IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-S) 


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Photographic 

Sentences 
Corporation 


);<  WIS*  MAIN  ITRlir 

WrT-5TI»,N  V    14510 

(7t4'i  •73-4S03 


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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductlons  /  Institut  Canadian  da  microraproductlons  historlquas 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
orifiinal  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-dtre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  m6thode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu6s  ci-dessous. 


Th€ 
tot 


Th« 
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of  1 
fllnr 


□ 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I      I    Covers  damaged/ 


D 


n 


D 


Couverture  endommagde 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurde  et/ou  pellicui6e 


□    Cover  title  missing/ 
Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 

□    Coloured  maps/ 
Cartes  gdographiques  en  couleur 


Coloured  ink  (I.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
ere  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


I      I    Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 


D 


Planches  et/ou  Illustrations  en  couleur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reli6  avec  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  re  Mure  serr^e  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  intirieura 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certalnes  pages  blanches  ajoutAes 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparalssant  dans  la  texta, 
mals,  lorsqua  cala  Atait  possible,  cat  pages  n'ont 
pas  Ati  filmias. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commantairas  supplAmontalret: 


n 

n 
0 
n 

n 


Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Page&  jndommagdes 

Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaurdes  et/ou  pellicul^es 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  d^color^e?,  tachetdes  ou  piqu^es 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  d^tachdes 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 

Quality  of  print  varies/ 
Quality  in^gale  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  material/ 
Comprend  du  materiel  suppl^mentalre 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  ref limed  to 
ensurn  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partlellement 
obscurcies  par  un  fauillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc,  ont  At*  fllmAes  A  nouveau  de  fapon  A 
obtenir  la  mellleure  image  possible. 


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This  Item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ca  document  est  fllmi  au  taux  de  reduction  indiquA  ci-dettout. 

10X  14K  18X  22X 


2ex 


30X 


12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


The  copy  filmed  here  hae  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Univeriity  of  British  Columbia  Library 


L'exemplaire  flimA  fut  reproduit  grice  A  la 
g4n6rositA  de: 

University  of  British  Columbia  Library 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  end  legibility 
of  the  originel  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  lest  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  beck  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  poge  with  a  printed  or  iliustratbd  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  lllustrsted  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  ^^-  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Meps,  plates,  cherts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  retios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method 


Les  Images  suivantes  ont  6t6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  at 
de  le  netteti  de  Texemplalre  fllm6,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

Les  exemplaires  orlginaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprimis  sont  fllmAs  en  commengant 
per  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
darnlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  salon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
orlginaux  sont  filmAs  en  commenpant  par  la 
premiere  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaltra  sur  la 
dernlAre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbols  — »•  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbols  V  signifie  "FIN  ". 

Lss  cartes,  planchss,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  Atre 
filmis  A  des  taux  de  reduction  diff«rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atro 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich*,  il  est  film*  A  partir 
de  Tangle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droite, 
et  de  heut  en  bat,  an  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  nAcsssaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivant!* 
illustrant  la  milthode. 


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/         \  OF 

Captain    C    O     O     ICs 

O     Y    A    G 

TO        THE 

,  Pacific  Ocea», 

A  N  D    I  N    QJJ  EST    OF    A 

North'Weji   Pajfage^ 


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BETWEEN 


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ASIA  (^  AMERICA; 

Pel  formed  in  the  Years  1776,  17771  17;  9»  and 

'779- 

lUuftratcd  with   a  C  H  A  R  T,  fliewin^  the  Traas  of 
the  Ships  employed  in  this  Expedition. 

Faifhfully  narrated  fiom  the  original    MS»  oi 

Mr.    JOHN    L  E  D  r  A  R  2). 


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«  H      A      R      T      F      O      K      Dj  ^^ 

Prmtcd  and  fold  by    NATHANIEL    P  AT  Tl  N» 
a  few  Rods  North  of  the  Court-Houfe,        ^ 
M.D.CC.LXXXin. 


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7"^  his  Excellency 
Jonathan  TrUxMbull,  Efq; 
Governor  and  Commander  in 
chief  of  the  Militia  of  the 
State  of  Conne(9:icut,  and 
Admiral  of  the  fame. 

S  I  R, 

THE  affability  and  generofity  T  was  honored  with 
by  you  at  my  firft  arrival  in  my  n.itive  country, 
after  a  long  abfence,  was  truely  worthy  the  diftinguiihcd 
chara£\er  you  always  have  had,  and  I  fmcerely  hope 
ever  will  fuftain  in  this  country  ;  I  have  received  it  a^a 
teftimony  of  that  original  urbinityand  dignilied  ir.miliaii- 
Xy  which  diftingU'flies  the  magiftrate  frcm  the  tyrant-— 
the  people  from  Haves,  and  is  flill  the  boon  of  which 
every  fon  of  this  country  participates.  Such  virtues,  like 
the  rofe  in  the  bud,  are  lovely  in  ordinary  life  ;  but  when 
transferred  to  the  bofoms  of  the  fair  and  great,  become 
by  the  contrafting  change  more  perfe(flly  beautiful :  This 
amiable  chara<^er  alone  naturally  infpires  an  attachment 
and  a  willi  to  participate  of  its  favors. 

Under  this  inlluence  T  have  pre  fumed  to  dedicate  the 
following  work  to  your  patronage ^  being  fuliy  fenfible 
that  let  its  intrinficmeiit  be  what  it  will,  the  approba- 
tion which  I  humbly  hope  for  from  you.  beneficcHce  will 
be  abfolutely  neoelftry  to  its   profj)erity.  a^'-, 

I  have  the  honor  to  fubfcribe  myfeJf      \''~  ^  *;.i', 
Your  Excellency's  moll  refpe£\ful,      '  ''^ . 
and  mol\  obedient  humble  fervant. 

The  Author. 


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PREFACE. 


THE  iniportanceof  nautical  difcovery  has  encrcafedfo 
muchlince  the  voyages  of  Vasca  de  Gama,  Colum- 
bus and  MACfLiAN,  that  at  this  day  mankind  have  the 
higheft  cfteemfor  the  information  they  receive  in  matters 
of  this  Vind,  ^nd  read  the  accounts  of  fuch  travellers  with 
the  mo{\  liberal  :ipprobJiion,  and  confumate  fa ti8f:i£\i;in: 
The  following  voyage  among  many  others  it  is  piefumed 
will  ftnre  the  praiie.*  of  the  ci^iized  and  fhiightened 
world  ;  the  object  was  n«<b.e,  it  was  glorioufly  conclud- 
ed, and  terminar«jd  hnppiiy.  The  difcovery  of  a  North- 
AVeft  Palfai^e  fom  Europe  to  the  Eaft- Indies  has  long 
"been  an  ohjed^  of  emulario»n  and  enterprife,  and  com- 
petitors in  fame  have  !i  en  -anonj:  eveiy  con.mercial  nati- 
on in  Europ**  to  determi  e  iti*  exiftence  or  non-ex iftence  : 
It  will  be  needlefs  to  lec^  pituiate  the  va  ious  inliances 
of  this  l<ind  in  this  work  fmce  they  are  to  be  found  in 
works  of  th  t  kind  pubiiihed  by  thofe  Navigatois  them- 
fcives :  neither  do  the  mrny  oihe;  difc  veries  made  at 
diffeient  times  in  the  fouthe.n  hemisphere  crme  pro* 
per  y  within  ihe  liiriit«  n{  cur  p;e!ent  fjftoiy.  It  may 
however  be  thought  iicefT^^y  lo  obe've  th^r  all  the  for- 
mer  voyages  nj'^de  in  quelt  of  a  North- Weft  PafT^gc 
have  been  on  the  no.th  erjft  fidf*  of  Americi  whcieat 
thi.«  was  made  on  the  noith-wen  fide  of  that  continent. 
The  voiaj^e  commenced  on  the  i2ih  d^y  of  July,  1776, 
and  terminated  on  the  6th  d?y  (ii  Oc'tober,  17^0";  the 
equipment  confifted  of  two  iliip?;  the  Kh.olutiwN  of 
ahour  fix  hundred  tons  burthen,  and  the  DiscovkRy  of 
abrut  three  hundred  tons:  the  hift  crmminded  by  Capt, 
J  A  MRS  COOK,  and  the  latter  by  Capt.  CHARLES 
CLERKE. 


^."'t»^.^• 


A  Voyage 


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A  Voyage  performed  in  his  Bri- 
tannic Majefty's  Ship  Refo- 
lution^  in  Company  with  the 
Difcovery^  under  the  Com- 
mand of  Capt.  James  Cook. 

ON  the  i2th  day  of  July  177^  ^^«  Refolution  un- 
moored, and  dropt  firmPl}mcuih  Sound  intoCor- 
fon-Bay:  and  on  the  i  3th  weighed  again  and  came  to 
fail,  ftanding  down  the  Channel.  The  Difcovery  who 
was  to  be  our  confort,  was  at  this  time  detained  at  the 
Nore  on  account  of  her  commander,  Captain  Gierke: 
uneafy  at  his  delays  and  anxious  to  proceed,  Captain 
Cook  was  determined  to  proceed  and  wait  for  him  at 
the  Cape  of  Good-Hope,  and  left  inttiu£\ion:»  behind  pro- 
per for  the  occafion  to  be  delivered  to  captain  Clcrkc 
when  he  Ihould  reach  Plymouth. 

Our  prefent  deftination  was  the  Cape  of  Good-Hope, 
and  as  it  is  feldom  any  occurrences  happen  in  a  paffago 
fo  familiar  as  this,  worthy  the  notice  of  an  ingenious 
reader,  I  fli.iU  only  obferve  that  we  touched  at  Teneriffe, 
and  looked  into  Horto  Fraya  at  St.  Jago,  and  made  the 
bcrt  of  our  w;iy  to  the  Cape.  In  general  we^d  ave- 
ry  favorable  pairaM;e,  and  arrived  Ui^  before  the  town 
in  Table-Bay  the  middle  of  September  following.  The 
Difcovery  after  a  very  tedious  paifage  did  not  join  u« 
untill  three  weeks  after  our  arrival.  The  Refolution 
in  the  mean  time  had  nearly  refited  to  renew th«  voy- 
age, and  was  on  that  account  able  to  aflTitt  in  forward- 
ing the  Difcovery,  fo  that  by  the  'i7lh  of  November 
both  iliipi  w«re  in  order  for  fc<i*  Th« 


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The  Cap*  of  Good-Hope  is  very  romantic  and  fotne 
how  iTiHJeftically  great  by  natuie:  the  mountain?  that 
f o  m  the  promontory*  a  re  hs  rusj^ed  as  lofty,  they  impel 
the  imagination  to  wonder  rather  than  admiie  the  no- 
velty. But  the  town  Hnd  j2;arriron  at  their  feet  difplay 
a  cntraft  that  moliHes  and  h^^rmonizes  fo  as  to  render 
the  whole  highly  finiihed.  The  Jand  near  the  town  was 
cnti  '»ly  b.nren  until  improved  by  the  indurtry  of  the 
inhibirnnts,  which  has  reiKHred  it  very  fertile.  The 
adjacent  country  m  highly  luxuriant,  and  noplace  can 
boaft  a  ^teiMi^j  plenty  or  variety  of  productions:  their 
winesaie  very  fine,  particularly  the Confhntia  fo  much 
celebrated  and  fo  feldom  drank  in  its  purity  in   Europe. 

As  this  was  the  only  port  we  had  the  lea  ft  expect- 
ation of  \  ifiting  that  whs  poiTelTed  by  Europeans  until 
our  return  we  impoved  it  to  the  heft  advanti^e  in  ac- 
cumu'.aiin':?  th'-  belt  liores  and  a<<  great  a  quantity  of 
them  as  p^^flTiMe,  a><;iinfl  the  dny  of  adverfity,  which  we 
had  a  ri'ht  to  anticipate:  but  after  our  Ihips  were  al- 
ready fo  filled  that  we  c  ,uld  not  ftow  in  the  whole  above 
eitht'-en  months  piovilions  at  full  aUovvanre:  bvt  reduc- 
ed to  an  allow,  nee  of  two  thi  ds  the  eftim>ite  would  be 
two  yens  piov  ifi ms,  and  this  w.is  the  c.ife  as  foon  ai 
we  left  the  '''ape,  and  coniinued  fo  the  whole  voyage, 
Uplefs  veliered  by  the  ;jd\entiiiou8  fupplies  of  fome  for- 
tunate Itland.  It  wiisaifo  expf'cUd  that  wc  ihould  taVe 
with  us  a  collef\inn  of  the  aninnl  fperies  in  order  to 
diltiibute  among  the  vpnnte  IIImkIs  we  tliMild  vifit— 
v/e  acrordmi^ly  took  '^n  boi  d  r(»u  hoiTf  s,  l»x  horned  cat- 
tle, a  number  of  Ib'-rp  ind  /oat-j,  ho  s.  doL;s  and  cats, 
belidfa,  halts  r.  bbit^  nnd  nionlcys-  duds,  gcefe,  tur- 
Ities  and  pea  cod- s  ,  thus  did  we  relVmbie  the  ark  and 
app-ar 


a^  thouTh  wr»  w.\Q  going  as  well   lo  ftock,    n9 


to  difcover   a    new  world. 

On  the   fiift  dav  of  DeremV"  we  toot;  oiir  depirturc 
from  this  great  promontory 


and  launched  into  that  im^.^ 

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menfe  ocean  which  furrounds  fo  ereat  a  part  of  th<;  fouth- 
ern  hcmifphere.  Our  courfe  fn-m  the  Cape  wns  ;ibout 
S.  S  E.  half  K.  and  as  we  adv-mced  \o  the  fouthward  the 
weather  was  not  <nly  very  fHrniy  and  tcinpeltuous,  but 
rendefv-d  highly  difagreeibie  when  not  fo,  by  a  conliant 
feries  oi  foggs. 

On  the  13'h  we  came  in  ^^[ht  of  In nd  I irrhtly  cover- 
ed with  fnow,  which  prned  to  be  tw.)  ill  :nds  difco- 
vered  a  few  years  iincc  by  Mcnfieur  Marion,  they  are 
in  lat.  46.  18.  fouth. 

On  the  23d  we  difcovered  a  diflmt  refemblance  of  land. 

On  the  25th  I'tood  in  to  the  land,  and  fent  boats  to 
reconnoitre  the   Coaft. 

On  the  2<^th  havinej  received  a  favorable  report  from 
the  boats  we  entered  a  deep  bjy  that  afforded  Ui  a  good 
retreat  and  came  to  anchor. 

On  the  27th  as  a  number  of  our  people  were  rambling 
about  the  liiore  in  the  bay,  one  of  them  found  a  glafs 
bottle  fuipended  by  a  wire  between  two  rocks:  it  waa 
corked  and  fealcd  over  vvirh  a  parchment  within  it,  h« 
brou«;ht  it  on  board  to  be  examined  by  the  Captain, 
well  imi^inin^  the  circuinltance  to  be  very  ^xtrai/rdi- 
nary.  Upon  exaniruition  we  found  wrote  in  the  French 
and  Latin  lanvjua.es  rin  account  in^.poitinu;,  ih;it  in  th« 
yeir  I772,  this  illmd  was  difcovered  by  Monf.  de  Ker- 
gulcn  :  ihat  it  contam^-d  plenty  of  water,  Uit  no  >vo(.jd, 
that  it  was  birren  and  without  inhabit. inls ;  but  that 
the  Ibores  abound'^d  with  tilh,  and  the  land  with  leals, 
fea-lions,  and  penguin^  &c. 


1  '■' 


The  contents  of  the  parchment  were  entirely  true' 
and  a  Ih  )rt  arcount  of  th"  vo/ager  who  letf  it  may  th-Sic- 
fo(e   be  necelfdiy  to  rendu*r   our   difcoverics    the    more 


com^iGie, 


B 


"Vi 


I- 


K   ♦ 

'1 


<( 


Monf- 


T[ 


•\ 


If 


i. 


n 


!■•! 


•1 


'!> 


c 


lO 


] 


"  Monf.  de  Kergulen,a  lieutenant  in  the  French  fervice, 
h?id  the  command  of  2  ihips  given  him,  the  la  Fortune  and 
le  Gros  Ventre.    He  failed  from  the  Mauritius   about  the 
latie--  end  of  the  year  1771,  and  on  the  13th  of  Janu- 
ary followini<  he  difcovered  the  ifland  we  are  now  fpeak- 
ing  of,    and  named  it  the   llle  of  Fortune.     Soon  after 
Mnnf.  de  Kcrgukn  faw  land,  us  it  is  faid  of  a  confider- 
able  extent,  upon  which  he  fent  one  of  his  officers  in 
a   boat  to  found   a-head  j     but  the  wind  blowing  frelh 
the  C  ptain  of  the  other   ihfp  (Monf.  de  St.  Allouarn) 
in  the  Gros-Ventre,    (hot  a-head  and  finding  a  bay  to 
which  he  gave  his  (hip's  name,  ordered  his  yawl  to  take 
poCT'elfion.     In  the  mean  time,  Monf.  de  Kergulen  being 
driven  to  lew^rd  and  unable  to  recovci  his  Nation  again, 
both  boats  returned  on  boa^d  the  Gros- Ventre,  and  the 
one  of  them  foon   aftei    cut  a -drift  on  account  of  bad 
weather. 

Monf.  de  Kergulen  returned  to  the  Mauritius,  and 
Monf.  de  St.  Allouarn  continued  for  three  days  to  take 
the  bearings  of  the  land,  and  doubled  itsnorthein  ex- 
tremity beyond  which  it  trended  S.  K.  After  this  he 
(hiped  his  courre  to  New-Holland,  and  from  thence  re- 
turned by  the  way  of  Timor  and  Batavia  to  the  Ifle  of 
France  where  he  died.  Monf.  de  Kergulen  was  after- 
wards promoted  to  the  rnmniand  of  a  64  gun  fliip,  cal- 
led the  Holland  with  the  frigate  I'Oifeau,  in  order  to 
perfe£\  the  difcovery  of  this  pretended  land  j  but  return- 
ed with  difgrace.'* 

That  the  land  we  now  fell  in  with  is  the  fame  difco- 
vered by  Kergulsn  is  certain  i  but  that  he  ever  faw  a 
gicat  Country,  fuch  as  he  pretends  near  this^  is  very  pro- 
blematical. 


[*--■ 


This  land  lies  in  lat.  49.  30.  fouth  and  in  78.  10,  eaft 
long,  from  the  meridian  of  Gretnwich :  Monf.  deKer-' 
gulen  had  laid  it  down  veiy  erxonioufly  being  neiirlf 

two 


t 


II 


1 


nch  fervire^ 

fortune  and 
about  the 
th  of Janu- 
now  fpeak- 
Soon  after 
a  confider- 
officera  in 
>wing  frefh 
Allouarn) 
a  bay  to 
wl  to  take 
lien  being 
tinn  again, 
e,  and  the 
mt  of  bad 


itius,   and 
ya  to  take 
rthein  ex- 
?r  this  he 
thence  re- 
he  Ifle  of 
va,<  after- 
^lip,   caU 
I  order  to 
ut  return- 


a' 


J 


I 


two  degrees  to  the  northward.  It  is  ragged,  detached, 
and  almoft  totally  barren  ;  it  feems  to  have  been  fitly 
appropriated  by  nature  to  be  the  refidence  of  the  in- 
numerable herds  of  fea-dogs,  and  feaU  that  cover  its 
Ihorcs :  there  are  alfo  vaft  flocks  of  different  kinda  of 
fea-birds  ;  it  is  without  any  kind  of  wood«»,  or  even  Ihru- 
bery,  and  the  only  plant  we  could  find  of  the  cuiiniiry 
kind  wasafpecies  of  wild  cabbage,  whicn  was  as  wretch- 
ed as  the  fell  it  was  indigenious  to* 

On  the  30th  we  took  leave  of  this  forlorn  land  and 
proceeded  to  the  fouthem  extremity  of  New-Hoiiand 
called  Van  Dieman's  Land, from  a  Dutch  navigator  of 
that  name. 

From  the  if^  of  January  1777  to  the  19th  we  had  a 
fuccefnon  of  hard  gales  of  wind  in  which  we  lott  one 
of  our  topmafts,  and  were  otherwife  \cry  roughly  dealt 
with. 

On  the  24th  the  Difcovery  made  the  fignal  for  fee- 
ing land,  which  proved  to  be  New-Holland. 

On  the  26th  we  l^ood  off  and  on,  to  find  the  bay 
called  by  Tafman,    I'redcrick  Henr>'s  Bay. 

On  the  27th  entered  Frederick  HenryVBay  and  moo- 
red both  Ihips.  We  remained  at  thi**  place  only  a  few 
days,  in  ^vhich  time  we  procured  a  good  recruit  of  wood 
«nd  water,  and  fuch  graft  for  the  animals  on  bonid  aji 
the  country  afforded}  we  caught  a  tolerable  fupply  of 
tilli  with  our  feins,  and  this  joined  with  our  exercifefc 
tefrclhcd  the  people. 

The  accounts  given  by  Capt.  Cook  in  a  former  voyage 
of  New-Holland  are  fo  full  and  pcrfe£\,  and  our  prefent 

vilit 


■V: 


L 


12 


] 


i 


vifit  was  fo  partial  that  it  entirely  excludes  any  of  my 
obfervation> :  Yet  I  c;Tinot  but  remark  the  difparity 
which  is  fo  obvious,  betv^een  a  noble  country  and  its 
ignoble  inhabitants:  The  ifl  and  of  New-Hoiland  (for 
its  boundaries  aie  now  afcertained)  is  by  much  the  larg- 
cft  now  known,  and  nioft  eligably  fituated  in  the  map 
of  nature,  about  one  half  within  and  the  other  without 
the  tropic  of  Capricorn,  rnd  its  extent  is  fully  fuffici- 
ent  to  gratify  the  moft  ambitious  wilh—even  the  Em- 
prefs  of  Rulfia  might  be  gratified  with  fuch  a  portion. 
From  its  northern  extremity  oppofite  New-Guinea  to  its 
foutlern  called  Van  Dieman's,  it  comprehends  above  30 
degrees  of  lat.  and  from  eaft  to  weft  about  43  degrees 
of  longit.  The  vicinity  of  its  northern  boundaries  to  the 
moft  commercial  parts  of  the  P^aft-Indies  is  alfo  a  moft 
glorious  circumftance;  ?nd  yet  with  all  thete  advan- 
tages, the  New-Hollander  is  a  mere  favage,  nay  more 
he  pulfeiTes  the  loweft  rank  even  in  this  clafs  of  beings— 
St  leaft  thofe  I  faw  to  the  fouthward  were  fuch.  'i'hey 
are  the  only  people  who  aie  known  to  go  with 'their 
peifnns  entirely  naked  that  ha\e  even  been  yet  difco- 
lered.  Amidft  the  moft  ftatcly  groves  of  wood  they  have 
neither  weapons  of  defence,  of  any  othei  fperie^  of  in- 
ftniments  applicable  to  any  other  of  the  various  pur- 
poses of  life  ;  contngeous  to  fea  rhey  have  no  canoes 
and  expofed  from  the  nature  of  the  climate  to  the  na- 
tural inclem>*incies  of  the  feafons  as  well  as  from  the 
anoy-iinces^  of  the  be)fts  of  the  fo;elt;  thfy  have  no  lioufes 
to  leiiro  to,  but  the  temporary  Ihe'tfr  of  a  few  pieces 
of  old  bark  laid  tranfveilly  over  feme  fm-ill  j^oles;  They 
appear  alfo  to  be  iria£\ive,  indolent  ai'.d  unMfTtitr'd  with 
the  le?ift  nppear,tnre  of  curiofity,  they  are  of  a  n.id- 
^  iin«r  ftitiire,  but  indiftV'vent  in  their  j^erfr.ns,  of  a  dark 
Complexinn  bordnin  :  on  Mack,  theii  hair  a  little  woo- 
ly,  their  fentuves  difcoidant  and  without  ;iiy  kmd  of  or- 
nament or  d^efs.     As  we  had  obferied  no  quadiupedes 

.  .  of 


f 


,**■ 


[ 


IJ 


] 


of  the  domeftic  kind  here  we  left  a  boar  and  a  fow, 
which  were  prefentcd  to  an  elderly  man  among  them  : 
We  alfo  diftiibuted  as  Frefent3  among  them  fevernl  me- 
dijls  to  perpetuate  the  memory  of  the  voyage.  Out  bo- 
tanical refeatches  were  tolerably  fuccefsful. 

On  the  ifl   of  February   we   left   New-Holland,    and 
on    the  loih  were  off  Charloite-Sound  at  New-Zealand. 

On  the  1 2th  we  entered  a  cove,  and  both  fliipsmoor-' 
cd..  New-Zealand  confifts  of  two  iflands  feparaied  by 
a  narrow  ftrait  called  Cook's  Straits:  Taken  collective- 
ly they  aie  about  fix  hundred  miles  long,  but  very  un- 
equal in  bieadth  :  They  are  fituate  between  the  35th 
and  47th  decrees  of  fouthern  lat.  and  between  the  i66th 
and  i7')th  degrees  of  long,  eaft  frcm  Greenwich;  and 
as  the  climate  is  admirable,  fo  is  the  apjcarance  of  the 
foil,  but  near  the  fea-coaft  the  land  is  inclined  to  be 
mountanious:  It  is  almoft  every  where  covered  with 
ftately  foreft^,  and  almvift  imp-^-netrable  thickets:  The 
country  appears  to  be  but  thinly  inhabited,  and  we  con- 
jecture that  this  failure  in  population  originates  chiefly 
from  the  conftant  ftate  of  warfare  that  fubfifts  among 
the  inhabitants,  their  feeble  advancements  in  agriculture, 
and  the  defultory  manner  of  their  lives  in  general.  The 
New-Zealanders  are  g' net  ally  well  made,  Itrong  and 
roburt,  particularly  their  chiefs,  who  among  all  the  fa- 
vage  fons  of  war  I  ever  faw,  are  the  molt  formidable. 
When  a  New-Zealander  ItanJs  forth  and  brandilhts  his 
fpear  the  fubfequent  idea  is  (and  nature  mikes  the  con- 
feflion)  there  liinds  a  man.  It  i*'  their  native  courage, 
their  great  perfonal  prowefs,  their  irteverfible  intrepe- 
dity,  and  determined  fixed  perfeverance  that  is  pro- 
du£\ive  of  thofe  obrtinate  attacks  we  have  found  among 
tiiem  when  we  have  appealed  to  the  decifions  of  war. 
In  the  article  of  drefa  amoni^  them  there  is  but  littlo 

diverfifi  cation  J 


-> 


i 


'm. 


I 


14 


1 


:!i. 


dii^erfi  ft  cation :  In  common  they  wear  a  clout  about  the 
loins,  fabricated  from  a  fpedesof  grafs,  which  they  twift 
and  unite  together  fo  as  lo  refemble  our  mnnner  of  weav- 
ing, bur  if  the  feafon  or  their  caprice  requires;  they 
add  what  they  cah  the  Eugabuga  or  the  Toga,  and 
fometimes  both.  The  Bu^*ibuga  is  a  very  coarfe  cover- 
ing made  with  little  trouble,  and  affoids  a  good  fl»ei- 
tcr  from  cold  or  wet  weather:  The  Toga  is  different 
and  is  equally  calculated  lor  ufe  and  elegance :  The 
Bugabuga  is  foimed  lound  and  converging  to  the  top 
where  there  is  an  appeiture  juft  futficient  to  admit  the 
head  to  pafs  through,  and  when  en,  coveis  the  body  as 
low  as  the  hip:  If  if  itornns,  or  they  have  occallon  to 
ftop  where  they  have  no  ether  Ihelter  they  fquat  down 
upon  their  hams,  and  then  the  bottom  of  the  Eugabuga 
reaching  the  ground,  forms  a  (belter  to  the  wlioie  body 
(the  head  excepted)  whiv  h  looVs  in  that  fitu^tion  as 
if  it  had  been  fevered  from  a  human  fo:m,  and  fixtd 
upon  a  hay-cock.  The  Toga  is  their  ne  plus  ultra  in 
this  fort  of  manufa£\ory  :  It  is  in  iize  and  foim  like  a 
eemmon  blanket  ;  its  texture  is  fimple,  but  the  induf- 
try  and  ingenuity  beftowed  upon  it  in  other  iefpe£\8 
rejders  it  compa£t,  ftrong  and  handfcme  :  The  materi- 
als of  the  manufacture  are  the  grafs  before-mentioned, 
which  is  a  kind  of  filV-t;rafs,  f?iid  to  be  indigenous  to 
the  CQuntry,  and  the  hair  of  their  dogs  blended  togeiher. 
This  garmf^nt  they  wear  mantle-wife,  commonly  leav- 
ing the  right  arm  and  bre;  ft  uncovered,  carrying  a  fpear 
in  the  right  hand  from  thirty  to  forty  feet  long.  They 
paint  their  faces  with  a  coarfe  red  paint,  and  oil  or 
gre^fe  the  he^d  and  upper  part  of  the  body  :  The  hair  in 
both  frxe*  as  well  as  their  drefs  is  wore  much  alike,  and 
being  geneially  long  and  black,  it  is  tied  in  a  knot  up- 
on the  top  of  the  head.  They  are  very  curiuofly  ta- 
♦owed  or  punOunted  in  difTerent  parts  of  the  body,  par- 
ticularly in  the  face.    The  food  of  the  New-Zealanders 

is 


^ 


c 


25 


1 


about  the 
they  twift 
of  weav- 
es;   they 
oga,    and 
rfe  cover- 
ood  fljel- 
I  diiftrent 
ce :    The 
the  top 
idmit  the 
e  body  as 
cpifion  to 
nat  down 
^ugabuga 
loie  body 
UrJtion    as 
and  tixtd 
s  ultra  in 
m  like  a 
rhe  induf- 
r  iefpe£^8 
e  materi- 
entioned, 
;enous  to 
togejher. 
)nly  Jeav- 
jg  a  fpear 
?•     They 
nd  oil  or 
^e  h^ir  in 
liVc,  and 
knot  up- 
iuofly  ta- 
)dy,  par- 
ial^inders 
is 


I 


4 


is  chiefly  filh,  fome  of  which  they  dry  and  feme  they  cat 
raw:  They  have  alfo  fome  yams  upon  the  northern  If- 
land.  but  not  in  plenty :  They  have  no  hogs  or  other 
animals,  except  a  few  fmall  dogs,  which  they  eat  oc» 
rafionally.  They  have  fine  large  jftrong  canoes,  fome 
of  which  will  carry  upwa'-ds  of  an  hundred  men,  and 
in  thefe  they  generally  fight  their  enemies. 

Notwithftandin2j  New-Zealand  has  been  viftted feve* 
ral  times  by  difi-rent  voyagers,  and  particularly  by 
Cook,  yet  their  ferocious  manners  have  prevented  their 
vifitants  from  being  otherwife  than  very  partially  ac* 
quainted  with  their  manners  and  cuftoms:  But  in  ge- 
neral they  may  be  fa  id  to  refemble  ihofe  who  have  no 
other  guide  to  knowledge  or  improvements,  but  the  ftrong 
di£\ates  of  nature  and  neceffiry,  and  the  direOion  of  a 
few  traditionary  precepts,  and  thefe  rendered  imperfect 
by  time  and  the  imperfe£\ion  of  the  mind  :  After  a  la- 
bored ei  quiry  on  our  part  with  regard  to  their  anceftort 
and  the  original  population  of  the  country,  the  only  in* 
formation  we  h^ve  obtained,  is,  "  That  their  fore-fathers 
at  fome  very  remote  pe.iod,  but  how  remote  they  knew 
»L>t,  came  from  a  far  diftant  iflmd  called  Hawyjec." 
This  is  imperfe£\,  but  as  we  afterwards  aOually  dif- 
Covered  an  iiliid  called  by  its  inhabitants  Owyhee,  or 
rather  as  ihey  pronounce  it  Hawyhee.  I  cannot  think 
the  information  ufelefs,  but  highly  fortunate,  as  will  be 
remarked  hereiificr. 

As  to  the  religion  of  the  New-Zealauders  we  know 
little  about  it.  however  this  I  fliall  not  htfitate  to 
ebferve,  that  they  have  fome  idea  that  refpcOs  a  God, 
and  they  are  not  alh-med  of  him,  and  if  marriage  is  a 
religious  ceremony  with  ih^tn  they  alfo  do  that  great 
honor ;  for  here,  as  well  as.  among  the  tropical  iflandt, 
adultry  is  punilhed  with,]§eath,  and  the  fpurious  off* 
fpiing  of  fuch  an  intcrceurfe  iliares  the  fame  fate;  but 

;^^.  .  -^       this 


'ij 


-e*^. 


s     ■% 


e 


^ 


% 


^ 


K  V 


l\i 


I 


16 


] 


f  -t 


this  laft  piece  of  policy,  for  I  cannot  call  it  virtue,  will 
not  I  think  redound  to  their  honor  ;  it  feems  however  to 
be  the  cafe  with  all  uncivilized   beings  to  be  aOuated 
by  extremes.     They  are  fufceptable  of  the  tender  paffi- 
ons,  and  their  women    of  communicating  as  well  as  re- 
ceiving the  moft  ardent  love.     Belonging  to  the    Difco- 
very  there  was  a  youth,  with  whom  a  young  Zealand- 
er  girl,  about  fourteen  years  of  age,  fell  defperately  in 
love,   nor  was  he  wholly  indifferent    to   this   engaging 
Brunett  ;  what  time  he  could  fpare  he  generally  retired 
with  her,  and  they  fpent  the  day,  but  oftener  the  night 
in  a  kind  of  filent  converfation,  in  which,  though  words 
were  wanting,  their  meaning  was    perfe£\ly  underftood;     ^ 
the   language  of  love    among   all  the  languages  in  this 
fublunary  world  is  thefooneft  comprehended.  But  though 
our  failor  appeared  amiable  in  her  eyes  in  the  habit  of 
a    ftranger    he    was    cnnfciou^  that    to     ornament    hii 
perfon  in  the  fafliion  of  New-Zealand  would  flill  recom- 
mend him  more  to  his  miftrefs  and  the  country  he  was 
in  ;  he  therefore  fubmitted   himfelf  to  be   ta towed  from 
head  to  footj  nor  was  ihe  lefs  felicitous  on  her  part   to 
fet  herfelf   off  to   the    bcft   advantage.    She  had  fine 
hair,  and  her  chief   pride    wis   in  the  dreffing    of    her 
head.     The  pains  flic  took,  and  the  decorations  Ihs  ufed 
would  perhaps  have  done  honor  to  an  European  beauty, 
had   not  one  thing   been  wanting  to  icnder  it  ftillmore 
pleafmg. 

Gowannahee,  (that  was  her  name)  though  young, 
was  not  fo  delicate  but  that  the  traits  of  her  country 
might  be  traced  in  her  locks,  to  remedy  this  misfortune 
ihe  was  furnilhed  with  combs  rnc  taught  by  her  lo\er 
how  to  ufe  them.  After  being  properly  prepared  he 
would  by  the  hour  amufe  himfelf  with  forming  her  hair 
into  ringlets,  rendering  them  tit  for  the  reiidence  of  the 
little  loves.    The  dilUlle  arifing  from  colour  gradually 

woie 


o 


tue,   win 
wever  to 

a£^uated 
cler  paffi- 
!ll  as  re- 
e    Difco- 
Zealand- 
rately  in 
engaging 
Y  retired 
the  night 
gh  wordi 
ierftood  ; 
s  in  this 
it  though 
habit  of 
lent    hi» 
J  recom- 
K  he  was 
'ed  from 

part  to 
had  fine 

of    her 
ihe  ufed 

beauty, 
'^^\  more 


I 


17 


3 


Wore  off  J  their  fentimen*?  improved,  and  frotn  impart- 
ing their  p  .flions,  they  became  dt  iaft  capab  e  and  de» 
firous  of  connniunicatinsj  the  hiftory  of  their  lives  to  each 
other.  Love  and  iealoufy  di;e£\ed  her  inqi.i  iew  ( on- 
cerning  the  women  in  the  country  from  whence  he  crn.e, 
wifbing  at  the  fame  time  that  he  would  Ihy  with  h^r 
and  be  a  Chief.  He  m  de  her  to  underli  nd  th;'t  ihe 
women  in  her  country  were  mHn-e;-:ter«Q,  and  if  hc^ihuuld 
ftay  with  her  he  mi«;ht  alfo  be  eat  by  ihem;  ilie  an- 
fwered  no,  and  faid  ftie  would  love  him.  He  f«nd  tlie 
men  would  kill  him  when  left  behind  and  alone.  She 
faid  no  if  he  did  not  Ihoot  them.  He  acquain  ei  her 
that  nine  or  ten  of  his  countiymen  had  f^^^?n  kiliedand 
eaten  by   them  though   they   did  not  i  the  men  of 

her  country.     Her   anfwer  was,  that  a  ^re^it  while 

ago,  and  the  people  who  did  it,  cnine  from  the  hilly  a 
great  way  off.  This  excited  his  cuiiofiry  to  knew  ii"  any 
of  her  relations  were  am'^n<  the  muderers;  Ihe  fitihed 
and  appeared  much  afft:d°d  when  he  nfked  her  that 
queftion.  He  afked  if  Ihe  was  at  the  Tea  ft  when  they 
broiled  and  eat  the  men?  .^he  wept,  hun'^  down  her 
head  and  faid  nothing.  He  became  IHU  m  re  picirivjf 
as  Ihe  grew  referved;  he  tried  every  winin,;^  w  ly  that 
love  and  curiofity  fuajgefted^  to  leatn  from  her  whit  he 
found  ihe  knew  and  feeuied  nclined  tu  cor.ceal,  but 
fha  artfully  avoided  hi?:  enquir  ss.  He  afked  her  why 
the  wasibfecrct?  She  pretended  not  to  undetttHnd  him, 
Findint?  all  hi-  perlualions  ineffe6"\u:il  he  timed  from 
her,  feemine^ly  in  «;reat  an^er,  and  threatened  to  lea\e 
her  ;  this  had  its  intended  eff  O,  Ihe  cauf\ht  him  round 
the  neck ;— he  nlk'»d  her  what  fhe  me^ni  ?  She  f.iid  h^r 
countrymen  would  kill  her  if  ilic  flwuid  di\ul,cre  .jny 
thing;  hef;iid  they  Ih  aild  not  1  now  it;  hut  vvon';  you 
hate  me  faid  Ih^ -^  He  fnid  no,  but  L>\e  her  more^  ^ind 
prelTed  her  to  his  breaft  ;  lhep;rr.v  compoled,  ?nd  Hnal- 
\y  informed  him  what  Hie  knew  abuut  iheniiuter. 


:  i. 


■■  w 


.    w         * 


•  ,» 


[     I«     1 


w 


?hc  g^ve  him  to  underftand  that  one  Goob»a,  a  very 
bad  man,  who  had  been  often  at  the  lliipandhad  ftolen 

ni.iny  things,  when  he  came  to  underftand  llie  was  about 
to  fail   went    up   into  the  hill  country   and  invited  the 
warriors    to  come. down  and  kill  the  ftrangers.      They 
at  tiiit  refufed,  faying    the  ftrangers  were  ftronger  than 
they,  pMrticularly  inilnuating  the  foice  of  the  fire  arm{», 
he  told  them  they  n^d  not  fear,   for  he    knew  where 
they  iTiu{\  cnae    before  they   departed,  in  order  to  pro- 
cure grifs  for  their  c.utle,    and  that  on  fuch   occafioni 
ihey    left  their    fire-arms   behind   them  in  the  (hip    or 
carelefsly  about  the  ground,  while  they  were  Jrt  work. 
They  faid  they  were  no  enemies  but  friends,    and  that 
they  mart  not  kill  men  with  whom  they  were  in  friend- 
ihip.     Go(^boa  f^iid  they    were  vile  enemies,    and  com- 
ph:ined  of  their  chaining  him    and  beating    him,     and 
lliewed    them    the    marks  and   bruizes    he  had  received 
at  the  Tnip:  And  rold  them  befides  how  they  might  de- 
firoy  their  tire-arm«  by  throwing  water  over  them.    Goo- 
boa  undertook   to  condu£\    them    in  fafety  to  the  place 
wliere  the  ftrangers  were   to    come,    and   (hewed  them 
where  they   miuht   conceal    themlielves   until  he  ftiould 
Come  ?!nd  give  them  notice,  which  he  did.    And  when 
the  men  were  bufy  about  geting  grafs  and  not  thinking 
any   harm,    th^  warriors  rullied  out  upon  them  and  kil- 
led them  with  theii  Pntnpaiows,  and  then  divided  their 
bodies  among  them.     She  added  that  there  were  women 
as  well  as  men  concerned,    and    that   the  women  madt 
the  iires  while  the  warriors  cut  the  dead  men  in  pieces; 
that  they  did  not  eat  th^'m  all  at  once,    but  only  their 
etraiL-^;    that  the  wirrio^s  had   the  heads   which  were 
eftccnicd  the  Left,    ?nd  the  reft  of  the  llelh  was  diftri- 
butMJ  ;;mong  the  croud.     Having  by   various  queftioni 
in  the  courfe  of  feverai   days   obtained  this  relation   of 
which  he  fa  id  he  had  no  realon  to  doubt  the  truth,  he 
forbore  to    afk  her  wh^it  part  her   relations  and  herfelf 
born  in  this  tia^^edy  as  there  was  rsaCttn  to  believe  they 


I  K- 


I,  a  very 


to  pro- 

•ccafiont 

(hip    or 

t  Work. 

^nd  that 

friend- 

nd  com- 

n,     and 

received 

ight  de- 

I.    Goo- 

le  place 

;d  them 

;  ihould 

d  when 

hinking 

nd  kil- 

d  their 


t        1^        J 

were  all  equally  concerned.  He  was  however  very  fo- 
licitious  to  learn  if  any  fuch  plot  was  now  in  agitati- 
on againft  the  people  that  might  be  fent  upon  the  fame 
fervicc  to  Grafs-Cove  or  elfwhere.  Her  anfwer  was,  no  j 
the  warriors  were  afraid  at  firft  that  the  ftiips  were  come 
to  revenue  the  death  of  their  friends,  and  that  was  the 
reafon  why  Ihe  was  forbidden  to  fpe^k  of  killing  the 
ftrangers,  or  to  confefs  any  knowledge  of  it  were  Ihe 
alked  the  queftion.  She  faid  Ihe  was  but  a  child  about 
ten  years  old,  but  Ihe  remembered  the  talk  ^f  it  as  :i 
great  atchievement  j  and  that  they  made  fongs  in  praife 
of  it. 

On  the  25th  of  February  the  Il)ip9  being  ready  for 
fea,  the  precaution  of  niulieiing  the  fliips- company  w^» 
taken,  when  it  was  found  that  one  was  miflinK.*  This 
was  our  adventurer  who  with  his  faithful  Gownnnaheo 
had  completely  made  their  efcape.  A  meiienKer  wag 
immediately  difpatched  on  board  the  Pvefolulion  to  know 
how  to  proceed:  And  when  the  meilage  w^s  delivered, 
the  captains  and  officers  were  joynu!*  over  their  bottle* 
At  firft  it  only  furnilhed  a  fubjed  of  pleafaniry;  but  it 
came  at  la  ft  to  be  ferioully  debated  whether  the  man  Ih  ^uld 
be  fent  for  back,  or  not.  Moll  were  for  leaving;  him 
•to  follow  his  own  humor:  Eut  Capt.  Cook  thinling  it 
would  be  a  bad  precedent,  and  an  enccurngir.ent  to  o- 
ther  enamoratoes,  when  they  came  to  the  liappier  cli- 
mates to  follow  the  example,  was  for  fending  an  armfd 
force  and  bringing  the  nK^n  back  at  all  hnz;ir(]s.  Of 
this  opinion  was  his  own  Captain  with  whom  he  was 
a  favorite,  who  <ave  orders  foi  the  cutter  to  be  proper- 
ly manned,  a  fe.jeant's  guard  of  marines  to  be  put  on 
board,  and  his  mefs-mate  10  be  a  guide  to  diieO  them,  tot 
ij.  was  fuppofcd  he  knew  where  he  whs.  This  wns  in- 
ftantly  done.  It  wis  midnight  before  the  cutter  le^iched 
the  intended  rendezvous,  and  two  in  the  niMining  bt^forc 
thi^uird found  the  fpot  Vvherc  ihelo^er?  were.  Theyuir- 
n  ''■  ,'        •      prized 


f 


I  ■ 


i          1 

u 

i                  L 

, '« 

»         1 

i 

<        Il 

! 
1 

Li. 

11 

prized  them  inn  profound  ileep  locked  in  each  others  arm*, 
d!f*.<iiiim><  no  doubt  of  love,  u{  nngdcmJ*,  and  of  dia* 
deuisj  o\  b^jn^  the  progenitors  of  a  numerous  family  of 
pi  laces'  to  kin\ern  the  kingdoms  of  Ea-keiinommauwec 
*<nd  f  Avi-PoenHmmoo.  Love  like  this  is  not  to  be  found 
in  th  ;fe  countries  \A/here  the  bo^ftcd  refinements  of  fei\ip 
timent  too  often  ciicumfcnbe  the  purity  of  affe£\ion 
and  narrow  it  away  to  mere  conjugal  fidelity.  God  of 
iove  and  roinnnce!  this  pair  ought  to  lave  been  better 
lieeded  by  thee,  and  at  leaft  fecluded  from  the  purfuit 
of  ihjfe  who  never  did,  and  pe.haps  never  will  be  able 
to  olfer  to  ihy  d-^itylliip  one  fin;:le  facrihce  of  pure, 
liiblimMted  rommti"  ff^ntimeni.  I'urn  thine  eyes  new 
and  behold  the  piedic?.men!  in  winch  thy  cruelty,  thy 
ca|)rire  and  tiiy  ingratitude,  thou  hypocrite  hath  Iw 
the  foilo.n  Cownnnihee  and  hef  haplefs  Mate!  Even 
the  ru;ged  ;;ui!d  when  tliey  c.jme  to  bind  their  prifon- 
cr  could  not  but  wilh  thtfy  had  never  f«»en  their  unfortun- 
ate Ihipui-Jte,  v.ho  WH><  not  only  rendered  ujjhnppy  in 
hiu  wlFc-dit'ns,  but  hid  Itill  to  abide  the  rigid  fentenco 
of  a  court  very  unlike  to  love.  Kut  the  fituation  of  the 
f'Uird  w.ifi  critical  le:ill  the  cries  and  Inmentations  of 
G)w:inn'«h^e  Ihould  route  the  favagts  to  fl^ughter  un- 
der the  aduint.!/,e^  of  a  dark  ni,:;ht  and  a  tliick  wood, 
I  hey  the.rfore  Jnih^n'^d  to  the  cutter  leaving  this  un- 
fo'tunnte  girl  the  pi^'tu  e  of  nioft  dirt. f  fling  anguifli.  It 
WIS  m'ni  the  next  diy  befoie  they  nnivcd  at  the  iliipa, 
and  tlie  riptain^  began  to  be  anxious  for  the  fafety  of 
lie  peope.  When  they  nrri'.fd  the  prifoner  tj-^s  car- 
lied  on  bfwiid  the   commodo.  c,   where    he*  undeiwent  a 

and  iniide  a  full  conUflfnn  of  all  hijj 


I 


m  '  <  X  nun  Mif'n, 


view,^  and  the  p?5in«  he  hid  taken  to  bring  thnn  to 
l^'^rfeainn.  Th.it  he  had  Cfjnridtred  the  ha/ird  and  re- 
wird,  and  t'h^t  the  aident  Jove  for  his  Cowannahec 
bad  df  te  niinrd  him.  .'ind  would,  had  the  dnngeis  thnt 
iD'uht  h.ive  enfued  been  greateu  Capt.  Cook  aitcmiOi- 
t;l  at  the  youag  m^n''*  extravagdnt  notional,  pleaftd  at 


•'J 


f 


n 


] 


^"^ 


his  fr^n!'nefs  inftJintly  forgave  him  and  ordered  him  to 
his  duty,  teliin/,  him  he  was  convinced  that  even  hi« 
piefent  firuation  and  feeling?  muft  be  a  fufficient  pu- 
nilhnient  for  a  much  greatei  crime. 

On  the  27th  of  February  both  (hips  came  to  fail, 
and  on  the  aiih  cleared  the  land  palfjng  through  Cook's 
Suaits* 

We  took  with  ui  from  New-Zealand  (wo  boysj  the 
olcjfft  called  Tiieru.i,  was  ab-ut  feventeen  yean  old: 
The  other  cailed  Kohaw  was  about  ten.  Tiberua  was 
the  fon  of  a  Chief,  ftout  and  well  m^de,  but  of  a  f^»ro- 
cious  ijloomy  afpea  :  Kohaw  wa«ayuung  lively  agree- 
a^iC  cliild.  It  is  faid  they  were  purchafcd  from  their 
parent-,  ii  they  were,  it  was  upon  fuch  conditions  as 
were  1  ept  concealed."  They  were  however  intended 
by  Capt.iin  Cook  as  fervmis  to  Omai  (the  native  of 
Otaheite)  and  were  to  be  left  with  him  at  that  Iflind* 

The  cattle  we  had  on  board  which  we  brought  from 
the  Cape  Good-Hope  were  in  good  circumllnnces  hav- 
ing been  well  refrclhed  by  being  on  Ihoie;  and  we  had 
procured  a  ^oQd  fiipply  of  fuch  wild  grafs  as  New-Zea- 
land nffirded  for  their  fubfiftance  at  fea.  We  had  al« 
fnniade  a  confiderable  quantity  of  beer  from  the  fpruGC 
01  th.'it  ci^untry,  which  is  good  and  in  unbounded  plenty. 
Jt  iM  elt(!einfd  an  excellent  fea-beverage  and  a  great 
;u;ii-fco»buiic  While  itlafted  the  allowance  of  fpiiits 
was  wiihheU  from  the  people.  We  alfo  took  wildcel- 
]^.\y  and  fcurvy-grafs  with  us  to  fea,  both  which  arc  na 
uiiTril  to  the  Country.  Our  courfe  from  New-Zealand 
wa«i  j^ener.iUy  K.  B.  N.  March  iaevera  blowing  month 
-Jnd  we  here  felt  iti  force  having  from  the  fitftofthat 
rronth  to  t'le  aoth  experienced  a  fucf.eir»on  (jf  hard  gales, 

icorn  violent 


ipjii 


iropi 


ipri 


nin«;  hut  thrfe  were  fent  in  mcic/  to  ^s  for  wc  were 


luch  dilkefftd  for  water. 


Or 


\ 


\ 


\ 


i  • 


"^^ssm 


i 


it 


I 


^« 


I 


t  m 


M    t 


On  the  29tli  of  March  we  made  land,  which  proved 
to  -be  a  new-difcovered  ifl^nd  called  by  the  nativet 
Manganooanooa  it  lies  in  lat.  21.  54.  fouth  and  in  201 
59  eaft  long,  it  h  about  eight  leagues  in  length  and 
four  in  breadth:  It  makes  a  delightful  appearance  and 
like  other  tropical  ifland^  in  this  ocean  is  covered  thick 
with  cocoanut,  palm,  bread-fruit  and  other  tieea,  and 
produ£\ioas  commcn    to  the  climate. 

On  the  30ih  we  went  in  with   the    land,  and  beinj 
about  a  mile  and  an  half  from  the  fliore  faw  5  or  60a 
people   armed  with  fpcars  and  clubs  d:awn  up  in  a  bo- 
dy upon  the  beach  Ihouting  and  runing  about,   but  whe- 
ther ihcy  appeared  here  to  oppofe  our  Innding  or  only 
in  confequenri    of  their  furpri/.e  could  not  b('  detcmiin- 
cd,    though  the  Ihore  did  not  app^^ar  fuvourable,  to  fee 
if  we  could  tind  anchorage  for  the  Ihips  and  fome  kind 
f»f  a  landing   place  for  we  weie  verylbort  of  water  and 
the    weather   w is  hf)t   but  we   were  fometime    withheld 
from  doing  thi3  by  the  apperancc  of  a  caroe  which  we 
faw  api)ioaching  the  lliip  with   one  man  in  it.      He  ap- 
proached the  ihip  with  diftidence  but  did  not  feern  much 
terrified.     As  foon  as  he  was  near  enough  to  us  we  Ihew- 
edhimfevcral  European  trinkets  and  made  fuchfigns  to 
him,  as  we  thought  he  would  beft  undeiftaivl  meaning 
to  conciliate    hi?    good    will  and  prevail    upon    him    to 
eome  on  boatd  the  Ihip.    He    accepted  of    f(  me  of   tht 
tririe.i   ofT'^ied   him,    particularly  iome  flireds   of  ^.arlet 
broad  cloth,  but  no  iion.     H«  would  not  come  on  board, 
but   as    he  went   aw^y    beckoned   us  to  tl-,e  Ihore    and 
fpoke    to    us:    What  we  could    underlhnd   of  his  dif- 
courfe  was  a  fiimdly  affurance  of  good  tieaiment,  and 
that  hi9  country  air)rded  both  meat  and  diink.      After 
thiji  we  fenr  three    bi)at8   manned    and  armed  to  lecon- 
roitre  the  llvMe,    and  deteimine  if  it  was  arcelfjble  tci 
the  purpofes  of  watering.      They    were  abfeal  the  bell 
part  of  the  diy,    und  finally  letumed  with  an  account 
that  the  ill;nd  was  furrcundcd  by  one  continued  leef  01 

i^  r(»ra! 


/ 


/ 


t 


as 


3 


toral  rocks  and  r.nu\d  not  be  approached.  This  it  much 
the  c.ifc  with  all    the  tropical  iflands  in  the   fouthein 
and  norihefn  piicific   oce;?H?.      Thf*    hoars  durino;  their 
abfencc   h?d  bcfn  incelLnntly  furrounde d  by  the  inhabit- 
ants, foir.e  In  canoes,   others  on  llo'ats  nifide  of  b;iiTiboo, 
and  fonie  fwiniin,2;.     The  nrioft    of  them  brought  f«)ire- 
thins:    with    them:    Some  hogs,    fome  fiuit,    and    fom« 
the  ma'  ufnOures  of  the  country,  all  of  which  were  cx- 
f  hinged  with   us  for  a  In, oft  nothinc;  in  our  efteem,    but 
highly  pleifing  to  thefe  new-found  fens  of  Mur. 

The  enterviev;  v,e  had  with  thefe  perple  fully  con- 
vinced us  that  they  were  (to  pppeannce)  the  fr'mc  peo- 
ple who  mhabit  the  tropical  ill^nds  in  the  two  Pacifict. 
What  thefe  appearances  are  that  conftitute  fuch  an  o- 
pinion  will  be  amply  treated  of  when  it  will  be  more 
agieeab'.c  to  the  hiilorian  and  the  readei  to  attend 
to  them. 

On  the  31ft  we  again  difcovered  hnd,  which  prov- 
ed to  be  another  new-difcovered  illmd  30.  leagues  from 
Manxanooanooa,  railed  Awgadoo.  This  we  pnlfed  with- 
out particular  examination,  judging  from  the  tremen- 
duous  furf  upon  its  Ihoies  that  it  w.ig  eciually  inaccelT- 
able  as  ManKanooanooa.  On  the  ill  of  April  we  were 
fo  fortunate  as  to  fall  in  with  ^mother  new-difcovered 
ifland  called  by  the  natives  Wattcw,  fituate  in  lat.  19. 
51.  fouth,  and  lon^,  201.  ^8.  eart.  This  ifl.ind  we  al- 
fo  found  equally  difficult  to  approach  with  our  boats, 
Hut  as  their  canoes  are  better  cdcul.ited  for  a  high 
fiiif,  fome  of  our  offi'ers  were  dettiminfd  to  land  in 
iheroj  and  taVe  a  view  of  the  ifliiid.'  Omai  (th-?  Ota- 
heite  Indian)  was  in  thrir  fuite.  When  they  landed 
they  were  for  fometirne  unable  to  advance  through  the 
fur  round  in '4,  wondering  throng.    'Ihry  h:id  not  proceed^ 


f^  hill  a  mi'c  before  they  were  pliin({«red  of  every   ar« 
•icltc  they  hid  about  their:    Swm«  ihingi  wct%  taken  by 

meio 


J 


r}f>'}<tt 


I       I, 


I 

mere  dexterity,  «nd  others  by  force,  which  they  thought 
prudent  to  fubmtt  to.  After  this  they  pafTrd  unraoleft- 
cd  until  they  thought  proper  to  return.  When  they  ar* 
lived  again  to  the  fca-fhore  they  found  t  number  of  peo* 
pie  together  round  a  large  fire,  and  prepairing  a  ro;^ft- 
ed  pig  and  fome  fruit  for  their  entertainment.  Our  ad- 
venturers were  rather  perplexed  when  invited  to  the  en- 
tertainment by  the  very  people  who  had  jult  robed  them 
•f  eve  y  thing  they  had,  and  wou'd  haie  been  glad  to 
have  excufed  themfelves,  but  they  thought  it  nioft  ptu- 
dent  at  this  time  to  renounce  their  refentment,  and  give 
the  fmiters  the  other  chei^k:  They  theiefjre  fet  down 
with  them,  and  eat  a  moft  humiliuing  morfcl— a  thinj>^ 
badly  digefted  in  a  Kiiiiib  fliip  of  war.  They  were 
however  richly  repaid  for  this  n.isfortune  by  finding  fe- 
veral  natives  of  Heuheine  among  the  company.  Hue- 
he  ine  is  one  cf  the  Society- Ifli nils  500  leagues  to  the 
eaftward  of  this.  This  circumft  mce  wns  known  as  foon 
as  the  natives  came  to  undeiftand  that  Omai  was  one  of 
that  country.  Our  adventurers  were  all  fur  prized  at  the 
information,  but  particularly  Omai  who  impatient  and 
iranfported  Hew  into  their  arms  in  an  excefi  of  joy  and 
wept  for  fome  time.  It  had  its  effeO  upon  thofe  who 
were  lefs  interefted,  and  when  the  nrifi\e«who  hadjuft 
plundered  the  Grangers  found  Omai  a  former  neighbour 
of  theft  foieign  inhabit.' nts  who  weie  now  chiefg  a« 
inong  them,  they  retu  ned  every  thing  valuable  they 
had  taken  from  him  and  his  companions,  and  loaded 
them  with  fuch  prcfents  as  the  country  produced.  Ai 
foon  as  thefe  matteis  were  fettled  Omni  defiied  to  be 
particularly  informed  how  they  CPme  there;  in  this  he 
was  fully  grrtiHv'd,  and  related  it  afterwards  to  dpt. 
Cook  in  thrfe  wo  ds :  **  About  twelve  years  from  that 
time  fourteen  peifnns  (including  n.'-n,  wom^n  ^nd  chil- 
dren) A  ere  removing  with  their  f!Tec\s  11  om  Hi.  neine 
to  Ot^hcite  (whi(h  both  belong  to  a  cluftf r  of  fl.ind? 
nearly  in  fight  o(  each  other  called  the  bociciy-lflmdV' 

A  • 


c 


1 


y  thought 

n  xhe.y  ar* 
)er  of  peo* 
ig  a  roiift- 
.    Our  ad- 
to  the  rn- 
obed  them 
en  Rlad  to 
t  moft  piu- 
,  and  give 
e  fet  down 
il— a  thin^ 
Ihcy  were 
finding  fc- 
\y.     Hue- 
gues  to  the 
^vn  ?.$  (oon 
was  one  of 
ized  :^t  the 
>atient  ^nd 
of  joy  and 
thofe   who 
ho  h^d  juft 
[  nei.  hbour 

chiefi  a- 
uab!e  they 
nnd  loaded 
ducrd.  Al 
fiicd  to  be 

in  this  he 
df  to  Ci'pt. 

from   that 

n  nnd  chil* 

1  Hi.  heine 

r  of    fl.mdf 

ciy-ldipd*' 


II 


fi 


€ 


'•y 


and  were  overtaken  in  a  ftorm,  blown  ofTfrom  the  land 
and  driv«n  they  knew  not  where  for  the  fpare  of  thirteen 
daysjdurin^  which  time  half  their  number  h^J  died  throus^h 
•xcefTue  fatigue  and  hunger,  and  that  after  that  time  they 
who  hid  finally  furvived  were  rendered  fo  extremely  weak 
as  to  be  infenfible.what  happened  to  them  until  they  found 
themfelves  on  that  ifland  and  in  the  hands  of  the  people 
they  were  then  among."  Omai.ofTered  to  intrrceed  with 
the  captains  for  his  countrymen  if  they  would  accept 
of  a  pnirr.<ennd  return  to  Otaheitee,  which  th^y  declined. 
We  had  been  laying  to  with  the  Iliips  during  this  in- 
terview.    And, 

On  the  4th  of  April  we  again  cume  to  fail. 

On  the  7th' though  we  had  cau?;ht  feveral  c.ilk«  of  rain 
water  we  were  obliged  to  dillil  fei  water  into  frelli  fo^ 
which  purpofe  we  hid  a  machine  on  board.  Thi««  watei 
difcoloured  the  meat  that  was  boiled  in  it  and  tin('\urcd 
other  thing.^  with  a  difagreeable  bhicknef'^,  but  w.i8  ne- 
yerthelefs  equal  to  rain  wfiter  which  cannot  well  he 
caught  in  a  Ihip  without  tafting  of  the  tar  communicated 
from  the  rigging.  Our  courfe  wa«  now  about  .S.  W.  un- 
til the  i8lh  when  we  fell  in  with  a  group f»f  ill  inds  that 
were  difcovercd  about  thirty  years  ago,  called  Palnierf- 
ton-Kles.  Some  of  thefe  illes  are  uninhibiied,  low  and 
without  water;  thofe  which  are  inhabited  a-e  fome- 
what  highei  but  inaccelfible  to  our  boats,  and  of  con- 
fequence  we  did  not  viiii  them.  I'he  inhabitants  ac- 
cordin.'  to  the  acounfs  of  thofe  who  hive  \ilited  them 
do  noi  differ  from  thife  of  the  other  illmders  here  ?»- 
bouts.  We  varied  oui  courfe  now  fiom  W.  .S.  W.  to  N.  W, 
Palmcrllun  Hies  are  fituate  in  lat.  18.  11.  fouth,  dud 
i^.j..   i4«  eart  longil. 

On  the  t5th  we  h^d  hard  {t-^Ips  of  wind,  thunder  and 
fieice  luhicning.    Hove  to  during;  the  Itorin. 

V    .  >  '■":''  On 


^n 


/■»<•» 


nmjm 


I 


a« 


] 


11;  .< 


On  the  26th  at  night  we  made  fail  and  p/.ft  an  ifland 
called  Savage- Ifland,  difcovered  by  Cook  in  a  foimer 
voyage. 

On  the  a 9th  w«  fell  in  with  one  of  that  group  of 
iflands  called  the  Friendly  Ifl.mds.  Thi?  ifland  by  the 
natives  is  called  An<Mnoca^  but  Abel  Tafman  a  Dutch 
navigator  who  firtl  difcovered  thofc  illands  called  k 
Rotterdam:  But  I  Ihall  diftii\^uilh  it  by  the  name  of 
Anatnoca. 

On  the  30th  we  entered  a  road-ftead  on  the  nortk 
Tide  of  the  Ifland  and  came  to  an  anchor  with  both  (liips  , 
wc  were  iuiwiediately  fiuioundeci  by  the  natives  in  fheir 
canoes  iis  ufuil  amon^  iill  iheie  illinds,  and  withcut 
Any  ceremony  e.ntered  into  a  fiee  brjfk  uafiic  with  them 
for  their  hogs  and  tropiciil  fiuits,  which  they  cxchang- 
«d  very  eagerly  for  littl-e  iron  infiruments  or  almoft  a- 
Jjy  thing  of  Europfi^an  miinufaflurc.  with  which  they 
were  fomewhat  ccnfider^jbly  r-jcquainied  from  the  vifiti 
'of  foimcr  voyagers. 

On  the  2d  of  May  we  got  fuch  of  our  \i\e.  ftock  on  Hiore 
io  graze  as  had  futvi-^^d  the  long  und  diftrrlling  paflage 
we    had  u:yJergone   from  Nnw -Zealand  hither,  particu- 
4arly  for  w^ni  of  water.     W("  .ih'b  fent?  guard  on  ihoic 
and  peop1<«!  to  wood   nj\d  niUe.      As  thin  wjis  the    fiift 
oppoituni'y    we   had  hitherio  haft   of  a  fice   intercourfe 
with  thrj  inh.jblfnnls   ct  th«3    fou:hr:rn    trojucal    iflands^ 
and  as  indi\iduah  were  pfr-ilTtued    of  a   plentiful  fupply 
of  articles  f)r  trrHio  which  they  rniyht  (tifpofe  of  to  the 
nati\  e«  fo;  lef;*  th:ui  their  reed  vaUr  and  hy   that  means 
hurt   the  trad.'?  that  n;ri»ef\rd  the  fuppl)    of  (liips  provi- 
fmn.  Cook  l:jid  fome  iPliiif\inn«  on  private  bargains  un- 
til further  orders,   whi^^h    h:id  a  very  good    elfed^.     We    | 
remained  here  until  the  4th  of  May  when  after  a  moll 
falutary  refi'-fhuifnt    of  our   people  und   tht*.    cattle   we 
hud  on  board    bciuies    having    procured  a  confideiable 

fuppl/ 


27 


1 


ft  an  ifland 
n  a  foimer 

group  of 
hnd  by  the 
m  a  Dutch 
8  called  k 
he  name  oC 

\  the  north 
bothftiips: 
ivea  in  their 
nd  withcut 
J  with  them 
;y  cxchang- 
>r  iilmoft  a- 
^hich  they 
1   the  vifiti 


ick  on  (bore 
ling  paffage 
r,  particu- 
d  on  iboie 
ijs  the   ill  ft 
intcrcourie 
ii    i (lands, 
iful  fupply 
e  of  to  the 
that  n.eans 
liip8  provi- 
arcjains  un- 
liUa.    We 
after  a  nioft 
cattle   we 
:onfideiable 
fupply 


fupply  of  pork  which  we  (Ated  ;  we  fer  fail  for  a 
group  of  fmall  ifl^nds  within  fight  to  the  northward 
called  the  Appy-Iihnds  by  the  natives.  I  think  we 
reckoned  thirty-five  of  thofe  ill;itids,  but,  except  four 
of  them,  they  are  very  diminutive,  and  only  reforted  to 
occafionally  from  the  larger  ones  the  principal  of  which 
i?  called  by  the  natives  Calwfoy,  which  is  about  thirty 
miles  in  circumference  and  thick  inhabited.  We  were 
three  days  cruizing  about  among  thefe  illands.     And, 

On  the  17th  of  May  we  anchored  at  CalaCoy,  where- 
we  remained  until  the  25 ih,  and  procured  a  hne  fupply 
of  provifions,  and  had  a  very  friendly .  interview  with 
the  inhabitanti. 

On  the  26th  we  again  camt  to  fail,  and  returned  to 
Anamoca,  but  having  very  bad  weather  we  did  not  reach 
it  until  the  5th  of  Jline  when  we  anchored  in  cur  old 
birtiK  We  tarried  here  only  four  days,  and, 

On  the  19th  fet  fail  for  an  ifland  called  by  the  na- 
tives Toni];ot.iboo,  and  by  Tafman  Amfterdam,  as  beingj 
thr  largcit  iflnnd  in  all  that  group,  which  colle£\ively 
we  called  the  Friendly  liles.  Tongotaboo  lying  S.  W. 
about  nine  leagues  from  Anamoca  we  leached  it  the 
fame  night  though  we  paffcd  through  very  difficult  na- 
vigation, and  anchored  in  a  fine  harbour  on  the  north 
fide  of  the  illand  about  one  fourth  of  a  mile  from  the 
Ibore.  The  inhabit;ints  who  had  heard  of  our  arrival 
and  expe£\ing  a  vifit  from  us  came  off  to  111  to  the  num- 
ber of  two  or  thrne  hundied  cnoes  bringing  large  fup- 
plies  of  hogs  and  the  provilions  of  the  countiy. 

!  On  the  loth  of  June  we  carried  two  large  tentt, 
two  aftronoiiiical  tents  and  a  markee  a-fl\ore  accompa- 
nied by  a  ftrong  guard  of  marines,  wnd  ereOed  them  on 
a  fpacious  g^^'en  cncircltd  \/  •«  grove  of  tall  tree*  a- 
Ibout  fprty  rodi  from  the  water-lidc,  which  lay  north  of 


til 


t'.. 


1 


our 


!l' 


■\'U 


h-- 


m^^'-^: 


U 


\<  I 


[ 


^t 


] 


our  encampment  on  the  caft  we  had  a  beautiful  lagoon 
thyt  leachtd  feveral  miles  into  the  country  on  the 
margin  of  which  werf  disperfed  fome  houfes  :  On  the 
fuuth  a  branch  of  ihc  iJme  lagoon  and  on  the  werta 
thin  tali  woods  in  which  was  inter  fperfed  feveral  mo 're 
houfes ;  after  our  tents  were  pitched  and  the  guard 
Appointed  Cook  went  on  lhor«  attended  by  a  chief  cal- 
led Polahow  who  was  the  fupreme  governor  of  all  thefe 
ill.inds  and  invited  him  to  his  markes.  l-'olahow  w?is  a 
iUMn  about  Hfty-ii\e  years  of  age  and  about  the  middle 
i^atufe,  but  exceirive  fat  And  corpulent,  yet  aOive  and 
full  o(  life  ;  he  was  exceeding  good  n.jtured  and  humane, 
very  feniible  and  prudent,  ?.nd  remarkably  timorous  : 
He  was  attended  by  another  chieE  called  Phenow,  who 
W38  one  of  the  molt  gr.iceful  men  I  ever  faw  in  the  Pa- 
cific oce^m.  He  was  about  5  feet  ii  inches  high,  lle- 
fljy  but  not  fnt,  and  oornpleiejly  ^formed :  He  was  open 
and  free  in  Ins  difpofition,  full  of  vivacity,  enterpriz- 
ing  and  bold,  expert  in  all  the  acquirements  of  his  coun- 
try, particularly  in  their  art  of  navigation,  over  which 
he  prellded,  and  what  is  efteemed  r^mong  iheiii  as  a 
neceifiiy  ingredient  in  a  grerit  chara^er  was  poifeffed 
of  uncommon  ftrength  and  agility;  he  was  belides  ex- 
tremely haidfome,  he  had  a  large  prominent  eye  full 
of  fire  and  great  exprelTion,  an  aquiline  nofc  and  a  well 
foimed  fnce:  His  hair  which  was  long,  hung  after  the 
rrj-inner  of  the  country  in  thick  bulhy  ringlets  over  hn 
(h»uldc;is:  With  all  thefe  accomplilliments  he  was  ex- 
tremely p.  pul'ir  among  the  people,  and  the  idol  of  the 
fair,  having;  himfelf  one  of  the  moA  beautiful  brunetts 
for  a  wii»-  ihit  the  hr.nds  of  iialuie  ever  finiihed,  but 
during  our  ftay  he  was  feldom  with  her  or  with  u% 
his  active  fowl  was  e\er  on  the  wing,  and  in  his  ca- 
noe whiih  fiiled  exceedingly  fwift  he  would  in  iweniy- 
lour  hours  luiK^und  the  whole  gioup  of  illands,  and  al- 
moft  vifit  thnn  individuallj .  If  wc  loft  any  goods,  and 
iney  weie  c^ri^d  eiihc;  in  land  upon  Tongotaboo  or 

'       t« 


■^ 


iV  -IS 


iful  lagoon 
itry  on  the 
s  :     On  the 
the    weft  a 
everal  mote 
the    guard 
3   chief  cal- 
of  all  thefe 
iahow  w?»s  a 
t  the  middle 
aOive   and 
and  humane, 
y    timorous  : 
henow,  who 
V  in  the  Pa- 
68  high,  tle- 
rle  was  open 
,    enterpriz- 
s  of  his  coun- 
ovei   which 
i  them   as  a 
as   poir*ffed 
beildes  ex- 
ent  eye  full 
c  and  a  well 
ing  after  the 
ets  over  hii 
he  was  ex- 
idol  of  the 
liful  brunetta 
iniihed,    but 
or   wiih  U5, 
1   in   his  ca- 
Id  in  tweni/- 
ands,  and  al- 
y  goods,  and 
angola  boo  or 
'to 


■if 

'•vs 


4 
4 


t         2P         3 

t»  any  of  the  detached  i(l.inds  our  only  confidential  re- 
fourfe  was  Phenow;  or  if  any  other  emergency  requir- 
ed difpatch,  policy,  courage  or  force,  Phenow  was  the 
man  to  advice  and  a£\.  In  fhort,  without  his  particu- 
lar airiitance  joined  to  that  of  Polahow  our  vifit  at  thii 
large  populous  ill  and  would  have  been  one  continual 
broil  proceeding  from  the  pilfering  difpoiition  of  the  in- 
habitants, our  methods  of  obtaining  fatisfa£\ion  and  their 
tumultuous  and  fa^ious  difpofitions :  But  that  my  accounts 
of  thefc  two  noble  Indians  may  be  entirely  true  ^ind 
impartial.  I  muft  obferve  that  notwithflanding  this  gc- 
ncial  attachment  to  our  interell  and  friendihip,  which 
did  them  fo  much  honor,  and  us  fo  much  effential  fer- 
vice,  they  fometimes  fell  into  temptation  themfelvej 
and  did  as  others  did.  How  often,  Phenow,  have  I 
felt  for  thee,  the  embarralfments  of  thefe  involuntary 
ofifenrcs  againfl:  a-people  thou  didfl  as  well  love  and 
wouldft  as  foon  have  befriended  when  thou  waft  accufed 
and  ftood  condemned  as  when  not,  and  at  that  inftant 
would  moft  willingly  have  fliared  with  thee  thofe  dif- 
trelles  which  lefulted  only  from  imputed  guilt  and  a 
theory  of  moral  virtue  thou  couldft  be  no  farther  ac- 
quainted wjjh,  than  fiom  the  diOates  of  uncultivated 
nature  or  imagine  from  the  countenances  of  ftrangen— 
more  favage  ihcmCelves  with  all  their  improvemeatt 
than  thou  wert  without  a  lingle  one  of  them. 

The  converfation  at  the  marl^ee  between  Cook  and 
thefe  two  Chiefs  could  be  carried  on  but  very  indiffer- 
ently from  our  ignorance  of  the  language  which  though 
radically  the  Ume  as  at  New-Zealand  and  (Jtaheiteo 
yet  differing  in  the  diale6\  confounded  us  a  good  deal 
at  firft.  It  was  however  apparent  that  they  were  ex- 
tremely friendly 


dirp< 


do  us   all  the  good 


they  could  and  as  little  ill  as   pclTible  for  Polahow  in- 
timated plainly  to  Cook  that  it  did  not  lay  in  his  pow- 

numeroui 
'  fubjcai 


fl  to  do  good  at  all.  times  on  account  of  his 


i  'i 


■'^\ 


u  * 


I 


t 


f' 


(/" 


gms 


Ifi 


I     r 


i!     ' 


'     Mil 


[  30  ] 

fhbjefts  who  would  he  fa  id  on  fuch  an  occaiion  as  our 
vifit,  even  wiangle  with  one  another  and  perhaps  with 
the  ftrangers,  and  when  they  went  out  of  the  inarkee 
Polahow  to  convince  Cook  in  a  ftronger  manner  than 
he  could  by  words  of  his  fincerity  Ted  him  accompanied 
ftill  by  Phenow  t6  a  fnupj  commodious  houfe  of  his  own 
that  was  fil anted  in  a  thick  embowring  Ihade  about  20 
paccsfmm  one  of  our  tents  and  made  him  an  offer  of  it; 
this  Cook  accepted,  and  afterwards  made  occafional  ufe 
of,  and  fcmetime.i  Polahow  lodged  in  it  himfelf. 

It  was  now  near  fun-fet,  and  Cook  being  defirousof 
teaching  the  natives  (once  for  all)  what  he  expeOed 
of  them  relative  to  their  condu£^  at  the  tents,  defired 
Polahow  and  Phenow  to  fignify  to  their  people  that  at 
the  going  down  of  the  fun  they  mufl  retire  and  by  no 
means  appioach  the  ground  they  had  given  us  until  it 
again  rofe  or  his  guard  would  kill  them:  Phenow  in- 
ftantly  fteped  on  to  the  green  and  proclaimed  this  in- 
telligence to  the  natives  that  were  prefent  who  all  in- 
ftantiy  retired;  at  the  fame  time  a  picket  marched  while 
the  drum  be:<t  a  retreat  to  poffefs  an  advanced  fpot 
th^t  commanded  a  view  of  our  encampment  and  the 
fliips  in  the  harbour;  this  well  timed  par^ide  had  a  very 
goodeffeO  and  was  a  meaas  ever  afier  of  fupporting  that 
dignity  ind  oltentation  which  much  excells  preceptor 
force  wh'"n  applied  to  fuch  wild  untutored  creature* 
as  theCe  were. 

Cook  invited  Polahow  and  Phenow  on  board  with 
him  but  only  the  latter  went.  Polahow  declined  the 
oflfer  on  account  of  a  kind  ofafthmatic  complaint  that  was 
particularly  troubleiome  to  him  in  the  night,  but  chiefly 
from  a  view  the  good  old  man  had  in  lodging  in  hi* 
houfe  to  obfervo  the  condu£\  of  hid  people  with  reji^ard  ♦ 
to  u)».  It  wyfi  juft  dufli  when  th«y  parted,  and  af»  I  had  ' 
bien  prefent  duiing  part  of  thistirft   interview  and  wan   • 

detnined 


W- 


O 


I 


31 


] 


detained  on  fhoreby  my  duty  T  was  glad  he  did  not  g« 

off  and  alked  him  to  my  tent,  but  Pola  how  chofc rather 

to  have    me  go  with  him  to  his  houfe,  where  we  went 

and  fat  down    together    without  the  entrance  j  we   had 

been  here  but  a  few  minutes  before  one  of  the  natives 

advanced  through  the  grove   to  the  /kirts  of  the   green 

and  there  halted,  Polahow  obfervcd  hira.  and  told  me 

he  wanted  him,  upon  which  I  beckoned  to  the  Indiaa 

aind  he  came  to  us;   when  he  approa  hed  Polahow,  he 

f<)uated  down  upon  his  hams  a»d  put  his  forehead  to  the 

fole   of  Polahow's  f(>ot  and  then  received  fomc  drre^i- 

ons  from  him  and  went  away  and  returned  again  very 

foon  with  fome  baked  yams  and  fifli  rolled  up   in   frefti 

plantain   leaves  and  deprfited  in  a  little  bafket  made  oC 

palm-tree  leaves,    and  a  large  cocanut  ll>ell  of  clean  frefti 

water  and  a  fmallercne  of  fait  water,  thefe   he  fat  down 

and  went  and  J^rought  a  mefs  of  the  fame  kind  and  fat 

them  down  ly  me. 

Polahow  then  defired  I  would  eat,  but  preferin^  fait 
which  I   had  in  the  tent,  to  the    fea-water  which  they 
ufed,   I  called  one  of  the    guard  and    had  foroe  of  that 
brought  me  to  eat  with  my  lilli.  which  were  really  moft 
delightfully  dreffed  and  of  which    I  eai  very  heartily. 

Their  animal    and    vegetable    food   i?  dreffed  in  the 

liime  manner  here  as  at  the  Tout  hem  and  northern  tror- 

pical  iil;4nds   throughout  thefe  fe;is,  being  all  baked  a^ 

mong   hot  ftones    laid  in  a  hole  and  revered  over  firft 

with   leaves  and    then  with    ni^uJd.     Palahow  was  (td 

by  the  chiri   who  waited  on  him  both  with  vi^fei;)j8  and 

drink.     After  he  had  Fmillird,,  the  remains  were  carried 

;»way   by  the  chief  in  waiting  who  returned  foon  after 

with  two    large  feparute   rolls  of  cloth   an^^  tw©   Jjtile 

low  wood«n  ftool.<<.     The  cloth  was  for  a  covering  while 

a  fleep,  arid  the  rtools  to  raife   and  reft  the  head  on  as 

^wc  do  on  a  pillow  :  Thefe  wer«  left  within  the  houfe 

•>:f  ,: 

er 


1% 
[■■.-■ 


! 


I  I 


I        3«        3 


ih^ 


'SI 


rf 


11  i 


I^^H 


«i 


1»H 


or  rather  under  the  roof— one  fide  being   op«n.      The 
floor  within    was  compofed  of  cogrfe  dry  grafs,    leaves 
and  Howers,  over  which  was  fpread  large  well  wrought 
matts.    On  this  Polahow  and   I  removed  and  fat  down 
while  the   chief  unrolled  and  fpread  out    the  cloath  j 
after  which   he  retired  and  in  a  few  minutes  there  ap- 
peared a  fine  young   girl  about  17   years  of  age,   who 
approaching  Polahow  ftooped  and  kiffed  his  great  toe, 
and   then  retired   and  fet  down  in  an  oppofite  part  of 
the  houfe.     It  was  now  about  nine  o'clock  and  a  bright 
moon  (hine,  the  iky  was   ferene  and  the   winds  hulhed. 
Suddenly  I  heird  a  number   of  their   tlutes   beginning; 
nearly  at  the  fame  time  burft  from  every  quarter  of  the 
'■[,    furrounding  grove  :    And  whether  this  was  meant  as  an 
exhilarating  ferenadeoi  a  foething  foporific  to  the  great 
Polahow  I  cannot  tell,  though  in  fa £^  from  the  appear- 
-ance  of  the  young  giil  and  other   circumftances  T  mult 
eonfefs  my  heart  fuggefted  other  matters  j  but  my  heart 
at  that  time  wa»  what  Polahow's  ought  to   have  been 
and  not  what  it  was — I  appeal  to  any  one.      Polahow 
immediately  on  hearing  the  mufic  took  me  by  the  hand 
'^.j  intimating  that  he  was  going  to  fleep  and  fliewing  me 
the  other  cloth  which  was  fpread  nearly  befide  him  and 
;.    the  pillow,  invited  me  to  ufe  it.      I   pretended  to  ac- 
'    quiefce,  but  a  bed  of  Howers  only  added  to  my  uneafi- 
neft.     A$  foon  as  Polahow  h^d  lain  down,  the  girl  ap- 
proached him  and  fprerad  the  cloth  over  him  after  which 
Ihe  fat  down  behind  him  as  he  lay   upon  his  fide  and 
began  one  of  the  moft  extraordinary  operations  I  ever 
before  had  feen  or  heard  of,  which  was  pating  him  on 
jriors  with  ti 


poftei 


paJ 


teinately  in  a  confiant  and  quick  fuccelTion  of  gentle 
ftrokes  which  flie  continued  with  unremitted  uniformity 
and  celerity  until  Ihe  found  her  lord  faft'a  fleep  when 
flie  gently  rofe  and  went  oflf.  This  performance  lafted 
about  three  quarters  of  an  hour  and  both  the  novelty  of 
it  and  the  fitualion  I  was  inrefptt^ing  a  yariftyof  ob- 

je<\* 


i>  * 


I 


3  J 


1 


jeOs  and  fentimenta  left  me  in  a  };ind  of  liftlefs  xnvexie. 
Whether  this  ceremony  rerpe£\ed  Polahow  merely  as  a 
mark  of  diftin£\icn,  or  whether  the  operation  wa«  ap- 
plied as  a  provocative  to  certain  palFnns— as  a  luhby  to 
ileep  or  to  affuagethe  embarrafTiuents  he  was  under  in 
that  altitude  from  his  afthmitic  complaints  I  cannot  de- 
determine.  It  is  true  faid  I,  rifing  from  my  reverie  and 
walking  out  into  the  -niddle  of  the  green  in  the  full 
moon  ftiine,  where  I  could  extend  my  prorpe£\«  and 
where  the  founds  that  proceeded  from  the  circumvent u- 
lating  flutes  would  more  regularly  pafs  the  ear. — It  Is 
true,  that  of  all  the  animals  from  the  polypus  to  man, 
the  latter  is  the  moft  hippy  and  the  moft  wretched, 
dancing  through  life  between  thefe  two  extrem^^s  he 
flicks  his  head  amon^s:  theftars,  or  hisnofe  in  the  earth, 
or  fufpended  by  a  cobw;.b  in  fome  middle  altitude  ht 
hangs  HP  e  a  being  indigenous  to  no  fphere  or  uKiitfor 
atiy,  or  like  thefe  Indians  he  is  happy  becaufe  he  is 
infenfible  of  it  or  lakes  no  pains  to    be  fo. 

On  the  loth  we  got  what  few  fick  we  h-'d  on  fljo^e, 
and  alfo  brought  our  cattle  on  Ihore  j  we  alfo  '•ftablilh- 
ed  a  mart  upon  the  green  before  our  encampment,  r.-nd 
appointed  particular  perfons  to  traffic  with  the  natives^ 
for  the  provifions  of  the  country,  and  that  the  trado 
Ihould  wholly  centre  there,  nothing  was  purchafed  at 
the  (hips,  by  this  means  we  had  every  day  a  regc'ar 
fair  cKchangej  the  n?itives  fet  down  in  a  tircle  on  the 
outfide  of  the  green  with  their  goods,  and  ourpuryeyors 
walked  round  and  purchafed  j  they  came  cr.nftantly  every 
day  by  fevcn  or  ei^hr  in  the  morning  and  went  regu- 
larly and  happily  away  before  fun-diwn  in  the  evening- 
We  had  alfo  our  wonders  and  waterers  and  fail-mak«i8 
on  Ihore,  nnd  every  body  was  bulTily  employed,  and  the 
utmoft  expedition  made  in  getting  ready  for  {fi9  ngain.  • 
After  the  mukets  weit  over  there  being  generally  an 
hooi  or  twO)  aad  fometimes  thofe  b«foic  daik,  the  na«- 


si 

\ 
\ 


\ 


^] 


m 

m 


m-- 


i'  *■ 


W^.l 


I    x 


tivf^  ta^ilecUin  us.  and  exhibit  their  own  acfcbmplifl'i- 
mrqlt)  ufe4  to  forin  matches  at  wreftlin;%  boxing,  andf 
!j -f  ojtiief  athleeic  excexcifea,.  of  which  they  were  very  vain, 

■i'  t  and  in   which  they  were  by  far  t\ie  beft  actfbnipiillVed 

I  I  zmong   all   the   people    we  had    ever  vifi ted  before  or 

I  jp  after.    Thefe  extr^ifes  were    always  perforitieti  rn  tJ^C' 

II :^  green  within  the  circJe,  and  among  tl^e  Tndian  fpe^^Jtots* 

there  w*re  a   cert><in.  number  of  elderly  men  who  ptiertd- 
cd  over  and  rogulaied    the  cxcicifcj  wherj  one  of' the 
wrcftlcrsor  combat;int3  waafairly  excelled j^  they  Signifi- 
ed it  by  a  fliort  fonorous  fen tence  which  they  (uhz,   ex- 
preiiingp  that  he  was  fallen,  fairly  fa^ien,,  ox  that  \\e  was 
fairly  conquered,,  and:  that  the.  viftor    kept  the  field  ;. 
fron™  t^ is  there  was  no  appeal,  ncr  indeed  dldtAfyfeem 
to  want  it,  for  among  their  rougiiei^  exeicifcs  I  npver 
faw  any  of  them  cbo,loric,enviotis,  malicious  or  revengjefur,. 
but  pieffrving.t heir  tempers,  or  being  lefs  irafcible  than, 
we  ger.ernlly  are,  quit  the  iiage  with  the  fame  good  na- 
ture with  which  they  entered  it ;  when  they  wreftle  they 
fthfi  each  other  by  a  flrong   pluited  ^iidle  mad«  of  the 
fibers  of  the  coco:^nut,   and  wore  round  the   waift  for 
that  purpofe,  :ind  dofcriba  liear  the  fame  operntions^in 
ihis  conteft  that  we  do  in  what  we  ^all  huging  or  fcuftiing  j 
/in  boxing  their   m8n(»u»'jC8   a^e    diflercnt:    They   Kjve 
/V\rh  hands  clinched   and   bound  round  feparateiy  with 
fina!i  cords  which  perhaps  were  intended  to  prevent  their 
/      clinching  each  othe*"  when  clolly  engaged  and  prevent- 
ing foul  play,  or  it  mi.^ht  be  to  preferve  the  jointsof 
the  fingers  efpcriaily  the  thumb  ft om  being  diflocated: 
Ferlwp^  rhe  bf  U  general  idea  I  can  convey  of  their  at- 
titud^»  in  this  cxercifc  is  to  compare  them  with  tfiofe 
of  the  ancient  gladiators  of  Rome  which  they  much  re* 
fcwiblf :  Th**y  ate  very  expert  and  intrepid  in  thefe  per- 
formances, but  as  they  are  mere  friendly  cffoi  ts  of  i^^^Ul 
and  p»ower«  they  continue  no  longiar  than  the  purpofea 
c^  fuch  a  coiuention  in  anfwered  and  the  conubatani  as 
foi*rt  as  he  tinJk  he  ihall  be  Xonq\iercd  is  vei^   foldom 

fnch 


% 


9 


JS 


1 


£uch  an  obftirwte  fool  as  tob^  beat  out  of  hiafrnfestw 
b^  macle  fenfible  he  is  fo,  but  retiiM  nioft  commonly 
wii^h  a  whole  fkip  i  But  the  cxcrcife  qf  the  club  is  ndt 
lb,  and  as  th'^fe  contefta  are  very  fevcrc  and  even  dan- 
gerous they  arc  feldom  performed:  We  never  faw  but 
one  inftance  of  it,  but  it  was  a  moft  capital  one,  aa  xhk 
performers  were  capital  cha  a^crs  and  though  we  cx- 
pc£\cd  the  exhibition  would  be  very  Ihort,  yet  it  laW- 
«4  near  twenty  minutes,  protra^cd  by  the  ikiU  of  the 
Cfwbatants  in  avoiding  each  others  blowi,  fome  of  which 
were  no  lefs  violent  than  attOil:  After  being  pretty 
wfU  buffeted  about  the  b«dy,  a  fortuitous  blow  upon 
tJiff  head  of  one  decided  the  matter  and  the  ccnquei- 
cd  WIS  carried  off,  whi!^  the  tiQot  elated  with  fucccfa 
ftodd  and  enjoyed  the  fubfcqucnt  Ihout^  of  praife  that 
proceeded  from  the  fpe^^atofs:  When  thefc  Ibou^s  en4- 
«d  the  young  women  round  the  circl«  rofe,  and  fung, 
and  danced  a  Ibort  kind  of  interlude  in  celebration  of 
the  hero.— Cut  alas!  what  did  this  avail  htm  when  a 
fon  of  Polah*w'j  entered  the  lifts  brandiiltin^  an  en- 
ormous club  and  expofing  his  browny  ihouldeii and  that 
arm  that  h^d  fo  long  met  with  no  rival,  and  thatfiont 
which  wore  the  nurks  of  many  a  victory.  This  young 
chief  was  p  rparious  defcendant  of  Polahow's,  and  about 
twenty-four  or  five  yeara  old  and  was  (b  well  known 
not  only  at  Ton(<ot:iboo  but  among  all  the  neighhoui'- 
ins;  iHandi  for  his  feats  with  th^  elub  thai  he  could 
•f  late  meet  with  no  competitor  which  was  the  cafe 
now,  and  after  he  had  ^vaited  on  the  green  until  he 
h^ii  received  two  fliouts,  he  retired  and  the  exhibit/* 
on  ended  :  He  h^d  one  eye  knocked  out  and  hia  hea^ 
and  body  had  been  at  different  times  fo  heat  that  ht 
was  qnc  intire  pieqc  of  fcarrificatioiu  When  thefe  ex« 
erciji^f  are  n^cant  to  be  full  and  well  conduced  Polal 
hpw  U  gfnerally  prefent,  and  when  tjiat  i«  the  cafe 
fery  pa^  who  enter  the  lifts  walk  up  within  i;  or 
20  feet  of  their  piince  and   cumplidient   hiM  after  th^ 

.    ^,    -,  mmnci 


1: 


k^' 


■Mi 


"I  n   .wiir»i^i 


ssrossffwwK 


fli:"l 


■111 


!   ,    I 


mm 


I        J«5        1 


■  ,   * 


.'i   tli   -. 


manner  of  the  country,  which  is  by  feting  dovfn  croff- 
Icged  bcfoie  him,  and  inftantly  riling  agaia,  and  whe- 
ther vidorious  o'  otherwife,  before  they  quit  the  liib 
lepeat  the  fame  compliment.  Thisexercifr  of  the  club 
feems  in  all  its  paits  to  referable  that  of  the  gauntlet 
among  the  ancients  and  fo  indeed  do  the  other  games 
of  wrclUing  and  boxing.  y, 

Thefe  exhibitions  on  the  part  of  the  natives  were  con- 
fidired  by  us  in  a  kind  of  dubious  light  for  though  th^y 
evidently  entPitalned  us,  we  were  notceitiirt  they  were 
folely  intended  for  that  purpofe,  and  if  th*.y  happened 
to  be  numerous  on  any  of  thofe  occafions  we  had  always 
the  guard  under  arms.  The  fpe£^ators  on  feme  of  thofe 
occafions  amounted  to  above  ten  thoufand  people.  How- 
ever we  never  let  them  know  by  any  fuperfiuity  of  pa- 
rade or  other  means  that  we  were  jealous  of  their  num- 
bers or  their  boldnefs  and  ikill,  though  we  certainly 
were,  and  prudence  demanded  it.  Uur  only  ce>r?ncc 
was  certainly  our  imaginary  greatncfs,  ?nJ  t^tl't  -  .  n^ 
unavoidably  decline  if  not  preferved  by  feme  iindicd 
ineana.  It  was  therefore  deteunined  to  prefeivfand  if 
poflible  to  piomote  thi«  imaginary  fuperioiity  j  and  as 
nothing  could  be  more  condufive  to  acccmpliih  it  than 
foms^  extraordinary  exhibition  that  would  '  ?  incompre- 
henfibly  great  to  them,  4nd  without  any  hazard  nf  mif* 
c  »rriage  on  our  part,  we  were  refolved  to  play  off  fomc 
of  oui  fire  works  that  were  brought  from  Woolwich  for 
frmc  furhocc?fion  ;  this  was m^ide  known  to  the  ni^iivcsat 
the  conclufion  of  one  oft  heir  g.imes,on  whicMocxaiion  they 
expreifed  great  fatisfaOion,  awi  a  night  being  pitched 
upon,  «vf;y  thing  was  prepared  for  the  occafion.  The 
natives  expeOed  ir  would  have  been  an  heivn,  as  ihey 
•all  th«ir  games,  at  Icaft  fomcwhat  like  their  own,  and 
according  to  our  perfonal  appearance  anti''*  Ued  the 
fatisia£^ion  of  finding  us  inferior  to  them;  but  in  this 
th%/ ^t:t  totaily  miiUkcn,  for  when  the  fiiH  fky-racket 

silceiidvd 


.^.M^l 


^"fl? 


[         37        1 

ifccnded  full  one  half  of  fcveral  thoufand  Indians  raa 
off  and  appealed  no  more  that  evening ;  fom«  of  thofc 
who  remained  fell  proneuponthe  earth  with  the'r  faces 
downward  and  fome  in  other  attitudes,  but  all  expicflfivc 
of  the  moft  extrem«  furprizeand  aftoniihment.  Pdahow 
andPhenow  who  Ut  next  to  Cook  and  his  clficer»  with 
foine  other  Indian  Chiefs  and  women  ofdiftinOion,  were 
not  lefs  aftonilh<?d  than  the  multitude,  and  would  inftant- 
\y  have  woilbiped  Cook  as  a  being  of  much  fuperior  order 
to  themfelves,  and  intreated  him  not  to  hurt  them  or 
their  people,  add«ng  that  they  were  friends  and  would  al- 
ways continue  fuch  ;  Cook  affured  Polahow  that  he  nor  c- 
ny  of  his  people  Ihould  be  hurt,  and  begg«d  him  tofpeak 
and  pacify  the  people,  and  perfuade  them  to  fta>'  and 
fee  the  lefl  of  the  heiva.  After  this  were  exhibited  fomt 
Hower  pots,  horrizontal  wheels,  rofes,  water-racketf 
crackets,  fcrpents,  &c.  and  it  is  h*rdtofay  whether  thty 
were  upon  the  whgle  moftteirified  or  delighted.  When 
the  cniertainment  ended  and  the  affembly  began  to  dif- 
perfe  nothing  was  heard  but  cries  expreflSve  of  the  won- 
der.^ they  hid  fecn,  the  greatncfs  of  our  heiva,  and  the 
poornefs  of  their  own  ;  indeed  this  ?.nd  the  exhibition  of 
our  mathematical  and  philofophical  apparatus  at  our 
aftroRoiuical  tents,  confirmed  them  in  the  fear  and  ad- 
mir.<tion  of  our  greatnef^  ;  and  thefe  circumftanceM  re- 
ceived a  great  addition  from  an  eclipfe  of  'hefun  which 
happened  during  our  ftay— this  we  foretold  to  them, 
and  alfo  acquiinted  them  with  the  time  it  would  dif- 
appear. 


■.«  <.. 


'  r 


Thefe  circumftances  joined  with  others  fccured  us  in- 
deed fr»)m  open  infults  but  were  ineffeOual  to  prevent 
thofeof  amorcdiftmr  kind;  thefts,  and  indeed  robbtfirs, 
when  occafi on  offered,  grew  drtily  after  thefirft  week  to 
difhirbus.  At  firft  the  interpofitionsof  Polahow  and  par- 
ticularly Ph^now  tended  partly  to  alcviJitc  thefe  ipjcon- 

4.  v«iiicnce» 


¥ 


,1    I 


I 


(«>■-.'  y; 


I 


r^^i 


joif nc^*  bjf  »e.ft jritV^I'Oiir  purloined  proper.ty,  or  by  nQ^kiajj 
!<7<^^[^pfj\^uo  fQi  the  dc(;^ulti  of  th<5ir  people  by  prcf<wtt 
^.  Ho^i^iJ  ttie  (mA^sof  thecoyntry,  w^»ich  indeed  went 
#.  j|^C3.t  way  with  Cook,  who,  as  he  wa«  ^ucfrjr  of  the 
4;ip^,  y/as  oft^  inA(iCi\ced  more  by  acQ.Liiring  ^  ho|; 
^^^  thf  >n;^,Mve3  thim  th^  fear  of  Ipofip^  the  friend- 
iUip  pf  ^a  hospitable  allien,  ox  the  hppor  of  beJn^ 
lAV'^^yi*  t>^ft  ^n  tKc  diHributioj)  pf  ii^jpaitial  juftice  ; 
jijutthifn^t  muftbf  ictnenoberc^  tha,i  th)?  f)bijjiy  o(  per- 
.forja^ng  th«  jippprtan^  errand  before  us  depended  v^ry 
piQUoh  if  not  eatircly  upon  thp  precarious  ^applies  we 
l^i&bt  procure  fropj  thcjfcand  oth^r  fuch  JAtnds,  ;^nd  he 
loyft  of  co^fcqucAce  b.e  v^ry  anjioys  ajvj  folicitous  in 
.the  cpnccrijinvipiit  j  bui  periiaps  no  cpnftderations  will 
excufc  xhMt  feverity  which  he  fometitnes  ufcd  towaid^  the 
jpativcs  Qii  t.hefc  occafions,  anfl  he  would  perhapf  havp 
.^9ixe  bettef  to  hav«  confidf  i^d  that  the  full  exertipp  pf 
%%tit^  '^oivcrij  jin  arguinent  bi  e^trci^ie  weaknef?,  ^nd 
nature  .  >ed  to  ipforqi  the  i^fulted  natives  of  \\\<t 
trvit^  of  tju**  iBflxim  by  fh(!pQ9BifeAation  of  thfiir  fubfe- 
QiLCftt  rcfuntireiits ;  for  bcfoj:<e  vye  quit  Tongotaboo  we 
|ioul4  not  go  any  whe  e  into  the  country  upon  bufniefs  or 
rlra^e  without  dafiger.  It  will  bcnfcdjefs  to  particu- 
T<)fi|C  the  inHi^iiJcei  oi  pu»i(>ifn|:iit  iqtH6\ed  upoh  the  na- 
tivci.  or  the  iji^nnicp^  of  fatisf^^^iori  ni<icfc  Cook  ^n  thp^ 
f  Cica^qr^i  \  but  as  oi}c  was  foj^ietfiipg  inore  curious  and  le(i 
^^fgHilful  thanibmi!  otfieis  I  iVviU  ipentjor)  if.  We  h?d 
X^Q  line  fqwls,a  p*?cock  and  heD,that  wc  hnd  bro4^ht  from 
home  at  the  expenre  of  much  cnreand  trouble  ;  ar^d  they 
had  been  too  lonp;  zdmired  and  gazed  at  by  the  people  not 
fj9wii]i  th(fjn  theJf  owp)  and  thje  f>p>^^/fMnitie«  that  daily 
«iflrfr/e4  to  take  thtin,  wc^c  too  f;) vera  1^1^  not  to  detcr- 
laoittt  them  to  mike  tiiem  Aich  t  The  morning  after  they 
iv^QTf  Jiiiliing,  C/ook  pisrceived  if  woyldbp^  feriou/i,  if  not 
ID  unfortunate  ciicumdsnce  vyi^bout  t^f  exertionii  both 
ff  policy  ^vA  ffjfpaleh,  find  th(sr/efQiff  ffot  afi  plj^Cfi  frofn 
t^t  (hip  to  the  tents  with  orders  immediately  to  put 

m'  ■       poor 


I 


39 


] 


pobr  Pdlahpw  undler  ail  arr<?ft  arici  thte'  guh^d  uiT<Jer  atifif; 


and  upon  the  bJick  6i  thofe  drd'erVesahe  ofhirtrfb  rftrtlf' 
Fhertovv  too— but  P'hcnow   Kuppehed  ort  jiUrlfJofe'  ^  W 
abfent,  arid  bad  in  fa£^  ftblcn  the  fowl t,  arid  ^6  ViitW  ' 
it  was  Tolly  to  purfud  hirii,  fo  v^teglad  to  f«teut6  PdlV-  * 
how,  who  rtalVy  hajSpehed' at  thii  tinrS  to  bfe  irfhoc^t. 
It  was  a  matter  peculiarly  acj^'ravatirig^^tb  Polahow,   to 
be  confined  by  a  ftrahjjer  iri  nis  oWn  dominions;  in  Hit 
own  hhufe,  in  the  fight  of  hi«  oWn  people,  ^lid  at  thi 
f'        fame  time  unConfclous  of  any   d**tneirit :    Increaftd  i<ill' 
mote  by  the  weeping  and    dift^a^ed    multitude  aboUt* ' 
him,  and  the  moving  irtt'-tfatiei  of  Hii  little' grandfon  tb" 
the  guard,  and  ftill  more  when  he  faW  the  Jingty  Codl^ 
appear  with  another  guard  froih  the  fltlps:  Btit  ilotwiihw 
'     ft^ndinj;  this  conrti£\  he  faluted  Cook  td  the^   greatdl" 
advantage  and  manifcfted  a  dignity  thit  «ven  did   ho* 
nor  to  hii  perplexed  fituation.     An  event  of  fuch  import- 
ance  foon  colleOed  a  great  concourfe  of  people  and  a 
number  of  armed  chiefs  who  formed  in'  a  body  in  the  a'd* 
jaccnt  grove,  and  feemcd  dif  termined  to  refcue  their  prince' 
or  perifh  in  the  attempt.    Cook  faw  this  with  conceij, 
particularly  a«  it  contradiOed  him  in  his  opinion' r«  a- 
grecablfe  to  his  importance  that  the  natives  would  rievtt' 
dare  attack  him,  and  he  was  determined  irift^ntly  to  tiv 
it^  but  ncverthelefs  tbpreviht  thtfmiffortunesthit  mi^hV 
arife  from  too  mu<h  precipitancy,  firft  defireld' PolahoW 
to  advtfe  his  people  to  withdraw,  afTuffrig  hJm  thit  at 
foon  as  the  goods  were  refto fed  f6r  whic^h  ht  wni  cotf- 
fincd  he  Should  be  fet  at  liberty,  but  if  his  people  at-' 
tempted. to  do  it  by  forCA  thht  he'  v<^ould  inftantly"  ihd 
Could  eafily  dcftroy  them  ;    and  thf^h  ofdered  ih'e  drt/tfl' * 
to  beat  to   wrm*  and  the  guard  t6' form,  at  thefameUite. 
placed  a  number  of  mtn  round  him  With  thcif'  bayoii^i'' 
fointtd  at  hit  body  ;  this  waMoo  much,  and  (he  tetrt-' 
Hpg-  par;«dc  and   pompous  ftile  of  th6  guard,  arid  all  '  . 
t.h«  tlMiiO)ti  of  our  optifations  ffruck  nol  only  hitf^  bar 

th« 


I'      *„ 


•   -»    • 


^.ii,iii..fr,vff.icjrithi^/,;jfi,i*^'^aiEarWHgW.'F 


1    !)' 


!'     '!' 


I'!  l-'ll 


I;  If 


':'^ 


chiefs.  The  old.  man  rofe  and  fpoke  to  his  chiefs,  frcm 
which  we  could  CO lle£^  that  the  power  of  our  fire- worlds 
were  much  infiftedon,  as  well  as  the  immediate  danger 
of  his  own  life  which  they  could  not  refcue  and  the  pro- 
■lifes  Cook  had  made  him,  for  which  reafon  he  defired 
them  to  withdraw,  which  howcveif  they  did  with  great 
relu£^ance.  A  partial  peace  being  thus  efFe£ted,  Pola- 
how's  diftreffts  b-gan  to  fubfide,  and  though  he  was 
not  altogether  ir^debted  to  Cook  on  that  account,  yet 
he  was  willing  to  expreffl  his  gratitude,  though  it  was 
•nly  facrificing  to  his  timidity.  He  theiefore  defired 
the  liberty  to  fpeak  with  fome  of  his  chiefs,  whom  he 
difpatchcd  after  a  ihort  conference  to  contrive  fome  way 
to  appeafe  the  threats  of  Cook,  and  if  poifible  prociire 
kim  his  liberty  • 

The  next  day  Phcnow  havinjs:  heardofthefituation  of 
Polahow  and  finding  himfelf  circumvented  by  the  very 
means  that  were  moft  diftreflfing  to  him,  returned  in 
fpite  of  Ihameand  all  the  contending  paffions  that  llu£^uat- 
ed  in  his  manly  heart  to  deliberate  his  lord  and  friend  Po- 
lahow $  when  he  came  to  the  tents  grief,  forrow,  remorfc 
and  fear  were  foi^rongly  delienated  in  his  whole  appear- 
arice  that  it  was  impoflible  for  Cook  himfelf  not  to  feel 
a  fyrapathetic  diftrefs,  efpecially  from  his  interview  with 
Polahow,  whofe  feet  he  wet  with  his  tears  rnd  wiped 
them  with  the  hair  of  his  head  ;  asfoonas  thf.ie  emotions 
hadfubfided  he  told  Cook  he  lliould  hare  the  fowls  be- 
fore fun  down,  and  bagged  him  inftantly  to  releafe  Pola- 
how, which  Cook  ventured  to  comply  with,  and  the  guard 
from  this  quarter  was  accordingly  taken  off.  Rut  Phcnow, 
IS  prudent  as  valiant,  perceiving  by  the  methods  Cook 
had  taken  in  this  mattei  that  it  was  a  circumi^ance  of  great 
importance  in  our  eftimation  for  them  to  make  free  with 
•ur  propyl ty  without  our  confent,  and  that  it  conferred 
tkc  idiiaof  Ihame  and  guilt  on  thofe  who  did,  and  that 


•  •»  • 


«.v.    «■ 


i' 


)< 


:^'^. 


iitfs,  frcm 
fire- works 
3te  danger 
id  the  pro- 
he  deli  red 
vith  great 
ted,  Pola- 
;h  he  was 
:ount,   yet 
igh  it  was 
)ie  defired 
whom  he 
foine  way 
le  procure 

ituation  of 
y  the  very 
returned  in 
t  liuauat- 
friendPo. 

w,  remorfe 

lie  appear* 

ot  to  feel 

rv»*w  with 

rnd  wiped 

emotions 

!  fowls  be- 

eafe  Pola- 

the  guard 

Phenow, 

hods  Cook 

ce  of  great 

free  with 

conft^red 

and  that 
M 


■'*;■ 


» 


I         '-^i 


1 


^IHjH/" 


he  himfelf  being  a  chief  of  great  diftin£^ion,  it  Wbuld 
fender  the  Ih^me,  if  imputed  to  himitill  more  flagrant-i-^  ^. 
w?i,s  determined  not  only  to  throw  off  the  odium  of  the 
imputation  from  himfelf  by  laying  it  at  the  door  of  fome 
obfcure  perfons  but  by  a  munificient  prefent  to  Cook 
to  prevent  any  enquiry  who  thofe  unknown  culprits  were, 
or  if  they  ihould  finally  be  forgiven :  thefe  were  Phenow's 
intentions,  and  he  took  care  immediately  to  fet  them 
out  to  the  beft  advantage  with  Cook  j  and  he  knew  be- 
fidea  that  he  had  many  friends  amonj;  the  ftrangers, 
which  was  true,  for  every  body  loved  Phenow.  Accord- 
ingly he  difpatched  his  fwift  failing  canoes  to  fome  of 
the  neareft  circumadjacent  illands  to  procure  what  he 
knew  would  be  highly  dele£^able  to  Cook— a  quantity 
of  fine  red  feathers,  and  befides  this  they  were  to  come 
loaded  with  provilions,  which  had  for  fome  time  paft 
from  our  feudes  with  the  natives  been  geting  fcarce. 
On  the  other  hand  Polahow  had  difpatched  number- 
lefs  little  troops  into  the  country  upon  the  fame  bull- 
nefs.  The  news  of  this  difturbance  arid  the  happy  ter* 
min^tion  of  it  had  now  become  very  diffufive,  and  the 
next  day  we  had  a  vaft  concourfe  of  people  as  wellajori 
accumulation  of  provifions,  fuch  as  we  h^id  never  be-^ 
for?  feen,  nor  could  have  concieved,  for,  befides  the 
provifions  that  had  aOually  been  ftnt  for,  thofe  who 
came  merely  as  fpe£^ators  of  what  they  knew  would 
produce  fome  kind  of  entert;iinm«nt— had  alfo  broua:ht 
fomething,  and  hard!/  any  body  came  empty  handed. 
Cook  aiiticip;Min><  the  events  of  the  day  had  made  fuch 
re^ulatif)n«  on  board  and  on  fliore  as  he  thought  ne- 
ccilary,  and  h^ivinK  received  the  loft  fowls  according 
to  Hhenow's  promife  and  being  full  of  the  idea  of  re- 
cciving  the  fupplies  of  provition  promised  him  by  Po- 
lahow and  Phenow— came  on  Ihore  the  next  day  drelfed, 
with  a  luuiber  of  his  officers,  attended  by  two  French 
h(jgrns,  and  made  it  on  his  part  a  day  of  jpUafuie. 

F  Th« 


I 


"Wiff»«l       1 


Ji!'iUyiiniiJ|>l.M 


(. 


1        ;( 


1  I 


I  .^': ii 


^  II 


j*--». 


:  The  two  parties  fent  out  hy  Polahow  and  PhenoW 
arrived  nearly  together,  about  ii  o'clock  in  the  foieroon, 
and  their  approach  was  foon  known  by  the  movemems 
of  the  people.  Polahow's  party  arrived  Hrft  and  entered 
upon  the  green  before  our  encampment  in  pairs  through 
an  avenue  nmong  the  people,  and  making  a  very  formal 
and  regular  procelTion,  they  retiied  after  they  had  dif- 
burdened  themfelves  of  their  loads,  by  the  fame  rout  in 
which  they  entered.  The  manner  of  their  bringing  their 
loads  was  upon  a  Ihort  pole  carried' upon    the  fli'ulderf 

'of  two  men  from  the  middle  of  which  hung  fufpcnded  the 

,  provifion%  fometim^s  confirting  of  bafkcls  of  Fifti,  of 
Dunches  of  yams,  bread-fruit,  plant^iins,  bananas,  ihad- 
docki,  cocoanuts,  and  cvey  now  and  then  a  hog;  and 
every  couple  as  they  retired  turned  towards  Polahow 
as  he  and  his  chiefs  fet  among  Cook  and  hi»  officers, 
3nd  complimented  him.  This  proccffion  was  not  half 
over  befoie  Phenow's  men  entered  the  oppofite  fide  of 
the  green  in  the  f;inie  manner,  bwt  the  firft  of  them 
werefo  gorgeoufly  fet  off  with  aprons  and  mantlets  of  red 
and  yellow  feathers  that  they  entirely  took  of  our  at- 
tention for  fometime  to  Polahow's  men,  who  neverthC' 
lefs  were  uiuch  more  numerous  than  hi«.  About  two 
o'clock  this  proceflion  of  wealth  ended,  aiiJ  Cook  with 
his  officeis,  Polahow,  Phenow,  and  a  numerous  comfa* 
ny  of  the  refp=!£\ive  fuits  dined.  In  the  mean  time  the 
natives  were  forming  two  lofty  editices,  compofed  of 
ilicks  laid  tranfverfly  over  each  other  in  four  fquares, 
beginning  with  a  bafe  about  12  feet,   and  contra£\ing 

,it  gradually  until  it  rofe  about  40  feet  high;  The  ont 
they  called  Polahow,  and  the  other  Phenow,  and  the 
former  was  the  higheft  ;  thefe  they  filled  with  yams  to 
the  top,  und  to  crown  the  oblation  depofited  on  th« 
fummit  of  each  two  large  barbaciied  hogs:  After  din- 
ner there  wa<  a  grand  heiva,  a^  they  denominate  all 
thtir  games,    but   this  was  -4  kind  of  W4r-dance,    und 

*.-  diffcrtnt 


V       4$         ] 


ind  PhcnoW 
:hc  foieroon, 
5  movfonents 

;  and  entered 
>airs  through 
very  form;*) 
\ey  h«id  dif- 
fame  roat  in 
ringing  their 
he  fli'uldert 
Lifpcndcd  the 
1   of  Fifti,  of 
nana9,  (had- 
a  hog ;    ;lnd 
:ds  Polahow 
I  hi«  officers, 
Wis  not   half 
ofite  fide  of 
irfl  of  them 
mtletsof  r^d 
1^  of  our    al- 
io neverthe- 
About  two 
J  Oook  with 
rous  comfa- 
san  time  the 
com  po fed  of 
our  {qua res, 
contracting 
h :  The  ont 
w,   and  the 
^ith  yams  to 
fited  on  th« 
After  din- 
loniinate  all 
dance,    and 
difTeicnC 


M 


**, 


I 


difF-rent  from  any  thing  we  had  hither t6  feen  among 
them,  but  had  nothing  in  it  that  deferves  particular 
defcription,  though  it  feems  to  be  in  the  higheft  ettim- 
atioii  among  them.  Tn  the  evening  the  people  with- 
diew,  but  fome  of  them  living  at  too  great  a  diftance 
to  return  that  night  flept  at  a  little  diftance  in  th^ 
woods.  '""^^ 

• 

The  next  day  we  were  fully  employed  in  carrying 
part  of  ths  provifions  on  board,  nor  did  we  complete 
this  bufinefs  under  tv^o  fucceeding  days:  Our  decks 
w«re  full  of  hogs  notwithlbmding  we  had  been  killing 
and  falting  nig^»t  and  day,  and  we  had  got  full  yamt 
enough  to  lalt  us  two  or  three  months.  We  were  fully 
convinced  that  we  were  ftrangers  to  the  unbounded  plenty 
of  thofe  happy  iflinds,  and  Cook  not  to  be  behind  hand 
with  thofe  two  munificent  chiefs,  prefented  them  with 
a  ho'fe  and  a  mare,  i  bull  and  a  cow,  and  two  goats, 
befidei  other  thingt  of  the  grcateft  value  to  them,  and 
with  which  they  were  highly  delighted. 

We  had  now  been  at  Tongotaboo  26  days  and  pof- 
fibiy  (hould  have  remained  there  longer,  but  for  the  fup- 
ply  of  pro\  ifions  we  received  by  this  laft  prefent  froxa 
Polahow  and  Phenow,  which  enabled  u»  ta  fail  imme- 
diiiteiy. 

On  the  7th  of  July  we  got  every  thing  on  board,  when 
we  invited  Polahow,  Phenow  and  ftveral  other  chiefs, 
and  made  them  all  rich  prefents,  particularly  the  two 
firft.  In  the  afteinoon  we  took  our  leave  of  them,  and 
unmoored  and  came  to  fail  plying  to  windward  through 
a  different  paffage  to  the  eaftward,  but  meeting  with 
obft:u^ionJ>,  did  not  clear  Tonsrotaby)  until  the  morn- 
ing of  the  19th  when  we  reached  ihe  Ifland  Eaowhet : 
T^tit  alfo  it  one  of  the  Fri:ndly-If]ands,  and  was  called 

'.*i  by 


:.  fCI 


'  %M 


iii 


^'''^ 


'    .»; 


»H3WWt»*'J..y«iK5i^dSai«««St.SsaijJ«««;aivt.i,-»-3Jl^^ 


W 


i^*'K 


I       44        ) 


I 


S*     H 


ft 


hy  Tafman  MiddUburgh.  It  is  about  30  miles  S.  E. 
of  Tongotaboo,  and  is  a  moft  beautiful  ifland,  thick 
inhabited,  and  between  thirty  and  forty  miles  in  cir- 
cumfeience:  We  ftayed  here  until  the  i8th,  when  we 
weighed,  failing  E.  S.  E.  as  near  as  we  could  lay:  Our 
ippointed  rendezvous  in  cafe  of  feparation  being  the 
Ifland  of  Otaheite,  and  as  we  had  nothing  very  inte- 
rerting  on  our  paiTage  thence,  the  time  may  not  be  nriif- 
approved  if  we  give  feme  further  defcription  of  Tongc- 
twboo.  This  ifl.ind  lies  in  lat.  21  19  fouih,  and  longit. 
184  40  eaft  from  the  pieridian  of  Greenwich,  from  which 
we  always  c^ilculaied:  It  is  about  130  miles  in  cir- 
cumference, but  of  an  irregular  form:  It  is  very  low 
like  moft  of  the  Fiiendly-lfles,  and  exceedingly  woody, 
and  the  foil  beyond  comparifon  rich  and  exuberant: 
It  affords  but  very  indiffeicnt  water,  ^ind  isf'ibje^ed  to 
heavy  dews,  and  we  had  while  there  the  Ihock  of  an 
earthquake ;  the  furiounding  (liores  and  the  foundings 
near  the  land  are  all  coral  rocks;  the  internal  parts  oC 
the  illmd  as  well  the  ouifides  of  it  arc  covered  with  a 
kind  of  lava,  which  is  the  cafe  with  moft  of  the  iflands 
irk  this  ocean.  The  inhabitants  like  thofe  of  the  other 
inhabited  iU^nds  we  vifited  in  its  neighbourhood  are  a 
very  line  people,  exceeding  in  beauty,  in  ftature,  ftrength, 
and  the  improvments  of  their  me.nrai  capacities  hny 
of  the  great  variety  of  people  among  the  iflands  fcat- 
tered  throughout  this  orf^an :  If  this  ran  be  an  excep- 
tion, they  are  indef.d  not  quite  fo  light  coloured  as  at 
Otaheite  and  the  Society-Hies  :  The  m-^nner  of  their  cul- 
tivating their  land  exceeds  even  the  inJvibitant^of  feme 
iflands  we  afterwards  difcovercd  and  called  Sandwich- 
Iflands:  The  pains  they  have  taken  to  clear  up  the 
woods  when  we  confider  the  difad vantages  they  muft  have 
labored  under  for  want  of  hufbundry  implemtnts,  is  a- 
ftonifliing,  and  as  ftrong  a  proof  of  (heir  unlimited  in- 
dultry,  '49f  the  clegaace  in  which  tJiey  have  laid  it  out 

f  and 


ft 


w 


[ 


4i 


1 


^-^ 


ir\d  olhcrwifc  improved  it,  is  of  their  mral  taBe  and 
gocd  judgment.  Thefe  inclofutes  alfo  indicate  feparatc 
property  among  them,  which  was  a  certain  intimation 
in  my  opinion  of  an  energetic jurifprudence  and  incrcaf- 
ing  civilization.  .•.^^^■- 

Their  language  i«  radically  the  fame  as  that  which 
perv?idc8  all  the  tropical  illands  in  this  part  of  the  o- 
cean,  and  I  may  moie  particularly  fay  io  not  only  of 
their  animals  j:nd  the  common  piodi.Oions  of  nature, 
but  of  their  manners  and  cuftcms  thiou;;hout.  A  minute 
detail  of  their  hiftory  in  thefe  refptOs  would  be  un- 
necelTary  a.^  that  of  Otaheite  or  of  iSandwich-Iilands, 
of  which  I  fliii'  treat  more  largely  he  eafter,  will  ap- 
ply to  them  with  the  ftriiVft  piop  iety  in  every  thing 
that  Concerns  a  reader  whf)  makes  his  fp«cul  at  ions  upon 
a  m^'re  general  and  roup  ehenfive  fcale  than  ihofe  who 
are  pleafed  even  wiih  i  rep'^J'tion  of  things  of  no  more 
•onfequence  in  ^hcii  fiitt  relation. 

On  the  13th  of  Augurt  we  made  the  ifland  ofOta- 
hcite  about  S  leagues  diitant.  -  r^ 

On  the  14th  we  llf^od  in  for  the  land  and  anchored 
inafmall  br.7  on  \hr  ?.:[{  i\df'.  of  the  ifland  called  by 
the  native?  Ota  hfire-iv:h;:.  We  were  immediately  fur- 
Toi'.nded  by  the  i:  habitmits  m  their  Ccinoes,  and  the  little 
village  within  ;he  b.iy  w,is  full  of  people  dancing 
and  runing  ab.ut  with  hy  ntour  arrival,  which  was  en- 
creafed  when  thf  y  found  i:  was  Cook,  or  Tutee  as  they 
pronounce  it^  wlio  waslnown  ?,mong  t .hem  from  a  former 
voyage  here.  A  boat  was  foon  hove  out  <ind  Cook  with 
other  gentlemen  and  Cm;  i  went  on  Ihoie,  where  they 
were  very  much  furprizrM  to  find  a  lar^e  wooden   croft 


about  9  feet  hi.^h  ereaed 


icription  in  the  latin  1 


in  the  villaj.;e,   with  an  in- 


an 


v^i!irc,  importinv:  thitin  Febru- 


ary 1777  two  ..panilh  ihips  had  been  there,  and   tgtVen 

potfcflioa 


m 


'  ii 


m 


H' 


% 


t     •; 


li""' 


^»-'.WM<misi^>^a,iU:MiLm>mi*ms^^hi»i^. 


p«ll«flion  of  the  ifl'ind  in  the  n^mc  of  hid  Cstholic  Ma- 
jefty.  Thii  was  alfo  contirmed  by  many  fubfeque 
appearances  a»  well  as  from  the  informations  of  the  in- 
Imi^itants.  At  a  little  dilinnctf  from  thia  they  found  • 
houfc  built  with  boards  a  lit  lie  in  the  Europ«an  iHle, 
and  within  it  a  Iaif;e  mahoi^any  chcft  with  a  hip^nilh  lode 
to  it,  this  the  natives  leadily  opened  and  Ibcwcd  us  fe- 
▼eral  Spnnifli  p^nrmenis,  wiiich  th«y  laid  belon.^jcd  to  a 
man  the  Sp  iniards  had  left  there,  who  was  now  dead— 
and  gave  us  furihrrniore  to  undeiliand  that  the  Spnniarda 
had  taken  thr«e  of  the  natives  with  them  when  thejr 
w«nt  away,  and  when  we  aiked  whe  c  they  came  from 
they  pronounced  the  word  Rtma,  which  we  made  no 
doubt  was  Lima  in  Spanifti  Amciica. 

We  alfo  found  afterwards  that  the  Spaniards  had  left 
fevcral  American  ho^s  and  a  bull  and  a  cow,  among 
them,  but  the  two  latter  were  dead.  What  the  purport 
of  this  vii\t  from  the  S|)aniards  could  be  time  muA  dif- 
covcr. 

When  rur  boat  returned  they  brought  c^  the  croft 
the  Spaniards  had  crc^ed— eiaced  their  inf  ^tion,  and 
after  putirg  on  one  in  favor  of  his  Britannic  Majetty 
ercd^ed  it  again  in  the  place  from  which  we  took  it. 
The  next  day  we  hnd  a  numbei  of  vifiton,  among  whom 
waa  a  fifter  to  Omai,  who  came  to  welcome  her  brother 
to  his  native  country  again ;  but  the  behaviour  of  Omai 
on  the  occafion  was  confonant  to  his  proud  empty  ambitious 
heart,  and  he  relufcd  at  firft  to  own  her  for  his  fifter  j 
th- reafon  of  which  w;is,  her  being  a  poor  obfcure  girl, 
nndas  he  expeOed  to  be  nothing  but  king,  the  connexion 
would  diigrace  him. 

On  the  ltd  of  Auguft  we  unmoored  and  came  to  fail 
jietring  for  the  oid  rendezvous,  a  bay  called  by  the  na- 
tiivea  Maitarai.  and  by  us  Port-Royal,  from  iti  excel- 
lency a»  a   harbour.  On 


r*' 


t 


47 


1 


rdi  had  left 

[)W,    among 

the  purport 

mc  muft  dif- 


'T  the  croft 

^tion,  and 

uc  Ma  jetty 

we  took  it. 

long  whom 

her  brother 

lur  ofOmai 

y  ambitioui 

his  fifter ; 

Ibfcure  girl, 

connexion 


tame  to  fail 

by  the  na- 

iti  cxccl- 

On 


On  the  23d  both  (hips  entered  and  moored  ab<>»^ 
noon  in  Mattavai-Bay.  We  were  immcdiatdy  vifttod 
arcording  to  ciiftom  by  the  natives  intheir  oanoe(»,^ho 
were  almort  frantic  with  joy  to  i^ie  us,  and  with<nit  any 
ceremony  ran  down  between  dufk  cry'm^  out  for  fonts 
of  their  old  acquaintance,  many  of  whom  they  fnuridartd 
embiaced  with  thcgreatcft  affrOion.  Capt.  Cook  and 
lAeut.  Gore  were  paniculariyrecogni/cd,  andfoundmot* 
uld  acquaintance  than  they  knew  how  to  difpofe  with; 
in  Ihori  the  ftiip  wasf  fo  crouded  and  confufed  that  wc 
could  attend  to  no  duty  the  remaining  pan  of  the  day, 
Cook  fairly  gave  it  up  ai  a  day  of  feftivity,  not  onlf 
to  the  Otaheiteeans  but  to  his  own  people  paiticularly 
thofe  who  had  been  there  before  who  weie  apparently 
and  many  in  reality  as  much  and  pcrhppg  more  ple^fid 
than  if  they  had  been  moored  in  any  part  in  Great- 
Britain. 

On  the  f  4th  we  fent  all  our  tents,  fails,  water-calki 
and  whatevci  ftorts  wanted  airing  or  repairing ;  the 
tents  were  ere£\ed  on  t  le  fame  fpot  where  they  forniM- 
ly  were,  and  a  guard  of  marines  fet  over  the  whole. 

This  illand  has  fo  often  been  vifited  by  the  Bnglifli, 
French  and  Spaniards,  particularly  by  th«  former  who 
firft  difCovered  it  between  twenty  and  thirty  ycaif 
ago,  together  with  the  ifland?  in  the  neighborhood, 
its  hiftory  now  as  far  as  could  be  obtained  is  almoftuni- 
verfally  known  ;  but  as  every  vifiter  furnilhes  fome  now 
additional  circumftances,  thefe  ought  not  to  be  omit- 
ted, and  are  what  I  Ihall  chiefly  confine  myfelf  to,  to- 
gether with  a  general  defer  iption  of  the  country,  its  in 
habitants  and  manners  forthe  informationof  fuch  asciray 
«ot  yet  have  been  made  acquainted  with  them. 

'       *  ,  r 

/       • 

Mattavai-Bay  is  fituate   in   latitude  17*,  19,  i<Alth, 

andloog,  til-  eaft.    The  iiland  taktn^  coiltiiivMly  coti- 

4^'    ,  %  fiftf 


' ,  .i'-i 


r 


'  ll' 


l!'l 


5   •    1 


ii' 


t        4«         1 

fifts  of  two  peniiifulas,  nearly  of  an  equal   m^j^nitudc, 
and  is  about   i6omUesin  circumfeience,  the  form  being 
foraewhat  irregular;   the  internal  part*  of  the  iflmd  are 
high  and  craggy,  but   towardu  the    fei  the  land  either 
eonfifts  of  gentle  Hopes  or  level  plains  that  reach    the 
fea,  after  wjfiich  it  protuberates  in  a  continued  bed  oi 
coral,  which  like  a  border  furrounds  the  whole.     This 
is  the  cafe  with  all  the  iflinds    in  the  neighbourhood, 
and  this  invariable  unilbrmity  in  their  conformation  is 
remarkable.    The   country  is  very   fertile,   particularly 
the   plains    where  the  inhabitants  rcfide  ;     it    produces 
bread-fruit,     coooanuts,     bananas    of    thirteen     forts, 
plantains,    and  fruit  nof.    unlike  an    apple,    fweet    po- 
tatoes, (though  not  in  plenty)  a  few  yams    and    fugar- 
canes ;  befidcs  a  numbci:  of  curious  plants,  and  themoft 
of  thefe  the   earth  produc -s  fpontaneouflv^.     They  have 
no  European  fruit,  garden  ftuff,  pulie,  legurns  or  grain 
©f  any  kind;  perhaps  the  bread  fruit  may  deferve  a  par- 
Jicular  defer ip^ 'on.— It   grows   on  a   tree  of  about  the 
f\2A  of  a  middling  oak  with  large  leaves  deeply  finuated, 
and  when  broken  from  the  branch  exubes  a  white  milky 
juice,  the  fruit  is   about  the  fize  of  a   childs  head   and 
nearly  Ibiped   liked   it ;  it  is  covered   with  a  Ikin  the 
furface  of    which    is   r*;ticulated,    and   it   has    a  fmall 
core  J  it  is  quite  white,  xnd  when  roafted  or  boiled  hai 
the  confluence  of  new  wheat-bread,   and  refembles  it 
in  tafte  only  it  is  fweeter.     It  abounds  alfo   (though  in 
no   great  plenty)    with   hogs,    dogs,   and   poultry,   all 
which  arc  tamej    and  upm    the  coafts   are  plenty   of 
fiih. 

The  inhabf'«inis  ar^  of  Uit  largeft  fize  of  Europeans, 
ihe  men  are  tall,  i^iOn,j;  well  limbed  and  fairly  Ihapcd. 
The  women  of  fupptior  rank  among  them  are  alfo  ia 
general  above  our  middle  fize  j  but  thofc  of  the  in- 
ferior rank  are  below  it,  fome  of  them  arc  quite  fmall; 
which dcfcU  inftature  may  piobably  proceed  from  theii 

early 


i 


1  form  being 
e  iflmd  are 
land  either 
t  reach  the 
ued  bed  of 
lole.  This 
;hbourhood» 
formation  is 
particularly- 
it  produces 
teen     forts, 

fweet    po- 

and    fugar« 

ind  the  moft 

The/  have 
irns  or  grain 
fferve  a  par- 
)f  aboui  the 
pl>'  linuated, 
white  milky 
s  head  and 
I  a  Ikin  the 
Fia.i  a  fmall 
»r  boiled  hai 
refembles  it 

(though  in 
poultry,  all 
B  plenty   of 

f  Europ^ni, 

liily  Ihaped. 

are  alfo  io 

of  the  in* 

quite  fmall; 

i  Croin  theii 
early 


I 


4? 


] 


fhich  they  differ  fr( 


larly  commerce  with  the  men  ii 

heir  fuperiors.     Their  complexion  is  a  clear  olive  ot 
Jrunette  and  the  whole  co'.itour  of  the  face  quite  hand-< 
;'(ome,  e:iccept  the  iiofe,  whkh  is  eenerall/   a  little  in- 
^clined  to  be  tiut^   Their  hai*  is  black  andcourfe.   The 
men  have  btards,    but  pluck  the  great  eft  part  of  ihem 
.out  J    they  are  vigorous^  eafy,    graceful   and    liberal  in 
iitheir  deportment,  and  of  a  courteous  hofpitable  dit^Si- 
tion,    but  Ib'-ewd    and  artful.      The    women    cut  th'^ir 
7  hair  Ihort,  and  the  men  wear    theirs  long.    They  huve 
a  cuttom  of  ftaining  their  bodies   in  a  manner  that  is 
^iiniverfal  amon<  all  thofe  illinds,  and  is  called  by  them 
tatowing;  in  doing  this  they  prick  the  /Xin  with  an  in- 
.    ftrument  of  fmall  (harp  bones  which  they  dip  as  occa- 
fion  requires  in  a  bUck    compofition   of  coal-duft   and 
^•'ater,    which  leaves  an  indelibie  ftiin.       The  opera- 
.tion  is  painful,  and  it  is  fome  days  before  the  wound  is 
well. 


Their   cloathing  confifts  of  cloth  made  of  the  inner 
iiind  of  the  ba[k  of  three    iifTerent  kinda  of  trees :   The 
:  Chineft-paper-mulberry,  the  bread-fruit-tree,  ind  a  kind 
ii;of  Wild  fig-tree,  which  in  the  conformation  df  different 
IfiPforts  of   cloth    are  differently  difpofed  of  by  ufing  one 
Xmgly,  or  any  two  or  <ill  of  theui  together.    The  prin- 
^  Wipal    excellencies    of    this  cloth  arc    its  coolnels  ;4nd 
ilbftnefH ;  its  imperfeiUon"*  being  p«ivioiis  to  water    and 
fcafily  torn;  and  they  fometimcs,  efprcially    ifitilwet, 
fwe.r    fine    mats  of    which   they  have  a   gre^tr  variety. 
Thi^  cloth  they  wear  indifferent  waysjuft  an  fancy  Ic^ida 
th<-m,  but  very  feldom  cover   any  p«t  of  liie   body  ex- 
empt  about  the  loins,    and    their  is   little  difference  in 
this  refpeO  either  with  regard  tu  fex  or  condition  unleft 
it  be  in  the    quantity    put  on,  which  is  generally  the 
greatelt  on  the  people  of  fupeiior  rnnkj  neither  do  ihey 
«uvcc  the  i%9tj  01  feldom  the  he^d,  not  this  pait  only 

G  with 


Ml 


i  i  i 


I 


il  ! 


with  a  temporary  kind  of  bonnet  made  in  a  few  minu?»« 
of  palm-tree  leaves,  which  they  tting  away  anhoar  ainn. 
At  one  of  their  heiva'i  indeed  or  on  feme  fuch  cccafion 
when  the  Women  are  drefTed,  they  wear  a  kind  of  turban 
on  the  head  which  they  highly  efttem  ,•  it'  confifts  of 
human  hair  plaited  in  threa<-8,  fcarcely  thicker  than 
fe.ving  filk,  and  is  when  extenuated  fcveral  hundred 
yardi  in  length,  The  children  of  both  ftxei  g*  quite 
naked  until  they  are  four  or  five  yearg  old. 

The  houfet   or  rather  dwellings  of  thefe  people    irt* 
ffmple  ftniOures,  but  have  an  air  of  ncatnefs  and  elegance, 
Mnd  nre  very  wf^U  calculated  for  the  climate  j  they  are 
generally  of  an  oblong  fquare,  and  one  of  a  Jiiiddling 
fize  i«  about  30   fe«t  long   and  10  broad  j   the  io«f  i3 
raifcd  on  three  rows  of  pillows    parellel  to  each  other, 
one  on  rach  tide  and  the  other  in  the  middle  j  the  roof 
rr^nfifts  of  t«vo  Hat  ficlcs   terminating  in  a  ridge,  and  ii 
tluiched  with  palm-leave»j  t-he  Hoor  is  Covered  with  dry  t 
grafs,  over   which  is    fpread  matts,   on  which  they  fil 
by  day  and  lleep  by  niftht,  andcvtry   thing  isprcferv- 
rd  exceedingly  neat. 

•The  food  of  the  inhabitnnts  is  much  thegreateft  pirt 
of  it  vegetables,  of  which  the  bread-fruit  forms  the  prin- 
cipal part  Thechiff*  eit  but  little  pork,  thecommonal- 
ly  lefs  and  the  wonico  none,  unlefs  by  ftealth,  Dogj 
and  fowls  are  their  moft  frequent  dilli,  and  the  do^^i 
•?re  preferable  to  their  fowls;  they  are  indeed  a  very 
fine  dilli,  efi>ecinlly  cooked  in  their  way.  The  proc^fj 
«  Is  limply  this,  whilp  the  animal  is  drrlfmg  they  dig  a 
hole  about  two  feet  deep,  in  which  they  kindle  a  fire 
and  hear  a  quantity  of  itoncs,  when  they  are  fufticicnt- 
ly  boated  thoy  take  out  about  half  of  them  leaving  the 
tfiil  to  Cover  the  bottom  of  the  holt,  the  dog  whcp 
cle^nal  and  drtifcd  is  wiaped  up  with  fcveul  folds  of 
f  gr«ftn 


fl 


51 


a  few  minu'rej 
ran  hour  aitir. 
I  fuch  cccafion 
kind  of  turban 
it  confifts  of 
r  thicker  than 
iveral  hundred 
>xei  gft  quite 
M. 

ife  people    art 

and  elegance^ 

ate  ;  they  are 

oi  a  Jiiiddling 

j   the  io«f  i) 

to  each  other . 

idle  \  the  rocf 

ridge,  and  it 

vered  with  dry* 

^hich  ther  fi; 

ng  is  preferv- 


greateft  pirt 
01  ms  the  prin- 
he  common  a  1- 
^cfllth.  Dog! 
and  the  do^^j 
indeed  a  very 
The  proccfs 
g  they  diK  1 
kindle  a  iir? 
are  fufticicnt- 
m  leaving  the 
dog  \^hcn 
^eul  t'ulda  o( 
gr9«T\ 


"green  plantain  leaves  and  laid  in  the  hole,  then  th» 
(remainder  of  the  ftones  are  hid  around  it  and  the  lighted 

of  them  upon  the  top  of  it,  then  another  quantity  of  leavea 
I  are  laid  thick  over  the  v\hole,  and  laft  of  all  the  whole 

ia  covered  over  with  the  mould.    If  the  animal  ialarg^ 

,*it  will  remain  two   hours,  if  fmaller  a  lefs  time  before 

^M  it  is  prrpared.     Thii  is  the   only  method  they  have  of 

^icookipg    iheir  food,   whether   tlelli,    fifh,  fowl  or  fruit; 

'i'but  the  imaller  fiih  are  cat  raw,  and  falt-watcr  ia  their 

only  fa  uce. 


ki+f 


'11 


f    For  drink   they   have  in   general  nothing    but  water 
or  cocoanut-milk  :     But   they    moftly   ufe    water    only,    ' 
They  have  a   drink  comprelfed  from  the  rootcfa  plant 
they  call  ava  ;  but  this  rather  Itupifies  than  exhileratea 
hho'jgh  it  ia  ufed  by    them  as  a  fnirituous  drink:    Thia 
however  is  feldom  drank  by  the  j^oorfort,  and  never  by 
the  women,  unlefs  very   fecietly.     They  are  neat  both 
■in  cooVing  and   in  eating    almoft  io  an  extreme.     The 
;|nen  and  women  never  eat  together,    though  it  be  huf- 
band  and  wife,  nor  do  the  men  generally  eat  out  of  the 
fnine  dilU:    I'hey  eat  with  great  voiacity  though  they 
■Comume    but  a  moderate  quantity,  and  notwithft'Jnding 
their   mouths  are  crammed  49  full  as   they  can  contain, 
yet    are    they    very    converfible   and    full    of    talk    at 
their  reals.    Preparatory  to  all  th^ir  meals  it  is  a  cu-  '^' 
ftoni  to  lay  afide  a  little  modicum  ofwhat  they  are  eat- 
ing in  fome  by-place  w  (hey  do  at  an  offering  to 
their  god  or  gods.      After  me^ls  at  mid-day  th<» '  f;en«- 

J'^lly    Ueep ;    indeed    the  are  cauemely  indolent,    and 
iecping  and  eating  is  almoft  all  they  do. 

Their  amufcuients  are  mufic,  dancing,  wrertling  and!  * 
oxin^,  all  which  are  like   thofc  at  Ton^^otaboo. 

The  Irjnguage  at  Otaheitee  is  the  fime  tha^  is  fpoken 

ifoiygKout  all  the  fouth-fea  iflnndi,  and  w*il  therefore 

'  )  icrte 


* 


.»v 


•*  "^^!^3ry 


1'     I 


'1!» 


,  ' 


.»ii 


frrvc  a«  a  fFccimen  for  the  whole ;  but  how  it  flioulj . 
equally  correfpond  with  thnt  of  New-ZealJiod  is  ftil] 
moieifniiirkable,  and  I  have  on  that  account  added  a  co- 
lumn of  the  New-Zcahnd  languj^ge  oppofite  to  iliat 
which  contains  the  Otaheitee  language  f  the  words  in  ^ 
each  column  have  theii  fignification  cxpiefTcd  in  Engiifti 
in  a  third  column. 


Otaheite. 

Farec 
Taata 
Ivahine 
F.iipo 
Rooarooa 
I'errea 
Er^i 
Mita 
Pwparea 
Ahcw 
Ouiou 
Tnhei 
.  Kua 
Tor  06 
Hea 
Rema ' ' 
Ono 

^ctu 

Warou 

Hcva 

Ahowrow. 


New-Zealand. 

Enrpcte 

Tea  ta 

W.1  hi  nee 

Eupo 

Mncauwce 

Teriinga 

E.ai 

IMata 

^ip.iringa 

Ahew 

H.'ngoutow 

Tihr-i 

Bua 

Toion 

Ka 

Remii 

Ono 

Warou 
Iva 

Angahourow 


EnglKK 

A  Chief 
A  Man 
A  Woman 
The  Head 
The  Hair 
The  Ear 
The  Frrehea«l 
The  Evv-s 
The  Chteks 
'Ihc  Nofe 
The  Mouth 
One 
Two 
Three 
Four 
Fiv« 
Six 

»^even 
Eixht 
Nine 
Ten. 


By  this  fpecinifn  without  adding  a  great  number  n! 
worHi  it  ap^cus  to  d«monftration  that  thefe  two  l;jn- 
guagen  were  Tboiigiualiy  the  fame  and  will  have  in 
influence  in  fuppoiting  the  conclufion  that  thf:  ptovlt 
whomake  ufft  of  it  were  alfo  originally  the  fame. — Thit 
the  inhabitantu  of  the  fouth  fea  illands  aie  the  faim 
people  with  each  other  and  all  ^eiived  from  the  fame  cos*! 
mon  fouice  is  btyond  doubt,  but  fiom  what  fource  \n  yet 

.    dificult 


t 


53 


1 


how    it  ftiouli 
ealaod  is    ftilll 
ant  added  a  co< 
ppofite  to  iliai! 
the  words  in 
sffed  in  Engliftii 


Engli(K 

A  Chief 

A  Man 

A  Woman 

The  Head 

The  Hair 

The  Ear 

The  Fr reheat 

The  Evv-K 

The  Chteka 

Uho  Note 

The  MoutU 

One 

Two 

Three 

Four 

Viv« 

Six 

»^fivcn 

FiKht 

Nine 

Ten. 

yrcat  number  n( 
thefe  two  Ian- 
I  will  have  in 
hat  the  people 
le  fame. — 1  h»t 
aie  the  faux 
m  the  fame  cus*! 
at  fource  in  yet 
.   dijlicult 


)de. 


»ur  to  determine 
the  qufftfiA  V  reafons  lounded  on  the  analogy  of  Ian- 
j{uai;e,  as  vi^ell  a« manners  we  Ihali  moft  certainly  con* 
clucie  that  they  all  originally  came  from  the  weftward, 
that  is,  from  Affia  ;  but  it  we  give  due  weight  to  the 
thuufand  adventitious  circumftances  that  attend  a  for- 
tuitous emigration  as  well  as  the  moie  folid  and  rati- 
onal conlideration  of  the  fituation  of  thofe  ifles,  particu* 
larly  refpeOing  the  wind?,  as  well  ns  a  variety  c(  othef 
caufes,  it  is  aa  probable  and  peihap^ morefo  they  came 
from  the  eiftward,  which  ia  America.  It  opens  a  wide 
field  for  fprcuUtion  however,  and  as  the  objeft  refpc£^i 
the  wayn  of  Gotl  to  man  upon  a  large  fcalc  of  enquiry, 
men  of  every  call  vill  purfue  it  with  equal  curiofity.  I 
never  invite  th«  mifanihropift  to  the  curious  enquiry, 
but  peihaps  fome  future  occurreoces  my  elucidate  lh« 
matter* 

As  to  the  religion,  laws  and  govt^nment  of  the  ptopU 
.Tiu'jh  has  been  faid  ?bout  them  by  former  voyigerf, 
and  in  truth  too  much,  efpecially  about  their  religion 
which  they  are  not  fond  of  difcoveiing,  and  thcrefort 
when  urged  on  the  matter  have  often  rather  than  dit» 
pleafe  thofe  who  made  the  enquiry  told  not  only  differ- 
ent accounts,  but  fuch  as  weie  utterly  inconfiftent  with 
what  we  knew  to  be  true  from  occular  demonflration. 
They  affurcd  us  for  inftaifce  that  they  never  faaiBced 
human  bodies,  btit  an  accident  happened  that  contra* 
di^ed  it  and  gave  us  the  full  proof  of  it,  its  operation 
and  its  defign  t  which  were  the  fame  as  I  have  mentioned 
aiSindwich  Ifl  ands,  and  was  an  oblation  to  the  God  of 
war  made  previous  to  that  undertaking.  In  fhort  the 
only  Handard  that  feems  juftifiable  to  judge  by  is  what 
wefaw  pra^iced,  that  was  obvious  and  the  infercncea 
that  naturally  followed  could  not  well  be  nifi«i4«Aood. 


J  'i        '  ■ 


i?? 


T 


^«  '\r  , 


They 

i  0  . 1 


::k-*j:^eM^,ju.Mi6Ag.i*j:;»:.MiAMi,  avu« 


I   I 


m 


''iH 


M  I 


'lIlliH^" 


<m\ 


!  I 


t 


54 


1 


,  They  bdieve  the  immortality  of  the  fauj  atleaft  its 
exiftcnce  in  a  fcperatc  ftate:  But  how  Jijt^n^^iiti,  whe- 
ther at  a  mere  Tpiritual  fubftHncc  or  whether,  it  is  united 
again  to  a  corporeal  orma  ferial  form,  and  what  foim  is  un- 
certain \  it  U  fuppofed  they  hav2  notions  of  tranfiiiigia- 
tiop;  our  con  eOurr^s  originate  from  obferving  that  uni- 
vcxfal,  conftant  and  u-'iform  regard  which  they  pay  in  a 
greater  or  Icfs  degree  j  every  fpccies  of  fubordimte  be- 
ing, even  to  the  minuteft  infe«^  arid  ihemoft  infi;2;nificant 
reptile.  This  was  never  efteemed  a  philofophical  fenti- 
ment,  or  a  mere  diOate  of  nature,  bccaUfe  the  p«*opJe 
w^o  cnteiiain  thefe  notions  are  not  led  toembr?cc  ihem 
from  the  unbiaffed  impulfes  of  nature,which  would  lead 
them  to  regard  their  own  fpecies  more  than  thofe  of  any 
©ther.  It  muft  therefore  be  from  other  motives,  and  know 
•f  none  fo  probable  aa  religion  or  fuperftition,  which 
are  indeed  fynononv>u8  terms  when  applied  to  thefe  peo- 
ple, befides  it  is  well  known  to  h^ve  been  a  religious 
£<6atiment  ftmnng  many  other  people  both  ancient  and 
aodurn  who  claim  the  appellation  of  civilized.  It  exilia 
now  aonong  feveral  Afiatic  fe^s  both  eaft  and  weft  of 
the  Ganges  particularly  among  the  fiangans  fo  called  . 
from  abftaining  from  the  ufe  of  all  animal  food:  It  is 
well  known  that  fome  tribes  in  Afia  have  built  hof. 
pitals  for  certain  fpecies  of  fubotdinate  beings. 

The  dtaheiteant  do  indi^  eat  animal  (ie(\i;  Eut  it 
if  oertain  they  do  not  allow  \heir  women  to  eat  much 
•f  it,  and  that  cither  do  hot  urtweifally  eat  of  it  :  We 
Ynow  of  two  certain  inftanccs  wherein  they  do  not, 
end  thofls  rcfpeO  two  birds:  The  Kingfiiber  and  the 
Heron t  They  are  befides  very  obfcivant  of  the  man- 
ner in  which  they  kill  (he  animals  they  do  make  ufe 
^,  endeavoring  to  mitigate  the  p^ngs  ef  the  dying  ani- 
Hiei,  aod  alio  tt  foften  the  a£t  that  deprives  it  of  life : 
For  which  purpofe  they  ftrangle  or  diown  them,  and 
having  prcvio  jfly  difpofed  of  the  animal  fo  as  they  are 
fuic  it  will  die— they  run  out  of   fight,    and   leave  it 

until 


;\  M 


i' 


t 


5S 


r?c5  ihem 
rould  lead 
jfe  of  any 
and  know 
n,   which 
thefe  peo- 
{ religious 
icient  and 
It  exiils 
4  weft  of 
fo  called 
od:    It  ia 
built  hof. 


Eut  it 
eat  much 
fit:  W« 
do  not, 
r  and  the 
the  inan- 
luake  ufft 
lying  ani- 
it  of  life  : 
icm,  and 
they  are 
leave  it 
until 


I 


until  expired.    In  othtr  refpee^sihey  extend  tfrMtegiid 
ftill  further:  There  arc  a  great  many  rat*  about  their 
dwellings,  but  though  a  rat  Ihould  fteal  iftto  one o^tlieif ' 
dilhes  of  food  and  dcftroy  it,  or  (hould  thry  eat  theit ' 
cloath  or  do  any  other  ofihofe  mifchc^ious  friclw  they- 
jire  addi£^ed  to,  and  fhould  they  catch  him  in  the  faft 
he  would  only   fignify  his   difpJcafure    by  waving  hw- 
hand  to  it  very  friendly  and  politely  to  be  gone,    and 
when  they   are    ftung  by  a  fly  oi  rauflceto  they  tjrly 
fiighten  it  away. 


If  the  fyftem  of  tranfiuigration  fonnt  any  part  9i  tW 
Otaheitean  religion,   it  is   likly   to    compoli  i    con&«n 
derable  part,  if  not  the  whole  of  it ,-   if  it  can  be  r«diwi 
cedto  any  fyftem  at  all.    One  argument  it  its  univer&i 
ality  and  ftriO  obfervance  among  the  ppople,  a  ltd  »ao»» 
ther  is,  that  all  the  cuftoma  of  mankind  appcqr  to  bt< 
derivative  and  traditionary,    and  that  this  fentiiattnt  i« 
religion  exifts  in  Afia,  from  whence    it  13   prebabla  it 
«migrai:d   with    the  peoo'e,    and   that  this  fentimont, 
where  it  does  exift,  and  orii^inally  rh'd  exift,    does,    and 
origin:)] I y  did  form  a  fyftem  a.^  nMterially  diftin^l  fuMQ 
any  other  as  fyftrms   generally  are   and  perhaps  mor^T 
(b  as  the  combination  of  thole  fentinncnte   which  foraii< 
it  were  when  primarily  promulgated  the  noft  wtld  ftif 
tiful,  innocent,  mifchievous,  fubtile,  and  therefore  the 
noft   curious  opinions  that   ever  entered  the    head  oC 
that  child  of  contradiOions,  fo  well  known  hy  the  name 
•f  Man  to  Conceive  of:  Why»  what  ama ling  quantitiet 
of  beef,  mutton,  poik  and  fowl  hath  it  faved  in  Indo* 
i^an;  and  on  the  other  hand  how  hath  it  increafed  thl^ 
frolific  generation  of  Hies,  mufquetos,  batt.i,  tarantuUs,. 
u>ada  and  fnak^sr   Arc  not    the  plains  of  Sianr,    Hogii; 
and  Aracan  rendtred  the  moft  deicUahle  fputi^a  •tfth 

by  it? 

•  •  ••  *  it    ■ 

They 


i 


ti 

I  '■ 


i    n 


\.. 


.*«w*«*;**4,fe(ttB, 


'fwmmm 


ai'''Mi's:.i»>iw.w^ 


I       i 


1  >n 


^1:1 


lii 


^ 


C         5^         1 

^  They  have  other  religious  ciiftoms  that  an  plainlr  in- 
dicate their  fource  as  this,  but  they  are  fimple,  de- 
tached, individiial  and  various  j  they  feem  to  be  frag- 
ments of  many  different  theories:  To  unite  them  if 
poffibie,  would  difcover  their  abfurdity,  and  they  feem 
to  be  kept  by  the  priefts  for  charge:  circumcifion  is 
me  of  them;  though  in  Hawkefworth's  compilation  of 
a  former  voyage  it  is  faid  not  to  be  a  religious  cuftom  : 
Bnt  if  Cook  had  then  taken  it  for  granted  that  the 
Otaheitsans  were  the  greateft  lyars  on  earth  efpecial- 
ly  when  queried  about  their  religion  he  would  not  have 
believed  their  report  and  to  fay  that  the  prepuce  of  the 
nale  was  abfcinded  merely  from  motives  of  cjeanli- 
Befa  was  to  fay  nothing  even  fuppofe  it  had  that  effefi. 
If  it  had  been  enjoined  the  Otahciteans  to  cut  of  their 
tx>fet  for  religion  fake,  and  they  had  faid  the  amputa- 
tion waa  from  motives  o£  cleanlinefs,  the  ftory  would 
have  been  much  more  plaufible :  And  as  for  the  par- 
ticular form  of  the  incifion,  it  is  not  fo  different  from  that 
now  ufcd  among  the  Jews,  as  theirs  may  be  from  the 
form  of  the  operation  by  father  Abraham?  Befides,  they 
have  the  finelt  inllruments  to  perform  the  ceremony  and 
the  Otaheitean  has  only  an  oyftp^'-lhell  j  and  the  mem-; 
ber  is  a  delicate,  a  nervous  cl  fenfible  member.  Sa- 
crificing is  another  of  thofe  religious  ceremonies  that 
is  iQCompa table  with  the  fyi  jm  of  tranfmigration,  and 
indeed  as  the  oblation  confifts  of  a  human  being  it  is 
different  from  any  civilized  u'uage,  is  a  folitary  wan- 
dering barbarous  cuftom,  and  is  therefore  found  no 
where  but  ;imong  a  detached  and  fcaitered  people,  and 
though  always  found  there  does  not  appear  to  be  com- 
prized in  any  cods  or  fyftem  of  other  cuftoms  where  we 
find  fuch;  which  indeed  is  feidom  as  the  inftance  of 
tra|i(iQBigration  here.    .     .  *.    .  .   .     .•:;:':         '  •. 

Their   ^ 


I 


57 


1 


Thei*:  notions  of  a  dtity  and  the  fpeculative  part« 
of  their  religion  is  involved  even  among  thetnfelves  in 
niyftery  and  perplexed  with  inconfiftences,  and  their 
priefts  who  alone  pretend  to  be  informed  of  it  have  by 
their  own  induftrious  fabrications  and  the  addition  of 
its  traditionary  fables  rolled  themfielvea  up  in  endlefs 
mazes  and  inextricable  laby^ritoths  :  None  of  them  a^X 
alike  in  their  ceremonies  and  none  of  them  narrate  alike 
when  enquired  off  coneerning  the  matter :  therefore 
what  they  conceive  refpe^ing  a  Got  we  cannot  tell; 
though  we  conclude  upon  the  whole  that  they  worfti*  i 
one  great  Supreme,  the  author  and  governor  of  all  things, 
but  theie  feems  to  be  fuch  a  rtring  of  fubordinate  god« 
intervening  between  him  and  the  leaft  of  thofe,  and  the 
charaf^ers  of  the  whole  fo  contrafting,  whimfical,  ab- 
furd  andridiculous  that  their  mythology  is  very  droll,  and 
reprefents  the  very  belt  of  the  group  no  better  than  a  har- 
lequin. 

The  government  at  Otaheite  refembles  the  early  f^ate 
of  every  government,,  which  in  '<in  uniir, proved  and  un- 
refined ftate,  is  ever  a  kind  of  feuu  fyltcm  o^  fubor- 
dinntion:  Securing  licentious  libert>  to  a  few,  and  a 
dependant  fervility  to  the  reft.  Ottiheite,  as  I  have 
had  occafion  to  obferve  before,  confilts  of  two  penin- 
fulas,  each  of  thefe  are  prefided  over  by  chiefs  they  dif- 
tinguilh  by  an  appellation,  iignifying  the  great  chief, 
and  this  is  the  fiift  order  among  them  :  The  leiTer  di- 
vifion  of  the  illand  conrifts  of  circles  or  diftii^.ts  of  which 
'  e  are  in  the  whole  about  one  hundred:  Over  each 
-  thofe  diftriOs  a  chief  prefides,  whom  they  call  chief 
without  the  artlxa,  Great:  Thif  conftitutes  the  fecond 
order:  The  third  order  are  thofe  who  occupy  and  im» 
prove  certain  portions  of  land  in  each  diftrif^,  for  which 
he  is  accountable  to  the  chief  of  the  diftriO :  He  is  ^ 
kind  of  tenant.  The  fourth  order  are  thofe  who  lab-.r 
^d  cultivate  the  land  and  do  other  feivices  under  the 

H  ..  »  i^nt. 


t*<.; 


t*. 


* ' » -■ 


.JPN. 


-'«''^^^^'^^'-n*''fH'timfiiiaiiiirtr--ii  ifiiiif .  - 


I 


w  i 


N  / 


IS 


^ 


«^.< 


t       s«       ] 


tenant,  which  conlUtutes  the  fifth  and  hft  order.  The 
priefls  are  chiefs  by  rank  though  they  do  not  immedi' 
ately  intermeddle  in  the  civil  department. 

One  Otoo  was  fupreme  chief  of  the  northern  penin- 
fula,  and  v^as  i^ofTeffed  of  the  government  by  a  colla- 
teral ri;<ht  Wd  predeceiTor  the  amourous  queen  Oberea 
dying  without  ilfue :  The  fupreme  chief  is  by  every  bo- 
dy much  refpeOed  and  reverenced  :  But  he  did  not  ap- 
peir  to  me  to  hold  any  particular  power  without  his 
own  diftri«L\  any  more  than  the  oth«r,  except  in  thefe 
two  inllances,  which  ate  a  negative  lefpe^ing  war  and 
rcrpeOing  peace. 

With  regard  to  diftributive  juflicc  and  the  inoftenlible 
parts  of  their  government  we  are  little  imformed  j 
but  it  cannot  be  fuppofed  to  be  very  regular.  There  is  ap- 
parently but  little  oppoiition  of  interelt,  andevery  defire 
and  every  appetite  being  eaiily  gratified  iheit  cannot  be 

Hi.Jny  crimes. 

« 

We  left  at  this  iflinl  two  cows  and  a  ball,  two  ewe  << 
;incl  a  ram,  a  pnir  of  goats,  feveral  pair  of  gsefe,  and 
a  threat  variety  of  Europeiin  (tte^U^  which  we  plantcdj 
and   while  we  Hayed  took  care   of. 

'  On  the  2  ;th  of  September  we  came  to  Hiil,  leaving 
Utahciie.     And, 

^On  the  ?oth  anchored  in  a  fine  bay  at  the  ifland 
called  by  the  n«ilives  Im  lyo,  where  we  continued  until 
the  1  2th  of  00(d)t!r,  and  piocurcd  a  conildetable  ad- 
dition to  our  Hock  of  provillons.  From  hence  we  pro- 
ceeded to  the  ill-ind  of  ilueheine,  where  we  arrived  and 
came  to  anchor  in  a  bay  on  the  ealt  tide  of  the  illm^^ 
•n  the  1 3th. 

-  On  the  14th  finding  our  '-'rthfoulwc  hove  up,  warped 
uearcr  in  Ihore  anil  io«k  frelli  mooring*.  "      ^i 


[ 


59 


] 


-^ 


Aathis  wasthe  native  ifland  of  Omai  and  where  he  wiis 
finally  to  be  left^  and  propofing  to  remain  at  it  fom*^ 
time  on  that  account  particularly,  we  fent  the  fcnls  on 
lliore  with  the  ufual  guards,  Omai  hnd  ever  fince  our 
arrival  among  thefe  iflesb-en  declining  not  only  in  our 
eftimation  but  in  the  opinions  of  the  na  lives,  atnong  whom 
he  was  envied  for  underferved  riches  and  dffpifed  for  hi» 
obfcuie  birth  and  impudent  pretentions  to  rule  and  C(;m- 
m^md,  in  ihort  his  ignorance  2nd  vanity  were  infupport- 
ab.e. 

Captain  Cook*  however,  was  determined  to  fupport 
him  while  under  his  care,  and  Icive  him  in  as  happy 
a  fituatiun  after  hewasgme  a^prflible;  he  Piccordingly 
purchafed  about  an  acre  and  a  half  of  the  beft  ground,  of 
the  chiels,  for  which  he  gave  them  the  ufual  articles  of 
trnffic — axes,  hatchets,  faws  nails,  knives,  8cc.  and  this 
he  circumfcribed  with  a  deep  ditch,  hovejup  the  ground 
within, and  laid  part  of  it  out  in  a  garden,  wherein  were 
planted  and  Town  a  variety  of  European  gardtn  fcj^H; 
and  upon  the  corner  of  the  gaiden  fronting  the  beach 
he  built  him  a  fmall  houfe,  or  rather  box,  for  it  wa?  " 
cliiefly  meant  only  to  preferve  his  effeOs  from  the  ra- 
vages of  the  people  he  was  to  be  left  among  ;  it  was  about 
20  feet  by  15,  compofed  of  a  llight  frnme  and  covered 
with  boards  we  fawed  in  the  country;  tliere  was  no  iron 
work  about  it  for  fear  thatfhould  be  a  temptation  to  the  -f- 
natives  to  hurt  the  edifice  on  that  account;  it  took  2^ 
dayii  to  build  it  from  the  materials  we^niadeufe  of,  and 
when  finilhed  all  Omai's  ('.fie.Ci^  were  put  into  it,  and  he 
went  on  lliore  and  took  poffeflion  of  it.  Cook  alfo  left 
the  two  New-Zealand  boys  here  as  companions  and  fer- 
vants  to  Omai.  we  alfo  left  him  a  horfe  and  mare,  a 
«ow  wiih  calf,  (heep,  goats,  turkies,  ge^fe,  a  pair  of 
rabbits,  a  monkey  and  two  cats. 


1 

1 

1 

•    ^"'fl 

:'    'f  Ti 

•A 

1 

I  I'i 


!     to 

'1 


I 


Oh 


V*^' 


«^ 


c 


60 


1 


On  the  fiift  of  November  being  re^idy  to  fail  Capt, 
Cook  inade  an  entertainment  in  behalf  of  Omai  at  his  lit- 
tle houfe,  and  in  order  to  recommend  him  ft  ill  further 
to  the  chiefs  of  the  ifland  invited  them  alfo  j  eveiy  body 
enjoyed  themfelves  but  Omai  who  grew  moie  dejedUd  as 
the  time  cf^his  taking  his  leave  of  us  forever  approached 
the  nearer,  and  when  he  came  finally  to  bid  adieu  the 
fcene  was  very  affetting  to  the  whole  Company.  It  is 
certainly  to  be  lamented  that  Omni  will  never  be  of  any 
fervic«  to  his  country  from  his  travels,  but  perhaps  will 
render  them  and  himfelf  too  the  more  unhappy. 

On  the  td,  after  getting  every  thing  on  board,  we  left 
the  bay  under  an  eafy  fail,  and  fa  luted  Omai  with  feveral 
guns  as  our  lafl  adieu,  and  at  the  fame  time  to  imprefs 
an  idea  of  our  greatnefson  the  natives  and  the  confequence 
of  ourrefentments  fliould  they  hurt  Omai  after  our  depar- 
ture. 


On  the  3d  of  November  %ve  reach  th«  ifland  of  Ulie- 
tea.  And, 

On  the  4th  entered  a  deep  bay  in  that  ifland  and 
cam«  to  an  anchor  clofe  in  with  the  Ihore. 

We  continued  at  Ulietea  near  a  month,  and  were  ge- 
nerally employed  in  augmenting  fume  part  of  our  ftores 
or  adding  to  our  provifions  which  was  one  great  concern 
as  this  was  thelaft  of  thefc  happy  iflands  we  fliould  touch 
at  for  provifions,  and  where  we  fliould  procure  our  next 
fupply  we  knew  notj  we  had  ever  fince  our  arrival  at 
the  Friendly- Ifl.Tnds  to  this  time,  including  nine  months, 
j^t  no  kind  of  the  flups  provifion«,  and  had  added  to  this 
lalvage  about  nine  months  fupply  of  pork  mote,  and  two 
or  three  of  yams  and  plantains,  to  which  we  had  become 
fo  habituated  that  we  had  in  a  manner  loft  the  reliih  of 
oyi  biiket, efpccially  when  we  could  get  breadfruit. 

A3 


I        6i        1 

As  we  were  now  about  to  take  leave  of  thciJe  iflinds  fe- 
veral  of  our  people  who  had  been  waiting  for  the  op- 
pertunity  to  make  their  efcape  andrtay  behind  us,  began 
to  put  their  refolutions  into  execution.  Tlie  firfk  wa«  one 
of  the  marines  who  quit  his  poft  when  on  centry  at  the 
tents  about  midnight  and  went  off  with  hismiftrei^i  the 
confequence  of  this  was,  that  armed  boats  were  fent 
round  the  iHand  in  fearch  of  him  j  they  W€re  gone  two 
days  before  they  found  him,  and  he  was  betrayed  by 
powerful  prefents  to  thofe  who  knew  where  he  was,  or 
he  would  never  have  been  found:  he  had  quitted  hismiti- 
tary  garb  and  ai^imed  the  drefsof  the  country,  and  when 
taken  was  fiting  with  his  girl,  who  was  dreffing  his  head 
with  Howersin  the  houfeof  her  parents.  Shewas  a  wo- 
man of  good  and  numerous  connexions,  and  when  the 
found  thedefperate  fituation  of  her  dear  fbldier  iheiiew 
into  the  woods  and  coUeOed  a  body  of  her  male  friends 
to  ^(Tift  her  in  refcuing  him  from  the  hands  ofi^his  enemies, 
and  in  fa£l  would  have  done  it  had  we  not  haiied  with 
the  prifoner  to  the  boats,  wheie  we  had  hardly  arrived 
before  two  hundred  and  more  appeared  all  armed  Coming 
down  the  Hills:  the  young  lad  bote  the  fate  he  anticipated 
with  fortitude;  though  he  lamented  the  lofsof  his  lover. 
He  was  confined  at  his  return  and  expe£\ed  a  very  fevere 
punifliment,  but  it  did  not  happen  fo,  and  his  remark- 
able good  character  finally  excufed  him. 

This  circumftance  added  to  fome  private  hints  alarmed 
Cook,  and  fearing  as  his  departure  grew  nearer  that  hi» 
men  might  go  off  in  a  boOy,  it  determined  him  imme- 
diately to  hawl  off  and  lay  at  an  achor  in  the  middle 
of  the  bay,  where  the  means  of  efcape  would  b«  lefs 
practicable,  but  the  very  night  before  this  took  placfhne 
of  the  midihipmen  and  a  gunnei'smate  from  the  Difcovery 
abfented  themfelves;  this  was  ilill  more  alarming,  and 
as  foon  as  the  (hips  were  removed  out  into  the  bay.  Cook 
confined  th«  fon  and  daughter  by  marriage,  of  the  chief 


i^'<¥n 


t ;  1 


1:*^ 


f 

1^^  fm 


)} 


II,  .•  t 


'I 


1-  iP^ 


ft;  ■"'  ''i 


Ij 


,j* 


^^m 


*  >, 


tiiiMmm'aBTmm 


"--N^_ 


I 


62 


1 


iin; 


,n*': 


I,  w 


.11 


of  the  ifiand,  onbopsrd  the  Difcovery,  nnd  then  publillifd 
his  reafors  for  doing  it  to  tl  epccpie,  and  defired  them  to 
inform  the  father  of  the  yount?  pri<,jner8  and  other  chiefs, 
that  unlefs  they  returned  the  deferters  tF  y  ihould  never 
mote  fee  their  young  prince  or  his  partn'n,  heat  the  fame 
timeofTered  largepremiums  to  thofe  who  Ihould  brin,'',  them 
back,  for  it  wasfnund  that  we  could  not  intercft  ourfehes 
in  the  purfuit  of  them,  being  convinced  the/  weienrt 
upon  the  ifland.  Thefe  meafures  we;c  calculated  to  in- 
fluence boththtt  chiefs  and  ♦he  people,  the  iffet^jon-  of 
thvi  foimer  and  the  interefts  oi  both  ,•  but  afiei  wiiimg 
ffveral  days  to  no  purpofe,  nnd  being  anxious  to  i:ep?rt, 
Cook  applied  himfelf  to  another  ftratngem  -He  g<ive 
out  that  fince  he  could  not  obt;iin  his  jeopie,  and  not 
being  willing  th;«t  the  innocent  c;.ptive«  he  had  on  boaid 
lliould  fo  dearly  fuffei  for  the  tranfjajreffions  ol  his  peo- 
ple, he  had  dvitermined  to  deliver  them  from  theii  con- 
tinemcnr,  and  as  he  Ihould  then  take  his  final  farewel  of 
them,  and  wanted  to  lea\e  them  upon  friendly  teims,  in- 
vited the  chiefs  and  people,  '.s  many  as  would,  to  pay 
h«m  a  vifit,  and  bring  if  they  had  any  thing  to  market, 
for  which  theyftiould  receive  a  good  price,  and  that  the 
whole  ihould  end  with  a  giand  hfiva  on  our  part;  this 
took,  and  the  next  day  nfter  it  ilTusd  we  were  vifited 
by  people  of  all  denomlnatii  ns  from  diffeient  p.^rts  of 
ihe  ifland:  The  chitis,  particularly  the  father  of  the 
young  captives  were  in  raptures,  and  their  lirft  inter- 
view was  cxtiemeiy  «iffe»^ing  ;  nothing  was  fe«n  or  heaid 
«n  board  the  fliip*  and  in  the  canoes  but  fliouts  of  joy 
and  merriment.  Cook  as  foor;  as  he  faw  the  provifions 
pretty  well  purchafed  up  and  the  people  beginning  to 
difperfe  hove  out  a  private  fignal  to  the  Difcovery  and 
the  boats  were  all  inttantly  out  manned,  armed  and  re- 
gularly detached  in  different  pflrts  of  the  bay;  this  ap- 
pearance alarmed  the  iiatives,  and  thry  betook  them- 
lelvea  to  flight,  and  to  complex;  the  alarm  and  inform 
\    ;   ♦  .-    -  -       th« 


■1' 


■*!l^.^ 


[         ^3         ] 


V" 


boats  without  to  begin  their  duty  one  of  the  cannon 
w?.^  fir«d;  this  produced  the  defired  confufion,  andter- 
n'n  iifd  in  the  capture  of  iilmoft  every  can«e,  and  in  the 
impr  fonment  of  all  the  chiefs  on  board  eachfhip.  The 
prcat  chief  now  found  the  meafure  of  his  misfortunes  to 
be  compleat,  and  abfotbed  in  grief  fell  ujpj^n  his  children 
2nd  fwooned  upon  their  necks.  I  would  not  hav«;  been 
the  author  of  fuch  grief  for  two  defer ters.  As  foon  as 
this  tunriultuous  feene  had  a  little  fubfided  Cook  inform- 
ed them  that  he  would  never  rf'leafe  either  of  them  or 
the  canoes  that  were  taken  or  the  people  in  them  until 
helhould  recover  his  two  fugatives.  It  was  loo  late  to 
temporize  or  evade  in  the  matter.  The  «:reat  chief  im- 
mediately informed  Cook  that  if  he  would  let  any  four 
of  the  chiefs  then  prefentgo  as  he  fhould  order  he  would 
endeavour  to  get  his  men,  but  declared  he  was  afraid 
he  never  fhould,  for  he  fa  id  they  were  gone  to  the  iflinj 
Bolabola  whether  he  was  afraid  to  purfue  them,  but  added 
that  he  would  fend  to  the  chief  of  Kolabola  and  get  hia 
ennfent  if  he  could;  this  accordingly  done,  and  Cook  " 
taking  advantage  r  r  every  circumftance,  fent  by  the  fame 
chiefs  a  fmall  pref^nt  to  the  chief  of  Holibnla  accompani- 
ed by  a  th  e.it  that  if  he  did  not  aid  and  afTiil  in  procuring 
his  men,  that  he  wouid  come  with  his Ihips  and  deftroy  him  . 
and  his  people  without  mercy.  In  the  mean  time  Cook 
took  care  by  every  art  to  mitigate  the  forrow of  his  royal 
captives,  and  make  their  rontinement  ilt  aseafy  as  pclfi- 
hie,  and  finding  it  to  add  too  feniibly  to  the  other  grieft 
•f  the  principal  chief,  to  fee  fo  many  of  the  people  con- 
fined, ordered  them  to  be  liberated,  but  kept  their  > 
canoes,  they  were  ac  ordmgly  all  \tm{  on  Ihore  but  the 
''hiefs.  Two  days  were  elapf^d  and  we  had  no  intelli- 
gence of  the  deferters  or  thofe  that  went  alter  them,  md  • 

4X  Un^th  a   thi'd. 

«       • 

On  the  fourth  however  a  number  of  canoes  were  ftea 
outering  the  bay  ihuuiing  4nd  cxprcfling  ihcixjoy^  and 


!'  If' 


\¥'U 


I*. I 


'■  r 


r 


I 


] 


i\ 


lli: 


39  th«yr  approached  we  faw  with  our  glaffea  our  tw© 
men  bound  hand  and  foot  by  the  Indians :  A  circam- 
ftancc  we  were  p;lad  to  obferve  as  it  extremely  morti- 
fied them  and  difcovered  how  interefting  the  puifuit 
had  been  to  tint  chiefs,  who  went  after  them.  They 
were  no  foone I  brought  on  board  than  the  guard  was 
difmiiTed  and  the  sentinels  taken  of!  over  the  chiefs: 
And  as  they  now  faw  the  real  caufe  of  their  confin- 
ment  at  an  end  they  were  under  no  farther  apprehen- 
lions,  and  were  as  fully  convinced  of  our  future  fiiend- 
ihip  as  if  this  caufe  which  had  interiupted  it  had  ne- 
ver happened. 

This  matter  fo  full  of  danger  and  diftrefs  to  the  whole 
ifland  being  thus  happily  terminated  they  forgot  their 
forrow  and  fpcnt  the  two  remaining  days  with  us  with 
great  chearfulnefs,  which  Cook  heightened  in  many  re- 
fpe£\s,  particularly  by  many  valuable  prefents  among 
the  chiefs:  Particularly  rhe  great  chief,  hi?  fon  and 
daughter,  and  thofe  who  went  after  his  men  that  ab- 
fcnted  themfclves:  To  thefe  he  was  very  liberal. 

Our  deferters  were  taken  at  an  obroure  little  ifland 
N.  E.  of  Bolabola,  diitant  from  that  itland  lo  leagues. 
The  midihipman  was  reduced  and  put  upon  the  forc- 
caftlfi,  the  gunner's  mate  was  reduced  and  puniftied. 

On  the  7th  of  December  we  came  to  fail  and  run 
over  to  Bolabola  to  get  part  of  a  broken  anchor  we 
were  informed  was  there  and  fuppofed  to  be  left  there 
by  Monf.  Bouganville.  This  we  purchaled  of  the  chief 
of  the  ifland  in  order  to  work  up  into  articles  of  tr;ide 
if  future  opportunity  fliould  require  it.  We  left  the 
ifland  of  Bolabola  the  fame  night  fteering  N.  by  fc,,- 
upon  the  trade   blowing  E.  by  R  ^^ 

The  Society-Iflinds  we  reckon  only  eight  in  number 

including Otaheite,  Imaya,  liueheme,  Uietea,  Bolabola, 

_  /     Msuiua, 


t      «s      J 

t 

Maurua,  Tubal  and  Otaha:  The  thwe  laft  we  did  not 
vifit.  The  people,  manners  and  cuftoma  being  the  fanns 
anions  them  all,  I  have  not  treated  of  them  refpe£\iv- 
Ijr,  and  what  is  fa  id  of  Ota  hcite  is  applicable  to  them  all: 
The  firlt  five  are  nearly  of  an  equal  magnitude,  except 
Otaheite  which  is  about  twice  as  lar><e  as  either  of 
»hem.  The  whole  group  takes  in  about  two  dcgrcpa 
oi  latitude,  and  three  of  longitude. 


«' 


On  the  2id  we  croiTed  the  equator.  ' 

On  the  tjd  we  were  by  obfervation  in  lat.  i  north, 
Jongit.  203.  55  caft.  In  the  evening  we  faw  low  land  a- 
kead. 

On  the  Q^th  w«  came  up  with  it  and  anchored  with- 
in a  cables  length  of  the  Ihore.    This  is  a  low,  fmall  K 
ifland,  moftly  a  bed  of  coral  rock,  and   fcarcely   more  , 
than    15  feet   above    the  furface    of  the  watei  in  the.    f 
higheft  part  of  it,  but  as  it  was  our  iirft  difcovery  in   x 
the  northern  hemifphere,  and  produced  us  a  noble  fup-   ( 
ply  of  turtle  we  kept  a   merry  chriftmafs   at  it.      We  j 
caught   above    300  large  turtle   to  one  Ihip .-    But  our  "^ 
people    fuffcred  much  in  their  enterprises  on  fli)re  for* 
this  purpofe  :    The  Difcovery   had  nearly  loft  two  men  is 
ii  them.    Befides  the  great  quantity   of  turtle  upon  thit 
ifland  it  was   covered   with  innumerable   flocks  of  fea-  y 
birds  I    The  (bores  alfo  covered  with  fifh,    particularly  S 
(harkf,    of  which  none  of  us  had  e\er  feen  the  like  ia 
numberf*  .- 

On  the  xft  of  Jnnuary,  X77',  ^^  unmoored  andean* 
tinued  our  courtc  19  ih«  norihward,    ftecring  N.  by  Ii. 

imd  N.  N.  fi. 

Pa  the  X9th  our  lat.  was  ix  ao  north,  longSj^^f 
fli^i   ml  about  two  o'clock  we  diicoveied  lugh  l^.nd, 

I  bcaiit^g 


!,4*J 


■ki 


■•»! 


fl 


■'■^^*-Wu.*,**Aw]*»#.v.. 


[ 


66 


1 


ii     II 


r 


\ 


X 


ii« « 


beiirin»5  N,  N.  K.  ri^^^  a-he«d  :  This  was  iirmediafe- 
ly  cleterniined  irt.m  cur  pofiticn  to  be  a  new  difcovery, 
and  of  courfe  gave  eery  one  joy:  An  we  continued  our 
courfe  rtandin<  for  the  firft  difcovered  land,  which  now 
appeurd  to  be  an  iilind,  we  faw  more  land  to  wind- 
ward of  the  f(;rmer,  hf?arin8:  N.  E.  by  E.  which  had  aU 
fo  the  appearance  of  an  iilind.  lowaid?  evening  the 
wind  faiiins?  we  could  not  get  in  with  the  land,  and 
therefore  tacVed  iind  Hood  off  S.  by  E.  and  S.  S.  E. 
under  all  the  fill  we  could  fer,  hoping  by  n  good  bond, 
the  next  iTioininu;  to  weather  thf  windward  illand  :  Fut 
in  thi^j  we  we:e  much  deceived  finding  as  we  approach- 
ed the  fiiit  difcovered  Ifl'ind  the  next  morning  that  we 
hnd  fell  to  leward  two  leagues  owing  to  a  lee-current: 
An  we  ;5pproached  near  the  thjre  we  could  difcern  the 
land  fo  be  culti/ated,  faw  imokevS,  and  f^^on  after  houfes 
and  inh.tbi(ants:  When  we  were  near  enough  the  (bore 
to  examine  f'^r  a  harbour  we  bore  away  and  run  down 
the  coaft  w*rtward  and  northward  in  queft  of  one,  and 
Hbont  four  o'clock  entered  a  Iballow  bay;  it  alfordsd 
but  indeffnent  profpeO,  but  it  was  thought  beft  not  to 
rifXafuiihtfr  purfuit  and  we  accord inc^ly  run  in  and  an- 
cho!"i!d  in  feven  fathom  wafc.  three  fourths  of  a  miTe 
from  a  vill  tge  we  law  in  the  bite  of  the  bay  ;ind 
•ne  fourth  of  a  mile  f:om  a  reef  that  prcjetlcd  from 
.the  wcrtoin  extiemity. 

We  hid  been  approached  feveral  times  by  fome  ca- 
noes at  a  dillance,  but  none  of  them  would  come  near 
'nough  t>  cwnve.fe  wi'h  U3  or  that  we  ir.ight  fee  what 
fort  of  people  ihey  wtie  until  we  anchored  and  futlfd 
our  fails:  Thofe  who  came  Hrft  were  nTmel  and  ap- 
peared inexprclfibly  fup  ized,  though  not  intunidat- 
ed  :  They  lb  >ok  th«"ir  fpeats  ..I  us,  rolled  their  «.«h  »• 
bout  nnd  made  a  variety  of  wild  uncouth  gefiiculation^; 
But  wc    had    cxchanjicd   but   few  wo:ds    witl\    them 

'  btfott 


[      <r      1 

before  we  found  to  our  joy  and  furprize  that  jvith  lit- 
tle variation  their  lana;uage  was  ihtt  fam*^  as  that  of  our 
acqu.<intance  at  ihe  fouthern  illands.     In  a  little  while 
after  we  had  anchored,  a  number  of  Cannes  were   round 
and  at  length  fonie  of  them  CRu.e  on  board.     Tl.ey  were 
exceeding  wild:   R.m  up  to  us  and  examined  our  hand.* 
and  faces,  then  Itriping   up  our  Ihirt-ll'-eves  und  open- 
ing the  bv)fom«  of  our  Ihiits  to  view  fuch  pans  of  our 
bodit'S  as  were  covered  by  our  cloaths:  They  then  cn- 
quiicd  if  we  could  eat,    which  we    di<"co\fcied  by  eat- 
ing fome   bilcuil:     As  .on  as  th^y  oblervrd  this  they 
run  to  the  lid*  of  the  flup    and    called   To  ihofe  in  the 
canoes,  who  hove  on  board  fe\enl   little  pi^s  and  fome 
fweet  pota(r)e8 :    Aii.un,k<  other   a£^s  of  hf»fpitdlity  exhi- 
bited on  ihis   occlicn,    whs  the  pieftntuient  of  an  In- 
dianVs  arm  roiifted,    which  they  fij;iiihed   to  us  w^is  ve- 
ry good   eating  :   I'ut  our  fuigeon  to  whcm  this  fff^:r  was     ** 
fiut  m?.de  imprudently  prevented  any  thinj^  cuious  that 
nii>^l)t    h^ve    been  difcovered  on    this  occp.li;n    by    ex- 
prMiin^  the  Kf^^'fil^  de2;ire  of  ab!-.oiiance  >ii  the  a£^ioii,i'?\ 
which  fof.ighien^id  ihe   Indian  th^i  he  in.m'"d).nely  went 
off  with  it,    and  we    nncc  after   faw   another   inlt  nc« 
«t    it  wlii  e  rimon^:;  ihem.      Tliey  had  no   knowledge  of 
ifon  or  huropc.in  nrtici^-s,  but  the  moment  wf  difcover- 
cd  its  obvious  importance  they   wee  in   raptuies   about 
it,  and   gave  u8  any  thing  they  polff  Ifcd  in   exchange  • 
for  it.  '  .i"     I  o 

The  next   day  we  were  vifited   hy  a  ^rcaf  multitude  o  ^ 
of  cjnoes,  bringing  y.'ins,   fweet   potatoes,    hp^a,    plwn- 
t;jin8    and  other   tropical    fruiti',    which    ihey   greedily 
exchanged  for  Jitile  bits  of  old  iion,   nails   and  other 

articles.  ._.*.'  ..' 

The  third  day  after  our  arrival  we  went  on  fliorc  an<4 
traded  with  them  there,  and  viewed  the  Country,  of  which 
Ilh4ilgive  a  full  account  heieaftoc. 

W« 


»'> 


>.: 


m 


A    i, 


.Y^'  \X 


I     «»     ] 


'•'l 

!;.|, 


W 


I  II 


'  We  reniained  at  this  place  about  i  week,  »rtd  thtfn  fail- 
ed to  vilit  fomp  other  iflands  to  the  N.  W.  sftd  pafling  IW* 
fmall  barren  ilhnds  anchored  off  the  weftertiKift  6»Ued 
Nehow.  The  ifland  we  left  wai  called  Ottowai.  We 
traded  with  the  natives  at  Nehotv  as  we  had  done  at 
Ottowai.  We  remained  at  Nehow  untill  the  feC6tld  6t 
tebruary. 

The  ifland  we  had  feen  fo  windward  of  thai  of  Ot- 
towai, the  two  ban  en  ilhnds  and  Nehow  niade  five  id 
number,  and  Cook  was  ftrongly  of  the  opinion  that  there 
were  moie  farthei  to  the  eaftward,  which  proved  to  bt  true 
as  w«  fliall  fee  in  the  fequel  of  the  hiftoiy.  The  group 
already  known  he  coUediviy  called  Sandwich  Iflanda. 
Nehow  is  fituate  in  lat  ai  44  north  longit.  199  eaft. 

T  hnve  defered  any  particular  account  of  thefe  iflandt 
at  this  time  not  only  becaufe  our  itay  was  ihort  among 
them,  but  becaufe  we  nfteiwards  vifitcd  them  and  o- 
thers  of  the  fame  clutter  to  the  eaftward  on  our  return 
from  the  northwaid  a  twelvemonth  after  when  we  had 
a  more  extenfivc  acquaintance  with  them,  and  coniie- 
quently  a  better  fund  of  information. 


u  " 


,(;l 


m 


On  the  id  of  February  we  again  launched  into  that 
extenfive  ocean  that  feparatcs  America  and  Afia,  and 
continued  our  courfe  to  the  northward  and  eattward 
intending  to  fall  in  with  America  m  about  40  degrees 
01*  north  latitude.  .v.       -^  •>  • 

We  had  in  general  a  very  comfortable  pafTage  until 
after  we  made  the  co^ft  when  wc  had  a  ferics  of  very 
b;<d  weather.  ,  . 

On  the  ^thofMarch  wr  fell  in  with  the  co  a  ft  of  America 
in  lat.  49deg.  N.  hng.  iiJiH.i  little  below  Cape  Blanco, 
•iui  tiacij^g^inotheiiy  until  the  atti\  wcaatexeds^O  aai^t 


I       ^9       I 


in  49*  N.  Ffctij  the  7th  to  the  2Sth  wp  had  the  nigg€dv# 
weather  wtf    had  yet  expcrii«nced.  -The  weather  w» 
cold,  the  gales  of  wind  weie  fucceinve  and  itrong,  tnd 
foroetimes  ycry  violent.  Ourlhipyccmplain^d.    Wc  wcr« 
lh>rt  of  water,   And  had  an   unknown  coaft  to  txplort»« 
And  the  very  day  we  purpofed  to  reconnoitre  for  a  harbour,  ■ 
th«  wind  veered  to  the  N.  E.  and  foiced  u«  off  the  coaft 
a  full  week.    We  entered  this  inlet  a  bout  4  o'clock  m 
the  afternoon.     The  extremes  of  the  opening  at  tlir  en* 
trance  were  a  bout  2  miles  diftant,  and  we  had  »he  profpeO  ' 
of  a  fnug  harbour.     It  was  matter  of  doubt  with  mapy  gC 
U9  whether  we  Ihould  find  a«y  inhabitant!  here,  but  w^i 
had  fcarcely  entered  the  inlet  befoie  we  faw  tha t  hard/^ i 
that  intriped,  that  glorious  creature  man  approaching  uf . 
from  the  (jjore.  As  we  advanced  into  the  inlet  we  found  it 
Oill  more  favor;)ble,  and    perceived  feveral  fmall^jAaiuU 
between  the  two  Ihores.     Night  approaching  we  caiB«.| 
to  an  anchor  between  one  of  thofe  iflands  and  the  «aftera 
fliore  about  onerjuarter  of  a  mile  from  each.    In  the  even*  , 
ing  we  were  vifited  by  feveral  canoeafuUof  the  native!  t 
they  cnme  abrenfl  our  (liip  within  two  rods  o{ us  and  thec# 
ftaid  the  whole  night,  without  offering  to  approach  ne«tit 
or  to  wirhdiaw  farther  from  us,  neither  would  thef  cimi* 
verfe  with  us.     At  the  approach  of  day  they  departed  in 
the  fame  referve  and  filence. 


On  the  30th  wefent  our  boJ^ts  to  examine  a  fmall 
in  the  oppofite  illand,  which  anfwering  our  wi&e!  w« 
moved  with  both  iRips  into  it  and  moored  within  a  (tm 
rods  of  the  furrounding  beach,  ,  > 

This  inlet  proving  to  be  a  found  was  called  George*!*  , 
Sound.     It  lies  in  lat.  49.  33.  N.  snd  in  t^j.  16.  E.  long*  ' 
and  as  it    afforded   excellent  timber   we  furniCh^d  cm- 
fclveiwitha  new  mizen-maft,  fpare  yards  and  other  fptrt, 
befides  wood.    It  alfo  iifforded  ui  excellent  water,  tva- 
llttf  oi  good  fiUi  and  the  fltores  with  fome  excellent 

plant!. 


m 


>  I 


I:, 


\ 


m 


'  Pi 


Ill 


M 


!''ii!l 


■i,,.it- 


.-ii*' 


"III 


w 


I'M 


I         7®         3 

pY:iht8,  The  country  round  this  found  is  generally  hi^h 
and  mountainous,  though  further  to  the  northward  and 
e^Hward  it  appears  more  open  and  level.  It  w  intirely 
covered  with  woods,  fuch  as  maple,  alh,  birch,  oak,  hem- 
loQk,  but  moftly  with  tall  well  grown  pine.  We  alfo 
found  currant  bufhes^  wild  raf berry  and  juniper    bullies, 

and  little  crabed  apple-trees,  but  could  not  learn  whether 
they  bore  any  fruit,  neither  is  it  probable  they  do.  We 
faw  no  plantati-^-ns  or  any  appearance  that  exhibited  any 
knowledge  of  the  cultivation  of  the  earth,  all  feemed  to 
remain  in  a  ftateof  nature  j  but  as  our  obfe.v^tions  d  d 
not  extend  three  miles  in*o  the  country  they  aie  impe- 
f«£\.  Neither  did  we  explore  the  found  highei  up  than 
three  leagues,  as  that  fatisfied  us  that  it  was  of  no  gieit 
extent  Leyond.  The  light  in  which  this  country  will 
appear  mort  to  advantage  jefpe£\s  the  variety  of  its  ani- 
mals, and  the  ri  chiefs  of  their  fur  r.  They  ha\etoxe8,  fables, 
hares,  maimofets,  ermines,  wenzles,  beats,  won  es,  deer, 
moofc,  dogs,  otters,  beavers,  and  a  fpecieso.  we^ze  cal- 
led the  gffitton  ;  thefkinof  this  animal  was  fold  at  Kam- 
chalka,  a  Ruffian  fii£ioiy  on  the  Afiatic  coall  for  iixty 
lubles,  which  is  near  12  guineas,  -ind  had  it  been  fold  in 
China  k  would  have  been  worth  30  guineas. We  ^urchafed 
whic  heie  about  tjto  beaver,  bclides  other  Jkins,  but 
took  none  but  the  beli,  having  no  thoughts  at  that  time 
of  ufmg  them  to  any  other  advantage  than  conve  tmg 
them  to  the  purpofes  of  cloathing,  but  it  afterwards 
happened  th;4t  ikins  which  did  not  coft  the  purchafer  fix- 
pence  ftciling  fold  in  China  for  100  dollars.  Neither 
did  we  puichdfe  ;<  quarter  p^rt  of  the  beaver  and  other 
furrlkins  we  n.ight  have  done,  and  mort  certainly  lliould 
ha've  done  had  we  known  of  meeting  the  opportunity  of 
difpofingof  them  to  fuch  an  alkoniihing  prolii.  •  •-"• 


•  On  the    ift  of  April  we  were  vifited  by  a  number  of 
the  natives  in  their  boats,    which  rcfemble  our    bat- 


«l*  M>*#  ■''>>^«*  |*« 


♦nft:..  i  I 


^.•v.^ie.iux.i 


\  • 


t 


71 


] 


teaux:  They  are  about  20  feet  fn  length,  contraf^ed  alt 
each  end,  and  about  3  feet  bro  d  in  ihe  middle,  and  2  feet 
and  an  half  deep  from  end  to  end:  They  are  made  from 
large  pine-trees,  and  we  fuppofe  burnt  out.  This  wat 
the  fi  it  fair  opportunity  after  our  arrival  that  I  had  of 
examining  the  appearance  of  thofe  unknown  aborigi- 
ne* of  North-America.  It  w.js  the  tirft  time  too  that  I 
h^d  been  fo  near  the  fliores  of  that  coniinent  which 
gave  me  birth  fr(!)m  the  time  I  at  fiift  left  it;  and  though 
more  th«in  two  thoufand  miles  diftant  from  the  neareft 
part  of  New-England  I  felt  myfelf  plainly  affe£\cd:  All 
the  affeOirnate  piflTims  incident  to  natural  attachments 
and  early  prejudices  played  round  my  heart,  and  in- 
dulged them  becaufe  they  were  prejudices.  I  was  hat* 
monized  by  it.  It  foothed  a  home-fick  heart,  and  leiH 
dcred  me  very  tolerably  happy.  .    „  a 


.  J 


I  had  no  fconer  beheld  thefe  Americans  thin  Ifet 
them  down  for  the  f«ime  kind  of  people  that  inhabit  thft 
oppofite  fide  of  the  continent.  They  are  rajher  above 
the  middle  ftature,  copper-coloured,  and  of  an  athltti^ 
make.  They  have  long  blnck  hair,  which  they  ge^ 
ncrally  wear  in  a  club  on  the  top  of  the  head,  they  fill 
it  when  dreffed  with  oil,  paint  and  the  downe  of  bird*. 
They  nlfo  paint  their  faces  with  red,  blue  and  whitt 
Colours,  but  from  whence  they  had  them  or  how  th«f 
were  prepared  they  would  not  inform  us,  nor  could  w€ 
tclK  Their  cloathing  generally  conilfts  of  fkins,  but 
they  have  two  other  forts  of  garments,  the  one  is  madft 
of  the  inner  rind  of  fome  fort  of  bark  twifted  and  unit- 
ed together  like  the  woof  of  our  coarfe  cloaths,  the  or 
ther  veiy  ftrongly  refembles  the  New-Zealand  Togo, 
<nd  is  alfo  piincipally  made  with  the  hair  of  theii  dogi,  | 
which  arenioiily  white,  and  of  the  donirltic  kind  :  V^ 
on  this  garment  is  difplaycd  very  naturally  the  mann«t 
of  their  catching  the  whale— w'«  faw  nothing  fo  weU 
done  by  a  favagc  in  ouc  travels.    Their  garments  of  aU 

.  kinds 


T.^   "^ 


i  f .-. 


',ll ' 


IK 


Itindt  «rt  wioft  msntle-wire,  and  the  borderi  of  tliem 
are  Cringed  or  terimnated  with  fome  partieuUr  kind  of 
•rnament  like  itt  Their  licheft  fkini  when  converted 
to  garments  are  edged  with  a  great  curiolity.  Thit  ia 
aothing  le(«  than  the  very  fpeciet  of  wampum  fo  well 
)(nowB  on  the  oppofite  fide  of  the  continent :  It  i«  idcn- 
tie^Uy  the  fame  ;  and  this  wampum  was  not  only  found 
•aiong  all  the  oborigines  we  faw  on  this  (ide  the  oon- 
t^ient,  but  even  exifts  unmutilated  on  the  oppoGte  coaftt 
of  North- Afia.  Wt  faw  them  make  ufeof  no  coverings 
to  their  feet  or  legs,  and  it  was  feldom  they  covered 
their  heads:  When  they  did  it  was  with  a  kind  of  a 
ba/ket  covering  made  after  the  manner  and  form  of  the 
Chinefe  and  Chinefe-Taitais  hats.  Their  langMa:^e  i« 
¥ety  guttural,  and  if  it  was  poffible  to  reduce  it  to  our 
qithography  would  very  much  abound  with  confonantt^ 

III  their  manners  they  refemble  the  other  aborigines  of 
tforth- America,  they  are  bold  and  ferocious,  fly  and  re- 
served, not  eaftly  provoked  but  revengeful  ;  we  faw  no 
&gn«  of  religion  or  wor(hi|     nong  them,  and  If  they  fa- 
•ciifice  it  it  to  the  Oodof  Ixoerty. 

When  •  party  was  fent  to  procure  <€bi<  graft  for  our 
^tle  they  would  not  fuffer  them  to  take  a  blade  of  it 
fnthout  payment,  nor  had  weaniait  or  yard  without  aa 
•fiknoMvledgment.  They  intimated  to  us  that  the  country 
1^1  round  further  than  we  could  fee  was  theirs.  Watet 
#l>d  wood  they  charged  us  notb  ing  for.  Ca  pt.  Cook  would 
aOt  credit  this  faO  when  he  iirft  heard  it  and  went  in 
fCfion  to  be  affured of  it,  and  perfi fling  in  a  more  pererap- 
torr  tone  in  hit  demands,  one  of  the  Indian  s  took  him  by 
the  arm  and  thruft  him  from  him,  pointing  the  way  for  him 
^  go  a^ut  his  buftnefs.  Cook  was  ftruck  with  aRonifli- 
inent,  end  turning  to  his  people  with  a  fmile  mixed  with 
edmiriKion  exclaimed,  ^'  This  it  an  Ameiicaa  indeed !'' 
tmfl  jnJaniiyatfexiBdihitbttyeauuiwfaitJig  tiwuf^tpt^ 


t 


73 


] 


pffto  t^l^c;  aftrr  which  the  Indian  tr>o^  him  and  his 
nr^n  to  his  dwelling  and  offned  them  fuch  as  he  h  d  to  eat. 
This  charaOeriftic  of  theirs  and  having  found  but  one 
inftance  of  theft  amon.i?  them  fei  thefe  peoi)ie  high  in 
Cook's  opinion.  The  houfes  we  f:^w  near  this  cove  jip- 
peared  to  be  only  temporary  refidenres  from  whence  it 
was  fuppofed  that  in  winter  they  r.eii  rd  i  to  the  in- 
terior forefts,  and  in  fummer  lived  any  where  that  bell 
anlweredthepurpofes  of  hlliing  or  hunting. 

The  food  we  fa w  them  uf?  confided  folely  of  dried  fi(h 
and  blubber  oil,  the  befl  by  far  that  any  man  ?m«m^ 
us  had  e.  er  feen  :  this  they  put  into  fkms.  We  purchafed 
great  quantities  of  it,  and  fitiiated  as  we  were  wirh  re- 
fpe£t  to  butter  or  fuet,  it  was  a  very  i<ood  lucced/>neum  to 
cither,  and  wasconftantly  ufed  to  fry  with  ;  b-^fides  it  fui- 
iiilhed  our  lamps,  and  anfwered  ni^ny  other  purpofes  ule- 
ful  and  neceffary.  Like  all  unf:ivi!i/ed  men  they  are  hof- 
pitable,  and  the  lirlt  boat  that  vifued  us  in  the  Cnve 
brou^htus  what  no  doubt  they  thou;^lit  the  ,i<reatelt  pof- 
fible  re'^alia,  rnd  offeied  it  to  us  to  eat;  this  was  a  fum.'n 
aim  roilied  T  have  heard  it  reinarled  that  human  Helh 
isthemoft  delicious,  and  therefoie  t  lied  i  hit,  and  fofhci 
m?»ny  others  without  fv^'al lowing  ihnme'it  or  the  juiVfs^ 
but  either  my  confcionce  or  my  lalle  rendered  it  very  odi- 
ous to  me. 

We  intimated  to  pur  hofls  that  what  we  h')d  taOed 
was  b.id,  and  exp.effed  as  well  as  wt  could  our  difap- 
ptobationof  eatin*^  it  on  account  of  its  beinir  part  of  a 
mm  like  ourfelvfs.  Th'-y  feen.ed  to  be  ^'enfibie  by  the 
C'  ntoktion'^  nf  ou.  I'lce-?  thit  our  fcelin^-is  vere  difjurted, 
and  apparently  p.uld^eil  cfT  with  eqii-il  dilFatisrid^ir-n  and 
difippoiniment  themfelves.  We  were  ronipiimened  on^e 
before  m  the  fame  fliie,  at  our  firfl  dilcovciy  of  Sandwich- 
Ill  in  da.  • 

K  The 


]'■■■!  . 


i:>«\ 


l.ti 


•«■ 


74 


J 


It 


HP  ' 


The  cuftom  of  eating  human  fl^fh  is  vefy  extenfive  and 
pervades  mu:h  thegreat^ft  part  of  the  habitable  ♦iaith, 
andasiffeem*  wboriginilly  to  have  been  derivrd  finm 
the  anteredent  cu (lorn of  facrificing  human  tiefli,  it  would 
be  cuiious  to  enquire  into  the  matter. 

The  cuftoni  of  facrificino^  is  very  ancit^nt.  The  firft 
inftance  we  have  of  it  is  in  the  lives  of  Cain  and  Abel, 
Their  fncrificesconfifled  in  part  of  animal  tieOi,  buiHt  up- 
on an  alter  dcdicijted  to  their  God.  This  cuftom  exitt* 
now  an:ong  all  the  uncivilized  and  Jewilh  nations  in  the 
clfenfinl  rites  requifite  to  prove  it  analogous  to  the  firft 
ii»ftiturion.  The  only  mutilation  in  the  ceremony  Riateri- 
aJly  different,  is  xh^t  the  barbarous  nations  have  added 
hu?nsn  ileili.  Whether  this  additional  ingredient  in  the 
qblation  took  place  at  a  remote  fubfequent  period  by  the 
^nteced^^nt  inteivention  of  any  extraordimry  circumftance 
mdependant  of  the  original  form  does  not  ajjpear,  unlefi* 
vre  place  the  rubfequent  period  below  the  timeof  Abra- 
hnm  or^e^haps  below  the  time  of  Jepth:?.  The  circi;ni- 
ft'^riceof  Abrah'-tni's  intended  facnfice  of  Ifaac  to  which 
he  was  injoined  by  the  Deity,  though  he  abfolutely 
did  not  do  it,  yet  wps  fufficient  to  introduce  the  idea  that 
fu-ih  a  fricrifice  was  the  iw  i\  p!e:)ring  to  God,  and  as  it 
w?s  an  evpnt  very  reniaikable  it  prob.ibly  became  an  hif- 
t^rlcal  fulreO,  nnd  went  abroid  nmong  other  tribes, 
?nd  was  h:indfxl  down  Pmon^r,  them  by  trr.dition,  and 
liable  to  i)\\  th^chnngv'^s  in':ident  therein,  and  in  time 
the  ftory  might  have  been  that  Abr:;ham  not  only  offered 
but  reilly  did  facrifice  his  own  fon.  But  perhaps  the 
f^ory  of  J'^p'ha,  jiid^:e  of  Ifiael,  is  more  to  the  point. 
It  is  f;nd  he  f-ic:rificed  his  diu;;hter  as  a  burnt-offeiing 
to  the  God  wht>  hnd  been  propitious  to  him  in  war; 
which  does  aj)poar  fob*  nn  ^'O  independnnt  of  cuftom  or 
tradition,  as  it  tvanfpir'^d  wholly  frrm  the  oMignti<;ns  o£ 
a  r  111  vow  mrule  to  the  Deity  in  the  fulnefsof  a  heart 
furchar^ed  with  hoi>€s  and  fears.  It  is  alfo  a  ht\  that 
'  • '*  '•  after 


I 


rWr 


7S 


after  this,    particularly  in  the  reign  of  the  wicked  Ahaz, 
it  w.^8  a  general  cuftom,efpeciRlly  among  the  heathen,  to 
inifke  their  children  ''  paCs  through  the  hre;"  by  which 
I  fappofe  it  is  undeiftood  that  ihey   were  faciihced   vviih 
fire.       It  feema  then   that   the  circumftance  of   adding 
human    tlefh    in   the    ceremony   of  faciiticing    did  take 
place    before    ih**   years  antecedent  to  Chrirt,   and  moft 
pobably  from    the  example  of   Jeptha,     After  this  we 
iind  it  ihifting  places,  attending  the  duffufive  ^migrations 
of  the  tribes,  and  commixing  with  m^.nl-'ind  in  general, 
but  *»rpeciaJly  with  thole  difunited  with   the  chofen  de- 
fcendanis  of  ths  great  Abraham  ;  whofe  defcendants  being 
conliantly  favored  w  th   civil   and  religious  inftruftions 
from  Heaven  itfelf,  were  nor  only  p;eferved  from  fuperrti- 
tion  and  baibariry  thpirfelve?,  byr  weiethe  n.eans  of  fur- 
nilliing  the  detacfied   heathen  with  a  variety  of  cuftcms 
and  ceiemonies,  that   from  the  ire.e  light  of  nature  the/ 
ne^'er  cciUid  have  thought  of  ^  noi"  could  they  prefeive  pu.e 
and  uncorrupt   after  they  had  adopttd  them.    Even  th^ 
favored   Ifraelites  were  perpetually  de\  iating  into  fchiUi.s 
andcabalvS  and  fiec;uently  into  downright   idolatry,  and 
all  the  vanity  of  fuperitition  and  unbridled  nontenfe  from 
the  imbfcility  of  human  policy  when  uninlluenced  by  hea- 
venly wifd  -m  and  iu'ifp  udence.    No  wonder  then  that  the 
feparate  tribes  from  the  houfe  ofAbr iham,  though  they  pri- 
marily received  many  of  their  piincipiesof  civil  and  leli- 
gi  'Usgovernment  from  a  pure  fountain,  liiould  debafe  and 
contamin;^te  them   by  the  fpuri^us  conjuirOion  of  things 
derived   from   their  own    imaginations      And  this   feems 
to  have  been  the  courle  of  things  to  this  day.     There 
hath  always    been    a    part   of  mankind    confpiciojs  for 
knoledge,  fuperior  in  wifdom,    and  favored    by   heaven, 
from  whom   others  are  feparatedi    and   thefe,    li^e   the 
moon,  have  only  Ihone  with  borrowed  light.  Some  cuR(jm.i 
may  be  local  and  indigen^usto  paiticular  times  and  cir- 
cu[uttmicc«,  both  in  the  civilized  and  uncivilised  world, 

.  .  '^/'     but. 


.|i  h 


'■•* 


<\      ,  - 


■^:- 


L      76      1 


■< 


IMi ' 


'     II 


but  far  the  grrater  part  are  derivative  and  wr'-e  oric:fnaT- 
ly  beftowed  onii)?i!i  by  his  fupieme  Governor;  thofe  that 
wc  tind  amon^  the  civili'»'ed  and  wife,  mesfuied  rna 
phiiofophic  fcwlc,  are  uncoriupted,  while  thofe  that  we 
find  exiitin^  in  parts  remote  fu;m  civilization  andl-now- 
]edt;e,  though  they  have  a  refeinblance  which  plainly  isti- 
ma'es  f;om  whenc*  they  came,  a  e  yet  deb  ifed.  mutilatedi 
jind  by  foine  hadly  known.  Eut  who. that  hid  feen  a  hitman 
body  f  criticed  at  Otaheite  to  iheir  God  of  war,  would 
not  pprcei\e  an  an^lo:2;y  to  antient  cuftom  on  thrff^  oc- 
CHfi-.n?'.  and  aitribiiie  it  lathsr  to  fuch  culiom  thriri  any 
other  c^-ufe  wh;4te^  er,  and  the  ccftom  is  not  conhned  to 
Otaheite  alon^^,  it  pervaOes  the  iflinds  thiou^hout  the 
pacify'  Oce.in.  It  was  the  cafe  with  the  ancient  Bii'ons. 
I'he  Mjxic.in<  depopulated  foriety  by  :lus  Ccirnive  ous 
fperiesof  fncnhce.  i  hi-i  could  not  be  the  rff^ii  of  ;€- 
cid^nt,  w.ini  or  caprice.  It  may  bf^  worth  notice  to  lemark 
futheino  e:  ih^it  in  the  time  01  Ahaz  th*fe  frtcrifices  were 
iriiide  in  hii^h  pl'jces.  It  w^s  I'o  in  Me  ico--is  fo  ar  Oii- 
heite  Jind  other  illandfi.  The  Mexican^  tlunu;  their  vic- 
tims from  the  top  ot  their  tcmp'e  dedic-.t^-d  ro  their  God 
of  w.ir.  '^"heOi^iheiteins  and  the  other  I.ll^nders  prepare 
thole  obl'itions  on  their  moiafs. 

Thefe  people  are  poffetfed  of  a  variety  of  impliment« 
calculated  for  war,  hunting,  iiihinK  and  ciher  j)urpofe8, 
fome  of  which  rue  rema,  kabiy  nnnlotou.*  to  ancient  mo- 
dels, pMtici. hilly  the  lance,  which  isevery  w.tylimilar  to 
th^»  uft'cl  in  ancient  touinwinepts  and  fe  t^  of  chivalry. 
They  hnv*  aifo  a  1>  ind  of;umor  that  covers  the  b-dy  from 
the  bie 'It  d  wi^waid  to  the  Inees;  this  coniifts  ol  noofe- 
fkin,  covered  ex^enally  with  flips  of  wood  (ewed  to  the 
leather  tranf^e  llyv.  ;Tid  made  llK)rt  or  lon^  as  bell  fuirs 
tht. piirt  of  the  hrdy  it  rovers.  They  have  alfo  good 
uow^  ^nd  arrows,  and  Itrie  hatchet^;  alfo  a  vjJiieiy  rf 
fnires  bf  th  for  r:)wl  and  qu^drupede*.  Their  Hfliing  grer 
ii  highly  cmious.     lean  /;ivcno  adc<4uatcdffciipiionof 

iho' 


•k 


the  variety  and  fingularify  of  thefe  matter.i:  They  have 
near  ad'>/en  dilfeirnt  kinds  of  tilh-hooks,  J<nd  all  made  of 
wood  but  was  an  European  to  ite  any  one  of  th-ni  with- 
out ;iny  pr-^vious  information  of  their  defign,  he  would  as 
foon  conclu.le  they  weie  intended  to  catch  men  as  fi(h. 
Th«  y  h.i\e  a  haipnon  inade  from  a  muQiel  Ov^ll  only, and 
yer  ihry  hA\z  fodifpoied  of  it  as  to  fiibdue  the  gre.it  levia- 
ihrn,  rind  tr>w  ihn  unw.-i.diy  monfter  to  thfir  fl»o:C8. 
Let  not  iii.n  think  mf^anly^  ol  himfelf,  but  claim  that 
g'oii  us  r.ink  !  is  ?\\]  7.\n^  powers  fo  juftly  entitle  him 
to.  If  Delr-aiies  rind  N(-:wt(ii  ivrm  the  improvements 
of  a^es  could  produce  at  lad  tl.emagnificient  fyPrm  of 
Philofophy  thit  h.ii[i  immoitalized  them;  why  fliould  not 
thefe  glorious  fitvages,  who,  without  any  of  thofegieat 
collateral  aiiillance«,  vithout  which  thky  could  ha?e 
done  nothini^,  have  ciifcoveieci  fuch  allonilliing  fagacity, 
be  intiilcd  to  equ'il  veneration,  and  the  n;ime  of  bcw 
Uncus  be  ah  gieat  as  that  of  Ifuac  Newton. 

We  found  a  few  copper  bracelets  and  three  or  four 
rou;^h  wmught  knives  with  coarfe  wooden  hafts  among 
the  n^^tives  at  thi.i  plice,  but  could  not  learn  fiom  the 
ai)p'^arance  of  cither  of  thofe  .rticles  or  from  any  infor- 
mpfion  they  cou!dgi\eus  how  they  became  pclfeff,  d  of 
them  but  it  was  g^neially  thought  they  came  from  a 
g.fat  d  liance  and  not  unlikely  irom  Hudfon's-Hay.  Com- 
ireice  i"  defuii^e  and  n(. thing  will  impede  its  progiefi 
among  the  uninfjimed  part  of  mankind,  but  an  interven- 
tion of  too  remote  ;i  Communication  by  water,  ?nd  aa 
this  cannot  be  the  cafe  v;iih  regard  to  the  inhabitants 
of  A  contintnt  it  fren.^  intirely  conclufive  to  fuppofc 
ro  p;irt  of  Aviieiica  i*  without  fome  fcit  of  commeicial 
inieicourfe,  immcdi.ite  or  remote. 

On  the  i^^fh  of  April  we  tovrd  out  of  the  found   int 
calm,  about  fun  down  v'e  w^f#  favored  with  a  breeze  that  - 
gave  us  A  toieiable  otim^}  but  before  ix  at  night  th«' 

wind 


'■^■f    -i 


^■^-^- 


I 


1 


f      ^    ffljl!!*, 


f  • 


I   'hi'! 


Wind  vtsfred  TomN.  N.  W.  to  E.  S  K.  and  was  fucceed- 
ed  by  a  fu-den  and  impf  uou^  >i;ale  of  wirvl  that  threw 
us  inttj  thf  utiiiolt  confufion  fiom  its  un ex  pecked  Jipproich 
mid  our  unp.-'.puieJ  fmution  to  rftceiv*^  it.  This  ^,ile 
Continued  with  very  liitlc  inieiiiiiri  n  urriil  the  lit  of 
Miiy,  when  it  abated  and  we  had  fair  we.iihcr.  We 
parted  CL4npafiy  wiih  cur  cont'ort  tiie  Difcov  ery  the  hilt 
night  and  con  iuded  tiom  our  own  diltulfe^  icniic  iiie- 
p«<ifable  mi.sioMune  had  aiieiuied  her.  We  l.iy  lo  on  that 
account  the  ,v;ic<JteJl  p'^t  of  the  tjine,  and  ll»e  adopting 
the  (dme  plan  occafioned  om  nicetin  ;  again  two  (]ii\s  be- 
fore ihegale  rntifcly  lublided.  I'his  g.ilew;!s  \e)yf';-' 
vcie,  and  was  the  me-Jin;)  uf  openin><  a  de[f£^ive  place    in  jj 

the  Kefolution's  bottom,  wf.ich  was  of  an  ahrmin*,  niture. 
We  did  not  iiiffct  with  an  oppo.tunity  of  icpaain^  it  untill 
fomc  t  iiuf:  alter,  when  we  found  thit  the  rompl^nnt  origi- 
nated ircm  a  hole  cat  through  the  butffuii  of  the  iLip  as  far 
as  the  flieathing  by  the  rats,  and  the  Ihae thing  being  old 
gave  way  when  the  lliij)  liraintd  :  we  we;e  iuipri/,^d  to 
fifvd  theappeiture  ftoped  tip  by  fotr.e  old  lliaVin^s  of  yaiiil 

and  oakum,  that  by  fouieaccidenl  wa<  walhcd  into  it. 

• 

•We  cnntiiuied  nur  courfe,  after  this  the  ro.i  ft  trending 

about  N.  VV.  unti  1  the   lothof  May  b^ing  then  in  Lat, 

59*.  33  N.  rind  Long,  n^*  23  ii.  wulmui  any  paiticular 

otcuritnce. 
• 

On  the  I  tfh  of  Mnv  we  frur.d  the  oaft  abruptly  trend- 

in%  to  the   w-ft^vard   of  loi'ih  appeiring  to   be  brokeni 
detached  and  inegulwr  in   the  height. 

On  the  i2ih  at  nine  in  the  ir.nrning  we  et»terrd  an  in- 
let, Heering  as  it  trended,  whi';h  wts  about  N.  N.  W, 
and  N.  At  fix  in  the  evenin.;  prrceivin.^  bad  weather 
ipproaching  we  tun  in  With  th^  land  and  both  flups  an- 
chored, and  liiv.ijvg  the  weather  as  yet  to  be  toiciablc 
liung  out  the  kuats  and  fcnt  them  on  Hioie  to  fiHi 
4^^  with 


•c- 


t 


1 


lend- 


in  m- 
.  W. 
;ither 
n  an- 
\\  a  blc 
lo  l^fli 
wuh 


with  thft  ffiine,  Kit  cnucht  noihin^.  The  pinnace  of  the 
R- folution  with  I  be  H  ft  lieu;en;int,  fnme  other  gentl*^ 
nr^n  and  niyfcl  went  to  the  oppolne  flioe  to  rh')ot  fowa 
wild  fowl.  We  had  Pii.e  furrefs,  and  bein:?  engaged 
in  nur  fp^  ts,  and  nor  fufp  Oing  the  country  f.oni  its 
inhofpif.il  appearance  to  be  inh:;bite(i  were  furprize4 
wh^'n  we  fnw  fe  erai  lane  b^.ats  full  of  Indi:mi  alcAt;* 
d/  ciofe  upon  us  from    behind  a  fmall  iiland.    ' 


We    hid    ^'ut  thre**  or  four  fowling    piece.^  with  U!», 


and   t!  •    Indi  ns  l^ti 


the  fi, 


Mr-;  rriTierous,  ai.a  we  hcjng  out  qi 


I 


oi'  the  (hips  our  fituation  was  mention*  d  to  Mr, 


Go:-  (tt^.e  fi  A  l!cu*e-n  m)  ns  b^^ing  di!>grerable.  Mr, 
Gore  conKir^d  he  wa>?  afr;<  id  the  Indians  would  want  to 
quarrel,  vvhir^h  be  ftjou!d  be  forry  to  do  though  under 
no  app:f  henfions  for  our  own  fafe'y,  but  f  )r  the  lives  of 
the  fava.i^es,  who  mi.fl  farrifice  their  prowf-fs  to  une- 
qual force.  Me  thcrefoe  gave  orders  to  'ei  thi'm  comft 
within  tnulker  ih-)t,  and  th^n  row  f..r  th^  Ihips:  We  in- 
deed fullered  them  to  com'»  n-arer.  .md  ihf'y  billooedta 
U8,  mnVin.4  funs  thit  the/  war-.ted  to  tide,  ind  we  rf» 
turned  them  for  iniwe  ai  w-ll  r.s  we  rould  to  follow 
us,  and  wr  wru!d  ti j^dc.  This  the/  complied  with, 
tiv)uting,  linking  theii  fpears  and  ufing  ^  variety  of  noi* 
fes  and  gptiiculatiojis  th  it  we  [  new  nothing  of  until  thejt 
Oiime  within  h.iil  of  the  Iliii-s.  focn  after  which  they 
ftopped.  The  people  on  boa  d  -is  well  jts  thofeoniliorf 
•  bferving  our  (ituiti')n,  and  mifconliruing  otir  drawing 
ihem  to  the  (hips  to  ha\e  fome  interview  with  them  to 
I  tiight  we  were  malin^  f  wtn  them,  wer<»  uneafy,  and 
an  armed  boat  put  ttT  firm  each  Ot-p,  the  me  to  aflSft 
us  and  the  othf^r  the  people  on  flio  e,  who  were  with-  ' 
out  aims.  Put  we  foon  n^t  <  n  bnaidwiih  the  pennacf. 
rcOifipd  the  ii.iitaie.  and  boats  v^eie  fent  to  Vy  if  they 
Could  not  by  fome  fti^ndly  means  peifuade  the  favn;?e|  - 
tn  the  lhip«j.  but  in  vain— they  turned  their  boats  a  bout   ^ 

tad  were  fuon  out  of  light. 

We 

•  *  • 


"h 


V 


mp 


I    ^    1 

We  could  perceive  them  to  be  a  different  kind  of 
^people  from  thofe  of  Gcoige*s-Sound,  and  to  have  /kin- 

On  the  13th  though  the  weather  ■•as  bjid  we  came 
to  fail  «nd  purfued  our  courfe  up  the  inlet  not  without 
hopes  of  the  dear  PalTip^e,  which  w^s  now  the  only 
theme.  The  weather  increafing  to  be  bad,  about  four 
in  the  afternoon  we  cime  to  and  moored  in  a  fnut? 
load-ttead,  convenient  for  water,  and  what  was  of  moie 
importance  for  the  purj  ofe  of  examining  and  repairinjj 
the  leak  occafioncd  by  the  tempelluous  ni^^ht  we  left 
Gcorge*8-Sound.  ^ 

On  the  14th  while  we  were  employed  in  thefe  feveral 
ftrvices  we  were  vifited  by  the  n^itivf^s  who  were  the 
fame  kind  of  people  we  hnd  feen  the  p-creding  day. 
We  continued  here  until  the  20th,  during  which  lime 
we  fcnt  our  boats  to  explore  the  inlet,  and  founil  it  to 
be  a  large  found  without  any  commiinicaiion  to  any  o- 
ther  fea  or  water  northwnrd.  We  therefore  called  it 
feandwich-Sound.  It  lies  in  lar.  ^i  39  north  longitude 
#14  eart,  about  1500  milea  from  Geoigc's-.Souiid.  The 
inhabitants  feem  to  be  a  diftint\  tribe  from  thofe  at 
Gcorge's-Sound,  and  bear  a  very  ftriking  lefembiance  if 
not  an  exa^  one  to  the  Efquimnux.  I  need  give  no  o- 
ther  defcription  of  them.  Their  ikin-canoca,  tlieir  dou- 
ble bUdcd  piddles,  their  drefs  ai  d  other  appearances 
of  lefi  note  are  the  fame  as  on  the  coaft  of  Labrador 
and  in  Hudfon*«Bay.  We  found  them  pofTrfTed  of  a 
few  knives  and  copper  tiinVets  liVe  ihofe  we  had  fecn 
at  George's-Srund,  and  found  the:  wampum  am  n^  them, 
which  pioves  the  commeicial  inteiGouife  as  univcrfal  a« 
I  bcfoie  obferved  it  to  be. 

'       "        Or 


On  the  20th  of  April  we  :amf»  to  fail  nciain,  having; 
watered  ;ind  repair <•(!  the  leak  in  the  RelDhiriDn.  V\  e 
pu''fued  the  dire£\ion  of  the  coaft,  which  trt'iidt\l  from  ^, 
E.  to  S.  meaning  to  get  out  to  fea  agjyn. 

On  the  2ifl  we  open'-d  the  fuuthern  extreme  fcen 
yefterday,  and  doubling  it  entered  another  oprnin.^  ve- 
ry capacious  trending  full  to  the  eaitwud.  Coutfe  all 
night   N.  E.  by  E. 

On  the    7  2d  and  23d  moftly  calm. 

On  the   2  4lh  we  had  hard  fqualls  with  fleet. 

On  the  25th  fteered  N.  by  W.  the  l.mdt.)  ftirb)a'-d 
trending  N.  R.  hij;h  and  mountainous.  At  noon  paf- 
fcd  fome  large  iflind*  bearing  W.  S.  W. 

On  the  16  th  the  land  exceeding,  high  c^n  both  fides— 
polled  two  vulcMnoea. 

On  the  27th  found  ourfelvj-s  in  what  we  coni''''^u;rd 
to  be  a  vuft  river,  havuig  a  ftron.:  foufheriy  cu  rrnt  — 
founded  40  fathoms.  This  gave  us  hopti  .igain  01  4 
PalTage. 

On  the  29th  we  enter^^d  a   lar^e   biiy,  and  foiirvi  th« 
water   btakiih       Came  to  an  anchor  in  ^>  lalh  ins,  and 
fpni  the  boat*  to  cxp.ore  the  coalt.     To  the  N.  K.inp/ 
entered  a  narrow  oprning   treiuluiv;  N.  W.  which   th^yr  ^, 
purfued  to  8   and  3   ;*n<l  a   h»lf  fathom*  wat-r.        They 
retunod  the  fiine  diy.    We  were  nt)w  in  62-    £5  noirh 
20  >•    55  eaft.     The  rruntry   here   ihoitKh   it    h  k|   i\>mn  i^ 
exceeding   high  mountains    w;»     m  luanv    phcrs    level,' 
oprn,  and  well  c^veied  with  ^ord.  and  inh.<bited.     Th« 
inhabitants  are  the   fame  »«  thnfe  we  [rAt  in  S md a jch- 
S«ttnd      Wi"  called  them 'H'*  New-Kf«iiMiaiiX  :   Thev  \v»»rn 
alftf  polTeirrd  of  a  little  iron,  ar.d  (vrnf  Europem  hewds. 
It  ii  xeaitikabie    that   t^e   diRutdly  heatU  I'lunoti  ced 

L  thg 


r^^^p/ 


^  :P«^ 


-'M. 


;f 


t 


82 


] 


i((|| 


fhewordsYAucTA,YoNEREE,  which  I  very  virell  reitieinber 
to  have  heard  pronounced  by  the  American  Ini^ans  from 
the  frontiers  of  the  northern  American  St^es.  They 
h.ive  here  as  well  as  at  the  other  p^irts  of  ifti  coaft  w^ 
had  hitherto  explored  a  plenty  and  variety  of  rich  furr^, 
which  they  exchanged  with  us  upon  the  fame  terms 
wc  had  hitherto  praOifcd. 

On  the  I  ft  day  of  June  we  came  to  fail,  returning 
by  the  fame  rout  we  came,  to  the  fca. 

On  the  6\h  we  cleared  the  inlet  which  we  called 
Hinchinbroke-Sound,  the  mvigaiion  of  which  had  been 
very  fatigueing. 

On  the  7th  courfe  S.  by  K.  halfE.  coifting  along  the 
main.  In  the  afternoon  ran  upou  a  funkcn  reef  of  rocka. 
P4it  our  good  foitune  lUU  accompanying  us  got  off  with- 
ou<  damage. 

On  the  iith  we  pilTed  a  great  number  of  feals,  fe^i- 
hoifes  and  feveial  whale.'. 

On  the  15th  loft  ri,c;ht  of  land,  and  had  blowing  wea- 
ther with  ihiCi  and  raw. 

On  the  16th  the  weather  abated,  and  we  flood  W. 
S.  W.  with  a  ftiff  b.eeze.    Lat.  56*  23  long.  ^05  i6. 

On  the  17th  ftnod  in  and  faw  the  land  trend  S.  K, 
hail  K.  2    leagues  from  the  land. 

On  the  iSih  oui  lat.  wai  55  long.  200  58  wifhia 
one  mile  of  the  lliore.  At  3  in  the  afrrrnoon  we  ob- 
f'.rved  3  canoe.i.  nviVing  to  us  iiwn  the  llDre  in  which 
Wj*reiix  Indians.  VVh'^nthey  cun«  jlon-?  fide  which  they 
clkl  without  any  hffitition  they  made  figns  to  u%  to  drop 
•lir  anchoia,    and  Ihewcd  us  a  paii  of  old  plullibiccch- 


r" 


J  S.  K. 


es,  and  black  cloth  waiftcoat.  Thefe  circimnftanco 
were  as  curious  as  un«xpe£\fcl.  We  hove  to,  and  the 
Indian  J!  came  clofe  along  fide,  and  made  firns  to  us  to 
give  them  a  rope,  which  teino^  done  one  of  the  Indians 
made  the  end  of  it  faft  to  a  little  box  m^ide  of  bark 
and  defued  us  to  hale  it  on  hoard,  after  which  they  re- 
turned to  the  llnre.  This  box  contained  to  our  infi- 
nite furprize  feveral  feparate  notes  wiitten  upon  Euro- 
pean paper,  and  in  Eurcpe;m  charp^'^ers,  but  we  could 
not  imderftand  the  language  thouc;h  we  thous^ht  w^ 
faw  the  fiK^-Jres  177S  pretty  plain.  This  occafirned 
much  fpeculation  hut  was  not  thought  of  fufflcient  con- 
fequence  to  detain  the  ftiips  for  a  further  enquiry  by 
fending  on  flioie  after  the  Indians.  We  therefore  con- 
tinued our  courfe  along  the  coalt. 

On  the  2ift  courfe  S.  W.  and  S.  S.   W.  pnlTed   twf>' 
lofty  vulcanoes.     The  land  covered  wiih  fn'^w.     Move  tf» 
and  cavight    feveral  hund.ed  holybret,   and  cod-Hfh— 
an   acceptable  fupply   I 

On  the  24th  altered  our  tourfe  S.  by  E. 

On  the  25th  we  changed  our  couife  8. by  W.  as  the 
land  trended.  About  7  in  the  evening  we  (aw  diftant 
lind  bearing  ne.uly  fouth.  I^y  10  o'clock  we  had  ^ 
thick  fog  J  fired  iignnl  guns  to  the  Difcovery  and  burnt 
f.ilfe  fires.  At  3  oVlock  in  the  morning  heard  the  noife 
of  a  furf,  founded  2.^  f.nhoivis.  The  noife  of  the  farf 
enc-eafing  we  w«re  alarmed;  fired  1  fignal  of  difhe^f? 
and  came  to  an  anchor  with  the  Difcovtry  jull  under 
eur  lee.  •  , 

On  the  '.'7th  the  fog  clfared  tip,  and  we  found  our- 
felves embayed  wiih  rocks,  reefs.ancl  an  iil.ind,  all  within 
two  cables  length.  We  weie  not  only  amazed  to  find 
•utfelves  in  fuch  a  frightful  htuation,  but  were  rtilimot« 

'  ^Itonillietl 


^ 


I  d 


I;  .', 


I 


] 


nftonifhed  to  conceive  how  we  got  there,    ;»«   the   lea  ft 
accidfmtal  deviation  from  the  courfe  we  had  fteeied  would 
'*^  have   been  fatal,    and  we  did  not  fteer  uniformly  to  a- 

r/  pMrticuiar  point,  bat  generally  as  we  conceived  the 
coart  lo  trender  tiom  the  bearings  and  diftances  taken 
the  preceeding  day.  tronithis  circumftance  we  named 
the  ifi^nd  in  view  Providence  liland.  In  the  afternoon 
we  entered  a  p^tifagc  between  Providence- lUand  and  the 
main  th;it  opened  to  the  northward, and  finding  a  fnug  bay 
jn  the  Hind  we  entered  it  with  both  Ihips  and  moored. 
This  liLind  with  a  tew  rocks  to  the  S.  W.  forms  the 
y  fouihem  and  wellern  extreme  of  that    part  of  the  con- 

J  tinent  which  took  fo  abrupt  a  dire£\ion  to  the  Southward 

and  wdtward  from  the  lat.  57  2i  noifth,  and  lonji;. 
217  3  3ealt,  Pro-.  idence-Ifland  in  55  J  8  north,  195  eaft. 
^  While  we  were  bufied  in  watering  in  this  harbour 
v/p.  wer^  conflanily  vifited  by  the  nati/cs,  among  whom 
w»  f.^und  other  intimitions  like  thofe  we  had  feen  late- 
ly of  an  Plu  opean  intercourfe  with  this  part  of  the  world, 
hnd  w^  diuibted  much  if  fome  Europeans  were  not  ac- 
tunlly  ^t  that  time  there.  This,  however,  we  deferred 
cnquiiing  about  at  piefent  as  we  expe£\ed  to  touch  at 
the  fame  ifland  on  our  ie»urn  to  the  foufhward  if  un- 
fucrefsfu^  in  our  futur«  attempts  for  the  P«iffage  to  the 
northward. 

On  the  2d  of  July  we  came  to  fail,  and  paffed  through 
the  lemaininj;  pnrt  of  the  Itrei^lu  between  the  illjnd 
and  tlic  main,  and  purfued  our  courfe,  fteeiingE.  N.E. 

On  the  5th  fteer rd  N.  N.  E.  The  land  low  and  trend- 
ing vcr>  much  e^Hward.     L.it.  574  long.  199  40. 

On  tlie  6th  we  continued  the  fame  courfe,  and  find- 
ing the  water  Ihoal  tacJcd   and  ftood  6.  E.    this  lead- 
ing us  to  3  and  a  half  fathoms  tacked  again   and  flood 
N.    Wc  were   no.v    in  a  laborious    and  perilous  navi- 
gation, 


4 


Mmi 


[         85        1 

fation,  and  continued  fo  until  the  15th,  when  weclea-. 
«d  a  labyrinth  of  rocks,  Ihoals,  and  fpits  of  fand,  but 
found  ouifelves  again  involved  on  the  i6th  and  were 
•  bligcd  to  bring  to  an  anchor,  and  fend  the  boats  out 
to  explore.  The  neareft  land  about  7  leagues  diftant. 
Our  boats  were  cut  all  night,  founded  in  different  di- 
re£\inn«  without  being  able  to  find  a  channel  to  the 
northward,  eaftward  or  wellward. 

On  the  17th  to  crown  our  joys  it  came  on  to  blow, 
and  we  parted  our  befl  bower  cable  in  the  bend  and 
and  loft  the  anchor. 

On  the  1 8th  the  gale  abating  we  fpent  the  day  in 

fwceping  for  our  anchor  which  we  finally  recovered  by 

the  exertions  of  a  mad-hardy  Tar,    who  dived   to  the 

frifczing    bottom    ^nd    hooked  a    grapling  to  the  ring* 

The  anchor  was  in  five  fathcm  water. 

The  I  9th  was  fpent  in  founding  wiih^-it  fuccefs. 

On  the  loth  Captain  Cook  himfelf  went  out  and  found 
a  channel  with  reguhr  foundings  from  8  to  10 fathoms, 
to  the  S.  E .  In  confequence  of  this  we  weighed  and 
came  to  fail.    Lat.  59  37   longit,  197  16. 

ft 

On  the  ^ift  the  neareft  lanil  5  leagues.  Hove  to  hav- 
ing a  head-wind  and  current  fitting  foutherly.     In  the 

afternoon  were  much  fur  prized  to  fee  eight  canoes  full 
of  Indians  pndling  full  fpeec'  towards  the  fliips.  They 
did  not  heiitate  to  come  near  enough  to  the  (liips  to 
conveife  and    traffic,  but  would  not  come  on  board  of 

us.  They  were  tall,  well  made,  wild  fierce  looking 
people,  in  Ikin- canoes,  and  every  way  like  all  thofe  we 
had  feen  fmc«  we  left  George 's-Sound,  except  in  the 
drefs  of  their  hair,  which  was  exa^ly  like  the  Maho- 
metan Tartars.  »    .» 

.    ^.  On 

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®n  the  22d  deepened  our  water  to  4ofqthomSj  which 
gave  U8  much  fatisfa£\ion. 

On  the  13d  had  a  heaxy  fnowftorm,  which  lafteJ  un- 
til the  26ih  wheen  it  cleared  up. 

On  the  29ih  altered  our  courfe  to  N.  N.  E.  nnd  N.K. 

On  the  jft:  of  Auguft  our  lat.  wa«  61  14  long.  191  33. 
Continued  our  courfe  along  the  co<iH  varying  as  it  trended. 

On  the  5th  our  lat,  was  64  44  long.  192  42.  To 
To  day  we  were  opixjfite  a  fmall  uninhabited  idand. 
Hove  to  and  fent  our  boats  on  Ihore.  They  hiouj/ht 
Us  off  fome  wild  cellery,  and  a  kind  of  chichilling, 
Mr,  Anderfon  our  furgeon  died  this  da/  of  a  lingering 
illnefsthat  h?  had  beenfubjeO  to  frm°  years.  He  was  the 
fiifl  perfon  we  had  loft.  His  funeral  ceremonies  were 
decently  performed  according  to  the  cuftom  of  the  fe^. 

On  the  ^th  ftoodW.  by  N.  with  the  American fliore 
^- board  carrying  from  4  to  6  fathoms  foundings. 

On  the  8  th  our  navigation  being  critical,  and  hav- 
ing a  violent  fnow-ftnrm  both  Hiips  anchored. 

On  the  loth  we  hid  fine  vveath-r  and  opened  a 
large  inlet  which  afterwards  proved  to  be  a  deep  fpa- 
cious  found,  which  we  called  Noitcn's-Sourd  after 
Sir  Fletcher,  Speaker  of  the  Britllh  Commons.  'It  lies 
in  lat.  66  27  long.  iS3  3.  W^  anchored  in  thi.'i  found, 
wooded  and  watered.  We  fnw  a  few  inh.ibitants  of  the 
Equimaux  kind,  but  they  feemcd  to  be  poor. 

•  On  the  nth  we  weighed,  and  fteering  northward; 
•n  the  nth  paffed  the  eaftern  and  weftr.in  extremes  of 
Afia  and  America  keeping  the  Ameiican  (bore  a-boa^cl,. 
On  the  13th  ftood  to  the  t-aftward,  with  the  coaflhi 
view  until  the  17th  when  the  weather  of  a  fudden  be 


eame  piercing  cold. 


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On  the^  1 8th  we  fa w  ice  a-hcad,  broXen,  detached 
and  low.  Lat.  ^9  46  long.  192.  Finding  the  ic«  pe- 
netrable we  advanced  into  the  openings.  Thefe  loofe 
fields  of  ice  are  covered  with  numerous  herds  of  f^a- 
horfes  who  repofe  themfelves  upon  them,  after  thef 
h?ive  completed  their  excuifions  in  the  water  in  purfuit 
of  their  food,  whieh  is  filh  and  fuch  maiine  producti- 
ons as  thsy  find  at  the  bottom  of  the  water.  They  are 
a  large  unAcUdly  flaggiih  animal  weighing  fome  of  them 
nine  hundred  ind  f^me  eleven  hundred  weight.  Their 
legs  ue  very  llvjrt  and  terminate  in  a  webed  membrane, 
with  which  they  fwim  very  fwift  and  are  very  aOive  in 
the  w.uer  though  exceeding  clumfy  out  of  that  ele- 
ment. They  are  amphibious  and  between  a  quadrupec^i 
and  a  fiih,  their  he  ids  are  fome  what  like  thofe  of  a  dog^ 
without  ears,  except  two  large  white  tufks  that  proje£t 
downward  from  the  upi>er  jaw  ?bout  eighteen  inches  or 
two  feet  ;  the¥  hrive  a  thick  Jkin  like  that  of  a  horfe, 
and  the  hair  iJof  a  chefnut  colour.  They  ari  exceed- 
ing fat,  and  will  produce  moie  than  a  barrel  of  oil. 

On  the  19th  we  lay  to  among  the  ice,  and  fent  th^ 
boats  to  the  ice  to  hunt  the  fen-horfe.  Killed  feveral 
*ind  brought  them  on  board^  but  it  was  thought  an  ill 
reward  for  their  labor  by  the  people  when  they  under- 
flood  that  the  llmrt  pittance  of  Evi  opean  food  was  to  be 
.  withheld  from  hem,  aid  this  fubflituted  in  its  loorti. 
Etif  Crtofc  was  deiermined  upon  the  point,  and  fit  th^ 
example  himfelf  by  making  it  his  conftant  food  while 
it  larted.  The  people  at  firft  mu.mered,  andatlafteat 
it  through  mert.  vexation  j  anij  ti  ing  to  fee  who  would 
cat  m oft  of  it  in  order  to  confume  it  the  fooner,  fome 
of  the  people  rather  overdid  the  matter,  which  produc- 
ing fome  laughable  circumftnnces,  the  Tars  fwoie  they 
would  eat  it  or  any  thing  ^Ife  that  Cook  did,  for  they, 
^^(t  c«rtaia  that  nothing  would  kill  him  in  the  he^vefji 


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above  or  the  earth  beneath  or  in  the  waters  under  the 
earth. 

On  the  aoth  we  continued  laboring  among  the  >ce* 
Lat.  this  day  70  9  long.  194  5S* 

)  Nothing  remirk'^ble  until  the  a^th  wh^n  we  had 
(  blowing  weather,  which  rend^r^d  our  fituation  anoong 
1  the  ice  dangerous.  This  occafioned  a  council  of  offi- 
cers, and  it  was  refolved  that  as  this  PalT.ige  was  iin- 
pra£^icable  for  an/  purpofe  of  navigation,  which  was 
the  great  obje£\  of  the  voyage  to  purfue  it  iv)  further 
at  Itaft  that  feafon.  The  fhips  too  were  in  bad  condi- 
tion, the  winter  approaching,  and  the  diftance  from  a- 
ny  known  place  of  refrelhment  very  great. 

On  the  28  th  we  left  the  ice  and  ftood  S.  S.  W. 
Oui  highell  lat.  being  71   17   long.  197. 

On  the  29rh  ftood.  more  to  the  weftward  with  a  view 
to  trace  the  ice  to  the  Afiatic   flioie. 

On  the  ifl  of  September  made  the  Afiatic  coaft  in 
lat.  58  10  long.  li  a  2. 

On  the  2d  we  pnffcd  again  the  two  capes M\at  form 
the  eattern  and  weftern  ex  tremfs  of  Afia  and  America, 
and  as  we  kept  the  middle  of  the  channel,  which  ii  a- 
bout  14  leagues  over,  had  the  plcafuie  to  fee  bot\  con- 
tinents at  once.  The  All  a  tic  cape  is  called  by  the 
Ruffi'tns  the  Ifrhutka  Nofs.  The  American  cape,  Cape 
Prince  of  Wales, 

From   this  w^    went    again  to  Norton's-Sound.    Our 

vifit  here  on  our   rout  to   northward  being  but    partial 

•  .,  and  the  fupplies  W(^  took  of  wood  and  water  being  but 

final  I  as  f  )on  as  we    could  find  a  road-ftead  we  anchor* 

ed,  determining  to  fupply  ourfclves  well  with  thofe  ar- 

-.  licle* 


..rt-ll 


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t  89  1 

ticles,  and  to  have  a  thorough  furvey  of  this  exr^nfive 
Sound.  This  detained  us  until  the  17th  d^y  of  Sep- 
tember.   We  were  vifited  b/ fome  of  the  natives  while 

ible   fupply  of  good  hfli. 


here,  and  purchafed  an  agrees 

We  alfo  lefrelhftd  ourfelves  much  by  our  exercifes  on 
Ihore  in  whicli  we  were  feldom  met  by  the  natives  and 
never  molefted.  The  country  h?»d  a  tolerable  appear- 
ance, generally  covered  with  wood  and  abounded  with 
ducks,  buftards,  eagles  and  other  fowl,  but  we  faw  no 
animals.  We  alfo  found  sn  unbounded  plenty  of  whurts, 
red  and  black  currants.  Thefe  curiofities  were  moft  in- 
duftrioufly  g?^hered  and  eat,  and  fuch  an  excellent  ef- 
fe£t  had  they  upon  us  that  when  we  left  this  place  the 
people  (who  from  long  confinement,  hard  duty,  fcanty 
and  almort  any  fare  had  become  pale,  languid  and  poor) 
were  transformed  into  new  beings  almoft,  and  were  li- 
terally grown  fat,  plump  and  rofy. 

On  the  17th  the  boats  that  were  fent  out  to  explore 
and  furvey  returned  having  tracid  the  found  to  the  head 
and  examined  both  Ihores. 

On  the  iS«h  we  weighed  and  failed  retracing  the 
coafts  we  had  before  explored,  without  any  paiiiculit 
(iifcoveries. 

On  the  25th  we  had  a  fevere  gale  of  wind,  and  the 
Refolution  again  fprung  a  leik,  which  was  fo  bad  that 
v»e  were  kept  pumping  ar  1  b;»iiing  niwhl  and  day  un- 
til we  again  got  into  Providence-Harbiiur.  We  p^ilfH 
f'lveral  illmds  daiing  our  run  to  Providtnce-llland,  which 
were  banen  and  uninhabited. 

On  the  99th  wei'e  Again  overtnl-fn  with  a  Cevere  gale 
tendered  doubly  fo  by  ihr:  eiiibairHlfuients  wt  were  al- 
tftidy  undci  from  our  leak.    »  ^     j 


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On  the  id  of  OOober  we  made  the  Ifland  of  Pro- 
viderice,  which  we  left  the  cjd  of  July  on  our  lout  to 
tlie  northward,  and  the  next  d.iy  enteicd  our  old  har- 
bour and  both  Ihips  moored  in  ("even  fathoms  clofe  in 
with  the  Ihore.  Our  tiift  care  was  to  examine  and  re- 
pair our  leak  which  we  immedi;^tely  fet  about.  When 
thi"?  matter  was  completed,  we  overhauled  our  ringing, 
caulked  the  upper  works,  and  then  watered.  We  had 
aho  in  the  me^in  time  fet  our  armourers  and  fmiih*  at 
work  to  cut  up  a  fp.ire  bower  anchor  and  work  it  into 
hatchets,  fpikes,  and  fuch  other  forms  as  would  beft 
^nfwer  the  pjrpofes  of  traffic  among  the  tropical  ifland* 
where  W(i  were  now  going  to  wait  the  return*  of  an- 
other feifon  in  ordar  to  make  a  fecond  attempt  for  the 
Paira/,e,  though  in  h£\  we  were  well  convinced  alrea- 
dy of  its  non-exillence.  Cook  alone  feemed  bent  upon 
a  fecond  tiial. 

.   -'V  I  have   before    obferved    that  we  had   noticed  many 
*\^  'y  appearances  to    the    eafl^vard  of  this,    as  far  almoft  as 
^/'^'y/^andwich -.Sound,  of  an  Kuropenn  intercouife,    and  that 
^^^•*^;>"^we  hr«d  at   this  ifljnd  in   particular   met  with  circum- 
\r-     Vft^nces  that  did  not  only  indicate    fuch  an   mtercourfe 
^^.        but   feemed    i\rnnv,\y    to  intimate   thwt  f  me    Europeans 
'  '^         were  ;fi\u;illy  fomewhere  on  the  fpot.     I'he  appearancei 
that  foriiied   th^fe  conjct^U'es  were  fu^h  a*?  thefe:    Wc 
f' und  a-iiong  the  iohahiiants  of  this  ifland    two  differ- 
ent kinds  of  people,  the  one  we  knew    to  be  the   abo- 
liiiines  of  America,  while    we    fuppofed  the    others    to 
have  Come  from  the  oppoUre  (^oafts  of  Alia.     7'here  were 
two  different  dialc^^s  alio  obferved,  and  we  found  them 
fond  of  tv»bncco,  nun,  and  fnuff,  tobacco  weevenf«^und 
them  polfefTed  of,    and  we  obfeived  fevrral  blue  linen 
ih\its  and  drawers  Jinionk*  them.     Hut  the   mofl  remark- 
u     able  circumflmce  wni  a  c.ike  of  lye-nieal  newly  baVcd 
with  a  piiceof  falaion  ia  it  feafoned  with  pepper  arKl  fait, 

*  xvhich 


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of  Pro- 
lout  to 
[)ld  har- 
clofe  in 
and  re- 
VVhen 

Wc  had 


which  was  brought  and  prtfented  to  Cook  by  a  comely 
young  chief  attended  by  two  of  thofe  Indians  which 
wc  fuppofed  to  be  Afntics.  The  chief  feenied  Jmxious 
to  explain  to  Cook  the  meaning  of  the  piefent  and  the 
purport  of  his  vifit,  iind  he  was  fo  far  fuccefsfiil  as  to 
perfuade  him  that  theie  weie  feme  ftrangers  in  the  coun- 
try, who  were  white,  and  had  Come  over  the  great  wa- 
tf^rs  in  a  vetTel  fomewhat  like  ours,  and  though  not  fo 
laige  was  yet  much  larger  than  theirs.      ^\    ^      \^,,.\ 

In    cc^nfrquence   of  this  Crok  w^^s  df^termined  to  cx- 
jjl  fc  the  "11. nd.     It  was  ditticult  however  to  Hx  upon  a 
plan,    that  would  at  once    anfwer  the  purpofes  of  r^fe- 
ty  Jind  expedition  :  An  armed  body  would  proceed  11  )W- 
ly,   but  if  thfy  Ihould   be  cut  off  by  the   Indians,    the 
lofs  in  our  prefent  circumftances  would  b-  irreparable, 
and  a  fingle  perfon   would  entirely  ri/k  his   life  though 
he  would  b'^  much  more  expcditiotjs  if  unmolelled,  nnd 
if  he  Ihiuld  be  killed  the  lofs  wculd  be  (^nly  one.     The 
Inter    feemed    the    beft,      but     it    feemed    extremely 
hard  to  fingle  out  an  individual  and  command  him  to 
go  upon  fuch  an  expedition,  and  it  was  theiefoie  thought 
proper  to  fend  a  volunteer,  or  none.     I  wa?  at  this  tiii.e 
^nd  indeed  ever  after  an  intimate  friend  of  John  Gore 
lifq;  Hrft  lieutenant  of  the  Refolution,  a  native  of  Ame- 
rica as  well  as  myf«lf,  and  tuperior  to  me  in  command, 
he  rec  >mmended  me  to  Capt.  Cook  to  undertake  the  ex- 
pedition, with  which  I  immediUely  acquiefced.     Capt. 
Cook  ailured  me  that  he  was  happy    I   had   underial<en 
the  rout  as   he  was  confrious  I  Ihould  peife.vere,    and 
after  giving  me  feme  inltiui^ions  how  to  proceed  he  wifli- 
i eel  me  well  and  defired    1  would  not   be  longer  abfent 
than  a  week  if  pdTible,  at  the  expiration  of  which  he 
JHiould  expefy  me  to  return.     If  I  did  not  return  by  thai 
[time  he  Ihmild  wait  another  week  for  me,  and  no  Ioniser, 
[fhe  youn^  chief  bcfoie-mentioned  and  hii  two  attend- 
ant! 

•V''  ,       •  ♦■-  -         ■''"-. 


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'!  U: 


anfs  were  to  be  my  guide.  I  took  with  me  fome  pre- 
ffiits  ridapted  to  the  (afte  of  the  Indians  fome  brandy-  in 
boftlesand  Lme  bread,  but  no  other  provifions.  Iwet 
entirely  unarmed  by  the  advice  of  Capt.  Cook.  The 
firft  day  we  proceeded  about  i^  miles  into  the  interior 
part  of  the  ill  and  without  any  remaikable  occuiience 
until  we  ajjproached  a'villai^e  juft  before  n^ght.  This 
I'illage  Confil^ed  of  aboutthi.ty  huts,  fome  of  them  large 
and  fpacibuS  though  not  very  high.  The  huts  are  com- 
pofed  of  a  kind  of  flight  fiame  ere£\ed  over  a  fqu;iie 
hole  funk  alJout  4  feet  into  ihe  ground;  the  frniiie  is 
covered  at  the  bottom  with  turf  and  upwards  it  is 
thatched  with  coaife  grafs  j  the  whole  village  was  out 
to  fee  us  and  men,  women  and  childien  crnuded  ^bout 
nis,  I  was  Conduced  by  the  youn^  Chief  who  was  my 
^uide  and  fecmed  proud  an<l  alTiduc^js  toferveme  into  one 
of  the  Inrgert  hults.  I  w.is  furprized  at  the  behaviour  oi 
the  Indians,  for  though  they  were  curious  to  fee  me,  ytt 
they  did  not  exprefs  thU  extraordin;iry  curiofity  that 
would  be  expc^\ed  had  they  never  feen  an  European  be- 
fore, and  I  was  gUdto  perceive  it,  asitw^^an  evidence 
in  favor  of  what  I  wiihed  to  find  true  viz.  tliat  there 
were  Europeans  now  amoog  them.  The  women  of  the  houfe 
which  werealmoll  the  only  ones  I  had  feen  at  this  Iflind 
were  much  more  tolerable  than  I  expe£\ed  to  have  found 
them,  one  in  particular  feemed  very  bufy  to  pleafe  me,  to 
hT  therefore  I  m^idefeveral  prefents  with  which  (he  was 
extremely  well  pleafed.  As  it  was  now  dark,  my  young 
chief  intimalfd  to  m6  that  we  muft  tarry  where  we 
we.e  that  night,  and  proceed  further  the  next  day; 
to  which  I  very  readily  ccnceeded,  being  much  fatigued. 
Our  enteitainmf-nt  the  fubfequeni  pait  of  the  e\ening 
did  not  confilt  of  much  delicacy  or  variety;  they  had 
f.me  dyed  tilh,  and  1  hnd  feme  bread  and  fomcfpirits, 
of  which  we  all  p;irtiripated.  Cciemony  was  not  in- 
vited to  the  feart,  and  n.iture  prefided  over  the  enter- 
iHimuent  until  morning.    At  day-light  Pciphceia  (which 

W4S 


t 


93 


] 


was  tl?e  name  of  the  young  chief  that  w^i  my  |;uidc-) 
let  me  know  he  waa  ready  to  go  on,  upon  which  I  flung 
off  the  (kins  I  had  flept  in,  put  on  my  ihoes  and  out- 
fid'»  veft,  and  arofe  to  accompany  him,  after  repeating 
my  prefents  to  my  fiitndiy  guefts.  We  had  hitheitq 
tr.iveiled  in  a  northerly  dire6iqn,  but  novy  went  to  th« 
wertward  and  fouthward.  I  was  now  fo  much  relieved 
{rom  the  apprehenfion  of  any  infult  or  injury  from  tha 
Indians,  that  my  journey  would  have  b«en  even  agree- 
able had  I  not  been  taken  lame,  with  a  fwelling  in  l^^« 
feet,  which  rendered  it  extr*?mely  painful  to  walk  j  the 
country  was  alfo  rough  and  hilly,  and  the  weather  we* 
j^nd  cold.  About  3  hours  before  dark  we  came  to  a  largo 
bay,  which  appealed  to  be  4  leagues  over.  Here  my 
guide,  Perpheela  took  a  canoe  and  all  our  baggage, 
and  fer  off,  feemingly  to  crofs  the  bay.  lie  appeared 
to  leave  me  in  an  abrupt  manner,  and  told  npe  to  fol- 
low the  two  attendants.  ^  his  gave  me  foriie  un«afinef$, 
I  now  followed  l^erpheela's  two  attendants,  keeping 
the  bay  in  vinw,  but  we  had  not  gone  al?ovc  fix  milet 
before  we  faw  a  canoe  approaching  us  from  the  oppofita 
iidr.ni  the  bay,  in  which  were  two  Indians,  aafoon  as  my 
guides  faw  the  canoe  we  ran  to  the  (hore  frcm  tho 
hills  and  hailed  them,  and  finding  they  did  not  hoar  u«, 
we  got  fome  bulhes  and  waved  them  in  the  air,  which 
they  faw,  and  Itood  dire£\ly  for  us.  This  canoe  wa* 
fent  by  Perpheela  to  bring  me  aciofs  the  bay,  and  lhoi,t- 
en  the  dillance  of  the  JQurney.  ^ 

It  was  beginiiing  to  be  dark  when  the  canoe  came 
to  us.  It  was  a  ikin  canoe  after  the  Equimaux  plan 
with  two  holes  to  accommodate  two  fetters.  The  In- 
dians that  came  in  the  cano«  talked  a  little  with  my 
two  guides,  and  then  came  to  me  and  defired  I  would 
get  into  the  canoe,  which  I  did  not  very*  readily  a- 
grec  to,  however,  as  there  wai  no  other  place  for  me 
bat  to  be  tluuft  into  the  fpace  between  the  holes  ex- 
-     "    "  *V  tended 


.# 


tmi 


ii.    I' 


il~-2L.:.:.L.i. 


L.JI 


F% 


t 


:i       .'ij 


.       W'''t 


Ul 


I        94        1 

tended  at  Icnf^th  upon  my  back  and  wholly  excluded 
from  fcfcinc^  the  way  I  went  or  the  power  of  extucn- 
in^  myfelf  upon  inny  emeigenry.  But  as  iherc  Wiis  no 
alternative  I  fubinitted  thus  to  be  rtowed  aw,iy  in  bulk, 
and  went  head  forcmoft  very  fwift  throuy;h  the  water 
about  an  hour,  when  I  felt  the  canoe  rtii^e  a  be.^ch, 
and  afterwards  lifted  up  ^md  carried  fonie  difiance,  and 
then  fet  down  again,  after  which  I  was  drawn  out  by 
the  fhoulders  by  three  or  four  men,  for  it  was  now  fo 
da  k  I  could  not  tell  who  they  were,  though  I  whs  ct^n- 
fcious  I  heard  a  linguiKc  thnt  was  new.  I  was  con- 
du£\ed  by  two  of  thofe  perfons  who  appeared  to  be 
ttran^ers  about  40  rods,  when  I  faw  fome  lights  and  a 
number  of  huts  like  thofe  I  left  in  the  morninc;.  A« 
we  approached  one  of  them  a  door  opened,  and  dif- 
covercd  a  lamp,  by  which  to  my  joy  ^ndfurpri/e  I  dif- 
eovered  that  th«  two  men  who  held  me  by  e^ch  arm 
were  two  Europeans,  fair  and  comely,  and  concluded 
from  their  appeaiance  they  were  Ruflians,  which  I  foon 
after  found  to  be  true.  As  we  entered  the  hut  which  was 
partir.ularly  Ionj<  I  faw  aranged  on  each  fide  a  platform 
of  plank  a  number  of  Indians,  who  all  bowed  to  me, 
and  as  I  :idvanced  to  the  faither  end  of  the  hut  the  a-  . 
ran^ment  was  compofed  of  other  KufTins.  When  I 
reached  the  end  of  the  room  I  was  featedon  a  bench  ' 
Covered  with  furr-fkins,  and  as  I  was  much  fatigued, 
wet  and  cold,  I  had  a  change  of  garments  brought  me, 
confifling  of  a  blue  lilk  fViirt  and  drawers,  a  furr-cap, 
b  ots  and  gown,  all  which  I  put  on  with  the  fame  chear-  I 
fulnefs  they  were  prefeiUed  with.  Hofpitality  is  a  vir-4, 
tue  peculiar  to  man,  and  the  obligation  is  as  great  to.  \ 
receive  as  to  confer.  As  foon  as  I  was  rendered  warm 
And  comfortible  a  table  was  fet  before  me  with  a  lamp 
upon  it;  all  the  Rufli?<ns  in  the  houfc  fet  down  round 
me,  and  the  hottlcs  of  fpiiits,  tobacco,  fnuff,  and  what- 
ertr  Pcrphccla  had  was  brought  and  fcl  upon  it ;  thefe 

/.  I  pre  fen  ted 


.  •  <'^': 


mmm 


Ime, 
to    ^ 


iim 

md 
lat- 
lefe 
ted 


<\ 


I        95        1 

I  prerrnted  to  the  company,  intimating  that  th?y  wcce 
pr^fenis  ftom  Commodor«  Cook,  who  was  an  Englilh- 
•nin.  On^^  of  the  company  then  gave  me  to  underrtand, 
that  all  the  white  people  I  faw  there  were  fubjef^s  of 
the  Emprefs  oatharine  of  Ruflla,  and  rofe  and  kiffed  my 
hand  the  reft  uncovering  their  heads.  I  then  inform- 
ed them  as  well  as  I  could  that  Commodore  Cook  want* 
cd  to  fee  fome  of  th'^m,  and  had  fent  me  there  to  coq- 
du£\  them  to  our  ftiips.  Thefe  preliminaries  ov#ji  we 
had  fome  fupper,  which  confifled  of  fome  boiled  whale 
holybret  fried  in  oil,  and  fome  broiled  falmon.  The 
latter  I  eat,  and  they  give  me  fome  rye-bread,  but 
would  eat  none  of  it  themfelves,  but  they  were  very  fond 
of  the  rum,  which  they  drank  without  any  mixture  or 
mcafure.  I  had  a  very  comfortable  bed  compofed  of 
different  fur-fkins  both  under  and  over  me,  and  beine 
harraffed  the  preceeding  day  I  went  foon  to  reft.  After 
I  had  lain  down  the  Kufliana  affemblcd  the  Indians  in 
a  very  filent  manner,  and  faid  prayers  after  the  manner 
©f  the  Greek  Church,  which  is  much  like  the  Roman. 
I  could  not  but  obferve  with  what  particular  fatisfac- 
tion  the  Indians  performed  their  devoirs  to  God  through 
the  medium  of  their  little  crucitixes,  and  with  what 
pleafure  they  went  through  the  multitude  tA  ceremonies 
attendant  on  that  fortof  woiftiip.  I  think  it  a  religion  the 
fcell  calculated  in  the  wotld  to  gain  profclytes  when  the 
fc  pie  are  either  unwilling  or  unable  to  fpeculafe,  or 
where  they  cannot  be  made  acquainted  with  the  hifto- 
ry  and  principles  of  chiiftianity  without  a  formal  td\i-. 
taiion.  V 

I  had  a  very  comfortable  nights  reft,  and  did  not  wake 
the  next  morn  ng  untill  late.  As  foon  at  I  was  up  I  was 
condu£^ed  to  a  hutt  at  a  little  diftance  from  the  one  I  had 
flf.pt in,  where  I  faw  a  number  of  platforms  raifed  about 
three  feet  rrom  th*  ground,  and  covered  with  dry  coarfe 
gtafi  and  fume  IbaU  green  bulltei.    Theie  were  fevei.il 

of 


'<M»»# 


rir 


-> 


/|'! ' 


I!!- 


t      y^      3 

oTtKe  RuflbhV ilrc'a^Jjr  here  befides  th»fe  that  cnnduA eel 
liie,  aiidfeVeral  Indians  who  were  hejitin^  fume  waiter  i^ 
^large  copper  caldron  over  a  furnace,  the'heat  of  which 
aiid  the  ftem  which  evaporated  from  the  h^t  water  ren- 
dered the  hutt  which  vrasvery  tight  extreemly  hot  and 
iliflfocating.    I  foon  und^erftood  this   was  a  hot  bath  of 
vniick'I  was  aifked  to  itiake  ufe  of  in  fuc  h  a  friendly  nnnner 
arid' the'appatatiis*beinc5  a  little  curious  fo  that  I  conceed- 
cfl  to'l^ibqt'before  I  had  finiftiedundreflTingmyfelf,  I  was 
oVfercortie' by  the'fudden  tranfition  of  the  air,  fainted  aw^iy 
and  fell  back'upoh  the  platform  I  was  fitting  on.    I  was 
hWeve'r  foon  relieved  by  having  fome   cold  and   lu?e-: 
ytztm  water  a'dminiftered  to  my  face  and  different  parts  of 
gjybbdy,     I  finifliedundrefling  myfelfi^nd   proceeded  as 
Tfaw  the  rert  do,  who  were  now  all  naked:  the    Indians 
Who  (ervcd  us  brought  us  as  we  fot  or  extended  ourfelves 
oft  the  platforms  water  of  different  temperature  from  that' 
Which  was  as  hot  as  we  could  bear  to  quite  cold.     The 
hot' Water  was  accompanied  with  fome  hard  foap  and* 
flefli-brufli;  it  was  not  however  throwri  on  the  body  from 
the  difli,  but  fpiinkled  on  with  the  green  bullies,  after  this 
the  water  made  ufe  of  was  lefs  warm,  and  by  feveral  grada- 
tions became  at  lafl  quite  ffiold  which  concliideci  the  cere- 
mony, and  we  again  dreffed  and  returned  to  our   lodgings, 
wliere  pur  breakfaft  was  (inoaking  oh  the  table,  but  the  fla- 
vor of  our  feaft  as  well  asits  appearance  had  nearly  pro- 
duced a. rehpfc  in  my  fpirits,  ?indno,doubt  would  if  I  had 
not  had  recour'fe  to  fome  of  the  brandy  I  had  broUgh,t  which 
happily  fa ved  me.    I  was  a  good  deial  u'nealy  leaft   the 
cauie  of   my  difcompofure  (hould  difoblige  my  friends^ 
who  meant totreat  me  in  the  beft  manner  they  could.    I 
therefore  attributed  ray  illnefs  te  the  bath  which  might 
poflibly  have  partly  occafioned  it,  for  I  an\  not  very  fub- 
jeO  to  fainting.     I  t:ould  eit  none  of  the  breakfaft  howf » 
ver,  though  far  from  wanting  an  appetite:  it  was  roottly 
of  whale,  fea-horfe  and  bear,  which,    though  fmoaked, 
4r^e4.4od'b9iied,  produced  acorn  pi^Uion  of  foiells  very' 

uffcnllve 


p* 


t 


97 


3 


olf'Tifivdatnltifior  ten  in  the  mornins:.      I  theref)r6  de- 
fired  I  misjht  have  a  peice  of  fmoaked  Salnion  broiled  dry, 
which  I  eat  with  fome  of  my  own  bifcuit.     After  breakfaf^ 
1  intended  to  have i>t  ofF on  my  return  tothelhips  though 
there  came  on  a  dif'agreable  fnow  ftorm.     But  my  new 
found  friends  objeOed  to  it,  and    gave  me  to  underftand 
that  T  (hould  go  the  next  day,  and  if  I  chofe  thrre  of  ihem 
would  accompany  me,  this  I  immediuely  agreed   to  as  it 
anticipated  a  favor  I  intended  to  have  ailted  them, though 
I  before  much  doubted  whether  they  would  comply  with 
it.     I  amufedmyfelf  withindoors  while  it  fnowed  with- 
out, by  writing  d')wna  few    wordsof  the   ori^mal   lan- 
guages of  the  American  Indians,   and  the  Afiatics  who 
came  over  to  this   coaft   with  thefe    Ruffians  from  Kam- 
chatka.   The  Numerals    in   the  two    languages    are   as 
follows. 


Am^j^ican, 

Tantucic 
Aulu<lk 

Konmqueet 

Chauung 

Auiung 

Oolocng 

Kamichew 

Schee 

Kaufuck 

Seet 


Kamchatka. 

Ezuck 
K.nilli 

Choke 
C'hauke       ^ 
Komoolke 
Kilkokc      ,.  J.  . 
kklunnoko^'^'*' 
Choketunnoke 
Chaukturnoke 
To  woo  f<  5 


Englidi. 

One 
Two 

Thiee 
Vour 
Five 
Six 
Seven 
Eit^ht 
Nine 
Ten 


I  Ihall  not  mnke  any  particular  obfervations  on  the 
foregoing  fpecitn^^ns,  hut  content  myfelf  that  I  have 
brought  thofe  new  and  remote  languaires  to  the  clofe'sof 
my  countrymen,  whofe  learned  eafe  will  -better  enable 
them  to  improve  fuch  an  objeO  ^f  curiofity  in  invcfljgat- 
ing  the  origin  of  nations  than  Imiv-ht  do  myfelf.  Thefe 
languages  however  aie  fo  i^uttural  that  it  was  equally  dif- 
ftcuUfQims  tocbtainasit  is  to  ccmmuQic^te  their  tiue 


m 


\ 


*^> 


N 


found 


wr 


^1 


m\  \ 


Wl'iffl 


!ili:il 


»";' 


H:l!; 


V:|! 


J 


I'l 


t         9«         3 

I'oundby  our  orthography,  and  thofe  who  fpeak  it  prfj. 
p-^.'ly  muftdoitliGuttu  e,  Per  Labia,  In  Palate,  et  Per 
D^ntes, -^8  they  would  the  Hebrewwhich  it  fo  much  re- 
femble^c.  The  word  Schee  which  ftands  for  eight  in  the 
Hrtof  American  ni'meials,  is  indeed  very  nearly  likcthe 
Hebrew  word  Sehin.  Indeed  (he  guttural  is  theuniver- 
fil  and  radical  pronounciationof  all  the  aboriginal  lan- 
guages on  this  continent,  from  Greenland  to  the  Iftmus 
of  D^rien,  and  from  Nova  Ztmbla  all  over  the  northern 
parts  of  Europe  and  Afia. 

In  the  afternoon  the  weather  cleared  up  and  I  went  out 
to  fee  how  thofe  Rullian  adventurers  were  fituated.  I 
found  the  whole  village  to  contain  about  30  huts,  all  of 
which  were  built  partly  under  Ifcijround,  and  covered  with 
tuif  at  the  bottom,  and  coarfe  grafs  at  the  tops. 

The  only  dircumftance  that  can  recommend  them  is  their 
warmth,  which  is  occafioned  partly  by  their  manner  of 
conftni£\ion,  and  pirtly  by  a  kind  of  oven,  in  which  they 
conliantly  keep  a  fire  night  and  day.  They  deep  on  plat- 
forms built  »n  each  fide  of  the  hutt,  on  which  they  havea 
number  of  Bear  and  other  fkins,  which  renders  them  com- 
fortable, H  asth^y  have  been  educated  in  a  hardy  manner, 
they  need  little  or  no  other  fuppostthnn  what  they  procu.e 
from  the  Tea,  and  from  hunting.  The  number  of  Kufliins 
w-re  about  30,  and  tlT^y  had  wi*h  them  about  70  Kam- 
rh-^dalc?,  or  Indi:in!»  from  Kamchatka,  thefe  with  fome  of 
tlie  American  Indians  whom  they  hid  entered  into  friend- 
thip  with  occupied  the  village,  enjoyed  every  benefit  in 
common  with  the  Riifiiins,  and  were  converts  to  their  Re- 
ligion. Such  other  of  the  aborigines  of  the  iflandas  hid 
not  become  converts  to  their  ft-'ntlments  in  religious  and 
civil  matters,  were  excluded  f-om  fuch  pririlegeu  and 
were  prohibited  to  wear  certain  arms-  I  alfo  found  a 
fmall  11  lop  of  about  30  to/is  burthen  laying  in  a  cove  be- 
hind th«  vilhr.:e,  and  a  hutt  near  h«r  containing  her  fails, 

cordagS) 


."■p 


t 


99 


1 


cordage,  and  other  fea  equipage,  and  one  old  Iron  three- 
pounder.  It  is  natural  to  an  ingenious  mind  when  it  enters  a 
town,  a  houfe,  or  (hip  that  has  been  rendered  fan.ous  by  any" 
particular  events  to  feel  the  full  foice  of  that  pleafure 
which  refults  from  the  complealeit  fatisfa£\ion  that  chfi 
be  obtained  to  gratify  a  noble  curiofity.  I  was  nofoon- 
er  informed  that  this  floop  was  the  fsme  in  which  the  (p- 
mous  Bheering  had  performed  ihofc  difcoveries  which  dd 
him  fo  much  honor,  and  his  country  fuch  great  fervices, 
than  I  was  determined  logo  on  board  of  her  and  indulge 
the  generous  feelings  the  occafion  required.  I  iniima- 
ed  my  ^ilhss  to  the  man  that  accompanied  rr.e  who  went 
back  to  the  village  and  brought  a  canoe  in  which  we  went 
on  board,  where  I  remained  about  an  hour,  and  then  le- 
tu.ned, 

Bheerinfi^wag  a  Ruffian  by  biah,  and  like  his  prede- 
ccffor  and  Prince,  Czar  Pe»ei  feemed  born  to  render 
tho!c  fervices  to  his  country  which  none  but  the  really 
g  eit  and  thofe  obftinately  bent  on  doing  good  can  do. 
Thpre  is  a  hiftory  of  his  life  and  difcoveries  extant,  but 
I  have  never  had  the  happinefs  to  fee  it.  though  I  wag 
informed  Cook  had  it  with  him.  I  am  therefore  under  the 
neceflSty  of  recommending  my  readers  to  this  hiftory  for  a 
more  p€ife£\  account  of  his  proceedings  in  general  as  well 
as  thofe  which  concern  the  prefent  voyage,  than  what  I 
am  n-^wable  to  furnifli  them  with  for  the  want  of  if.  lam 
inclined  to  wifli  that  fo  great  a  chara£\er  as  Cook's  could 
not  be  ftained  by  envy.  Eut  it  is  an  abfolurc  faO  that 
Bheering's  difcoveries  upon  the  coafts  of  America  from 
th^  latitudes  59  N.  and  longitudes  2  17"  E.  to  the  ifl.ind 
of  Providence,  and  from  thence  taking  the  coart  in  gene- 
ral to  the  two  famous  capes,  the  Ifcut/ka  Nofs,  andCapr 
Prince  of  Wales  were  ?intecedint  to  Cooks,  and  they  not 
only  much  facilitated  his  own  navigation,  bat  deprived 
him  of  th »  honor  of  being  the  fole  difcoverer  «f  the  N.  W. 
continent  of  America,  though  it  muft   be  acknowlcdgetl 

that 


!i|:f,;n 


'!Ml 


;ii- 


"    ;lVl"   '\       ;l''i» 


-  '  ■  •      .■>'■■    F    I U 

■  m" 


m 

.H 


:iM]j::!lil!ii!;w» 


^^•^'—^•"W 


' 


'J 


.1'  li 


'I 


n-if 


t  ' 


!   'II 


I 


loo 


1 


ih'it  Bhecring's  knowledf^e  of  fuch  partsas  he  did  ex- 
plore were  incorre£^,  imperfe£\  and  infinitely  below  ihe 
ConluniiTiatc  acruincy  of  Cook.  Hheerini^'s  difcoveiiei 
were  ihofe  of  an  obfcure  un  flifted  genius  who  had  every 
difficuly  to  fiinnount  that  cm  be  thought  incident  to  4 
man  iUiberally  educated,  and  tcfuch  a  vart  undeitaking, 
and  Cook's,  thofe  of  a  perfon  whofe  hme  had  already 
been  eftabllhed,  whofe  genius  hid  all  the  ^iTirt 'nee  ofatt, 
and  whofe  equipments  in  other  refpe£ts  wetc  the  iiudied 
accomodations  of  the  gieateft  nautical  kingdcm  oneaith. 

This  little  bark  belon.a;fd  to  Kan.chatka,  and  came 
from  there  with  the  Afiatics  already  mentioned  to  thii 
ifland  (which  they  call  Oo^nalatchka  )  in  order  to  eliablilh 
;»  ^^^ It  and  fur  factory.  They  had  br.en  here  :^.Vou\  fi\e 
yeirs,  and  go  over  to  Kimchatka  in  h?r  once  a  ye.ir  to  de- 
liver ihtiir  merchandiz-e,  and  Ret  a  recruit  of  luch  fup- 
plifjeas  they  need^fmm  the  chief  faOoiy  there,  of  wluch  I 
ihill  take  further  notice  hercHiter. 

The  next  day  1  fet  off  from  this  village  well  fatisfied 
with  the  happy  iifueof  a  rout  which  Wris  now  asagieabie 
as  it  was  at  firfl  undefi  table.  I  was  accoiiipanicd  by  three 
of  the  principle  KulTians  and  feme  atiendantij.  We  em- 
barked at  the  village  in  a  large  Ikin  bo.it  much  lite  cui 
large  whale-boats  rowing  wiihiz  oar8,andr8we  ft  uck 
diieOiy  acrofs  the  bay  we  Ihortcned  cur  diHince  feveral 
nM!*«,  andthe  next  day  p^iImg  the  fame  village  I  had 
befoie  been  at,  we  arrived  by  lundown  at  the  bay  where 
the  Ihips  lay,  and  before d.irk  I  f^ot  on  board  with  our  new 
jic<4U  lintancc.  The  fatisfaainn  this  difcoveiy  gave  Cook, 
i.iid  the  honor'  that  redounded  to  me  ni  7  be  cafily  ima- 
gined, wnd  the  feveral  conjraurca  lefpe^ing  the  api^eai- 
ancc  of  a  foitign  intercourfe  letliUcd  and  ccntjrm^d, 


'J    l.^t    .All   im  .   %   ^'«><j 


Hrovidence-lllmd    is  Jtbout    19    leagues  in  circumfe- 
rence, and  about  3  miles  from  the  mam^  hilly  and  bar- 
i^n  a«  to  limbtr.  >jnd  fuch  a«  the/  make  uUi  of  u  wh;ii 
-r  drifii 


wmmm 


^m§ 


t 


101 


1 


drifts  upon  the  fliorea  from  different  p?.rt8  of  the  coat^ 
on  the  coniinent.  It  produces  however  feveral  plants 
and  riowcis  common  to  the  climate,  and  among  others  a 
plenty  of  whuris.  %  * 

■     ,.  .      L-r    ;.,-,; J/     • 

.  On  the  firft  of  November  we  fet  fail,  and  paflTmg  through 
the  ftrei^hts  to  the  fouthward  loft  lij^ht  of  Providence 
Iflmd  fteerine;  e^iftward  and  fouthwaid  toward  Sandwich 
-11  ind?.We  had  now  been  nine  months  updn  the  coaft  of  A- 
mTica,  we  had  feen  and  futfered  a  great  deal,  and  wc  had 
ftill  more  to  fee  no  doubt,  but  I  believe  nobody  thoup,ht 
more  to  fuffer.  We  had  however  the  agreable  relied^ion 
of  havingexplored  the  greateft  part  of  the  unknown  coafts 
of  northern  and  weftcrn  America,  and  of  having  affcer- 
tained  and  fixed  the  cxa£t  limita  to  the  whole  of  it ,  ai 
well  as  the  northern  and  eaftern  coafts  of  Afia,  and  the 
iftmdsinthe  intermediate  ocean.    ..     .,        .;  .....  f  .; 

We  met  with  no  particular  occurrences  on  our  paf- 
fage  (\<m  Airerica  to  Sandwich  Iflands,  Cook  was  ve- 
ry much  inclined  to  think  there  were  other  illands  con- 
tiguous to  thofe  we  had  alre.dy  difcoveied,  and  dif- 
tint^uiihed  by  that  appellatim  en  our  rout  to  the  north- 
waid,  and  th.it  ihtty  lay  to  the  eaftwaid,  with  this  view. 
we  failed  eiiftward  until  we  found  ouifelves  in  the  lat* 
of  Attowdi,  and  that  ill.jnd  4  decrees  weft  we  then  lun. 
down  the  long  it.     This  unfwcicd   Cook's   expeiUtions. 

And,  ^ 

^       ,-.  .  ,ff    ..  '        .  -.  ^  . .  ^  J-   ,  ",     ■ 

On  tb.e  46th  of  November  we  difcovered  land  a  de- 
;;ree«  raft  of  Attowai,  which  we  pfierwaids  found  to  be 
an  iflind  called  by  the  natives  Hawyl-.ce  or  Owyhee.    , 

On  tn'e  f7th  in  fa i line;  m  with  Ow^^ee  we  difco* 
vcied  another  ift^ind,  cal'ed  by  the  n^itivs  Mauwee, 
w.hich  i«  nearly  in  light  of  Alfowai,  ihclV*  ^^ith  Nehun, 
Nehow^   Maggadoo  and  fome  other  fmall  iilundi  com- 

pofe 


-I 


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:« ii 


r/'-j 


wmm 


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Fi  ■      I 


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102 


1 


^fe  a  group  of  ten  illands  moftly  in  fis^ht  of  each  other, 
cnmprehendinK  Jihout  '^i  of  lat.  and  f  decrees  of 
longitude.  Owyhee  which  in  the  cat^ernmoft  and  nnoft 
Cunfiderable,  lies,  in  lat..  19  28  north,  and  104  e^ft 
lon/it.  fjom  Greenwich,  is  nearly  in  a  parallel  latitude 
with  Cape  L'ic^s,  \A,hirh  is  the  fouthernmott  ptrt  of  Ca- 
lifornia m  i^outh-Ameaca,  and  is  about  900  league« 
•diftant  frcm  it.  -  •  '    .'  '        '  •'•   '       1 

It  wai  in^m^'diately  and  very  naturally  fuppofed,  that 
Cool''8  fiift  objeO  now  would  be  to  rind  a  harbcur,  where 
our  weathe.  beaten  ihips  might  be  repaired,  and  our 
fatigued  crews  receive  the  rewards  due  to  their  pcr- 
fcvcrancc  and  toil  through  fo  great  a  piece  of  naviga- 
tion as  we  had  performed  the  lart  nine  or  ten  months, 
but  it  waa  not  fo,  and  we  continued  laying  off  and  on 
the  north  fide  of  Mauwee,  and  particularly  Owyhee 
until  the  7th  of  December  without  any  other  fuppliet 
than  what  was  brought  off  to  us  by  the  natives  in  their 
eanoet  feme  leagues  from  the  flioie.  This  condu£\  of 
the  commander  in  chief  was  highly  reprobated  and  at 
la  ft  rcmonftiatsd  a^ainlt  by  the  people  on  board  both 
(hips,  as  it  appeared  very  maniff-ft  that  Cook's  conduft 
wai  wholly  inHuenced  by  motives  of  intereft,  to  which 
he  was  evidently  faciificing  not  only  the  fliips,  but 
the  healths  and  happincf*  of  the  brave  men,  who  were 
weaving  the  laurel  that  was  hereafter  to  adorn  his  brows. 

On  the  8fh  of  December  we  ftretched  to  the  fouth- 
ward  and  eaftwa.d  in  oid^r  to  get  round  to  the  fouth- 
etn  fide  of  Owyhee  and  get  into  a  harbour,  but  it  wai 
the  I  6th  of  January  before  we  found  one,  owing  part- 
ly to  the  predetci mined  delays  of  the  commander, 
and  partly  to  b^d  wcaiher. 

On  the  17th  rf  Janinry,  t  779,  we  entered  our  harbour, 
which  was  a  commodious  bayfituato  nearly  in  the  middle 


«f  •.#■'( 


'V 


l!*i' 


.  f 


mm 


Iddle 


m(  the  fouth  fide  of  Owyhee,  and  about  a  ofile  and  a 
half  deep,  the  cxtirmcs  of  the  bay  c^iftant  about  two 
miles.  We  entered  with  both  fliips,  and  anchored  in  7 
fathoms  water  about  the  middle  of  the  bay  having  an 
one  fide  a  town  containing  about  300  hundred  houfea 
railed  by  the  inhabitants  Kiverua,  and  on  the  ©the? 
fide  a  town  containing  1 100  houfes,  and  called  Kire- 
k^koo^.  While  we  were  entering  the  bay  which  they 
called  KireVakooa  after  the  town  Kirekakooa  we  weic 
furrounded  by  fo  great  a  number  of  canoes  that  Cook  or- 
dered two  officers  into  each  top  to  number  thfm  with 
as  much  exa£1nefs  as  they  could,  and  as  they  both  ex- 
ceeded 3000  in  their  amounts  I  fliall  with  fafety  far 
there  was  2500  pnd  as  there  were  upon  an  a  vara  ye  <S 
perfons  at  leaft  in  each  canoe  it  will  follow  that  there 
Mfas  at  leaft  15000  men,  women  and  children  in  the 
tanoes,  belides  thofe  that  were  on  floats,  fwiming  with- 
out Hoats,  and  aOually  on  board  and  han.L>ing  round 
the  outfide  of  the  lliips.  The  crouds  on  (hore  wereriill 
niDre  numerous.  The  beach,  the  furrounding  rocks,  the 
tops  of  houfes,  the  blanches  of  trees  and  the  adjacent 
hills  were  all  cove led,  and  the  (bouts  of  joy,  and  'ad- 
miration  proceeding  from  the  fonorous  voices  of  the  men 
confufcd  with  the  (hriller  exclamations  u(  the  women 
dancing  and  clapping  rheir  hand^  the  overfeting  of 
•anoes,  cries  of  the  children,  goods  on  float,  and  hogd 
that  Wire  broui^ht  fo  mnr>et  fquealing  formed  one  of 
the  moft  tumultuous  and  the  moft  curious  profpeOs  that 
can  be  imagined.  God  of  creatic-n  thefe  are  thy  do- 
ings, thefe  arc  cur  breihern  and  our  fifter?,  the  workt 
•f  thy  hands,  and  thou  ar^t  not  without  a  witnef«  even 
here  where  for  nqes  and  perhaps  fince  the  bej^inning  it 
h.<s  been  hid  from  us,  and  though  the  cirrunJt  incc  may 
be  beyond  our  comorehenfion  let  it  not  klfi^n  the  belitif 


of  the  faO.    Among  all  this 


inim< 
pie  there  WIS  oot  the  leaft  appearance  of  infult.    They 

■        h4d 


ife  multitude  of  peo«    p 


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had  hearJ  of  our  riche3  by  thofe  who  had  come  off  to 
us  and  traded,  and  from  the  people  at  Attowai,  and 
Concluding  from  our  hovering  round  the  ifland  that  we 
ihould  vifit  them  on  fhore,  had  prepared  to  meet  us  with 
fupplies  and  give  us  a  welcome.  This  previous  pre- 
paration was  the  reafon  of  this  vaft  affemblagc  of  peo- 
ple and  provifions,  and  e/ery  one  wanting  to  make  the 
firft  bargain  occafioned  their  coming  all  together.  We 
purchifed  as  many  hogs  that  and  the  following  day  or 
two  as  we  did  foi  two  months  after,  and  had  b^fidei 
the  advantage  of  refufing  any  but  fuch  as  were  of  th« 
bcfl  kind. 

As  foon  aji  the  ilcfolution  was  moored  capt.  Cook  wen; 
on  (bore  in  his  Pennace  attended  only  by  his  barges  c:ew 
and  two  of  the  chiefs,  and  landed  upon  a  fine  beach  be- 
fore the  weft  part  of  the  town  of  Kirekakooa.  His  crew 
were  without  arms  and  had  himfelf  only  his  hanger,  which 
he  never  went  without  ;  the  chiefs  had  each  two  long 
white  poles  which  they  held  uptight  and  waved  to  the 
people  in  the  canoes,  to  make  room,  and  as  they  palTed 
through  the  throng,  the  chief  cried  out  in  their  language 
that  the  great  Orono  was  coming,  at  which  they  all  bow- 
id  and  covered  their  faces  with  their  hands  until  ue  wa.» 
paffed,  but  the  moment  this  was  done  they  refumed 
their  clamourous  Ihouts,  clofed  the  vacant  places  aflern, 
and  as  many  as  could  crouded  upon  hisicar  to  the  ihne* 

The  two  chiefs  firft  landed  and  joined  many  other  of 
their  brother  officers  who  had  alfo  white  rods  in  their 
hands,  and  obferving  the  tranfdOions  of  the  two  chiefs  in 
the  Pennace  had  alfo  made  an  avenue  among  the  people 
on  ftiore.  Cook  in  the  mean  time  improving  the  awful  re- 
fpeO  he  faw  paid  him  among  the  natives,  psrmittrd  hiiu-> 
fclftobe  carried  'ipon  the  Ihoulderpof  his  bargemen  from 
the  boat  to  the  fummit  of  the  beach:  the  bargemen  un- 
covered.   At  foon  at  he  was  fet  down,   the  multitude 


jt^ 


[  lOj  1 


J 


w 


on  the  b«ic!i  M\  proftratr  with  their  faces  to  th(«  c:ronnd, 
and  their  ams  «*xtendefl  forw^rcJ.  Thofft  upon  the  a<IJ5i 
crni  hills, up(ni  the  houres,()n  thell^n*  w  il  s  nd  in  the 
tops  of  the  trees  ilfohid  heir  faces  while  he  pi'lM  r)  n'< 
the  oprnin>r,  huf  he  was  no  fo>ne'  palt  them  thin  thf-y 
ro'e  Rnd  followed  hiin.  but  iiCook  hwppenfid  to  turn  hi* 
held  or  look  beh'nd  him  they  wee  down  ^u'^im  in  in  in- 
ftant,  and  up  a^jninas  "con,  whenever  his  face  was  re- 
vei ted  t'»  fome  other  quarter,  this  punc^i'i)U"»  perform  mf:5 
of  refp'^d  info  vM\  a  throng  beui^  rf;!7ulated  fnlely  by  th« 
accidental  turn  of  one  m'n- head,  anvi  the  tranfition  beinij 
fudd'^n  andftr^rt  le  ide  «d  it  ve-y  dtfi^ult  even  f)r  an  in- 
dividual to  be  in  p'-oper  attitude,  if  he  lay  p.oftate  but  a 
fcronJ  tO'>  lon'JC  he  waj  p:etty  fuen-^t  to  rile  pz/.'^m  unti  he 
h^id  been  tr.impled  upnn  by  ^11  behind  him,  iind  ifhe  dar- 
f d  not  to  proftnre  h  m''elf  lie  W)uld  itumb. cover  thnfe  be- 
foiC  him  who  did.  This  produceil  a  ^^leit  many  laui'hnb.e 
circumft  .nc^s,  and  as  O>ok  w  lU  sd  very  fait  to  tijet  ofTifoin 
th;  find  into  the  ilndes  of  the  town,  it  rendered  the  mat- 
ter ftiUmore  ditfi':ult.  At  !eneth  h-wever  they  adopted 
am-^diMm  :h  it  much  better  -mrA/ered  a  runin,:^  compliment 
an  1  did  not  difpler-fe  the  chiefs,  this  was  to  ;/o  upftn  all 
fours,  which  wastiuelycu  i')usamon^at  le '(l  leti  ihouf^nd 
people,  Thisconcou  fe  however  did  not  Cv^nsinue  lony;, 
for  after  pMlfrii^  thiou'-',h  a  fmall  put  of  the  town  only  to  the 
M:)»Ai,  (  vhich  I  iliall  dr^fcrihe  heieaftei.)  Thin  be- 
in  o;  a  f'lnOifi^d  fpot,and  the  pj^f  pie  in  yenetal  fi>ihid  to 
approach  it,  Cook  w  i  •  ie-ft  much  to  his  fwiisi^dif:n,  'Attend- 
ed only  by  a  few  chiefs  and  their  d«'nK"Hi's,  or  rwtle- 
Kikumas  wh  )^e  chir^e^ers  I  IIhU  pa  ti'ui.irly  (lefciii-- 
hcreaftar.  Tl^e  liill  buiinef^  CooV  wilhed  to  ;iCc<Miip!  th 
was  to  obtain  a  commodKKis  fpot  to  t*\e.(\  hi'*  I'^n'Mipr),), 
p'Uticuhly  the  all  on^imicd  tents,  :)nd  obfervin.'.  .i 
fqure  potato  patch  between  ih^  S.  n.fide  of  the  \  o^<»' 
and  the  fe  I  that  pi  ti^ulariy  Hruck  hi.s  fancy,  he  c'd  ej»  -. 
the  chicisconJCiningit.     They  immediately  midc    F 


O 


th« 


'I,?' 


it  *. 


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w^fl^m^-mrn'^V^i  II.  i,(,»ffl.ipi»iHji.(il|Pi 


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t 


the  offer  of  it  which  Cook  accepted  J!nd  nmde  the  chiefs 
tliHt  were  prefent  fome  viluable  prefents.     Matters   thus 
far  hd  moved  wiihCook   in  the  old  Otaheitee  ttile,  and 
he  di^not  fjippofe  a  greater  degree   of  refinement  in  ne- 
gociatins?  would  be  reqiired  amona;  the  chief*  here  than 
there;  bur  he  wasmiltaken,  for  it  was  no  fooner  agreed 
that  Cook  Ihiuld  have  liberty  to  poirefs  the  before  men- 
tioned ground,  than  the  chiefs  required  that  Ca)k'8  people 
fhould  never  after  fun-fet  proceed  without  the  limits  pre- 
fnibed,  and  rh^t  their  own  pe()i|->le  Ihiuld  at  all  times  be 
utterly  excluded  fiom  entering  them,  and  as  a  ratification 
of  what  they  had  promifed,  they  dire^.My  fixed  on  the  top 
of  the  wall  thit  furrounded  the  ground  a  number  of  the 
white  rods  before    mentioned.     The   chiefs  on    our  fide 
were  made  an  exception  to  this   agreement,   and  thofe  a- 
mong  the  natives  were   to  be    admitted  as    we    pleafed. 
Thefe  p'opDfi  (ions  furpri/ed  Cook  as    they  were  new  and 
iinexped^ed;  and    he    wilhed  upon  the    whole  that   they 
might  not  be  attended  with  fome  of  the  difficulties  they 
feemed    to  portend,  but  when  he  contemplated  the    good 
fenfe  by  which  they  were  di£\:ited,  and  the  harmony  they 
were    calculated  to  produce   he   acquifXed.     After  this 
Cook  returned   on    board  tnking  with  himfeveral  of  the 
chief's  who    dined    with  him   u;)on  the  fruits  of  their  own 
Country,   which   they    liked  boiled  and  roafted  after  our 
nnnner  as  well  as  their  own.     In  the  afternoon  I  was  fent 
with  a  guard  of  mirines  Telexed  for  the  purpofe  from  both 
(liips  to  take  polTenTi  >n  of  our  intended  encampment,  and  in 
receiving^my  oiders  particular  care  was  taken  to  mention 
at  large  the  abive  mentioned  agreement,  which  I  was  en- 
joined f;arefully  to  maintain  uninfringed.    The  ardour  of 
curiofity   was  now  fomewhat    abated,  but  T  had  no  fooner 
landed    with  the  m  nines  in  compleit  uniform,  than  the 
town  b'^n:;in  to  puir  forth  its  thoufands  again,  but   landing 
wi'hin  the  limits  notilif^d  h  •  the  white  rods,  not  a  fingle 
indi>idual  approached  beyond  them,  r.nd  our  tents   wKit 

pitched 


chiefs 

thus 
I,  and 
n  ne- 

than 
greed 

men- 
people 
ts  pre- 
nes  be 
ication 
the  top 
of  the 
Lir  fide 
:hofe  a- 
pleafed. 
cw  and 
U   they 
ie^  they 


t 


107 


] 


^m 


,^r- 


pitchedand  fcntries  pofted  before  fun- fet  without  anoy- 
ance. I  could  not  but  reric£\  in  this  fituation  how  much  T 
was  indebted  either  to  t^etin  idity  or leai  innctence  hof- 
pitaliiy  and  gencrofity  of  thefe  people whofe  ininenle 
numbers  had  they  all  been  women  would  have  tr^iuipled 
uie  toattcms.  The  intriufic  difference  between  us  and 
them  in  eveiy  refpe£\  w.ts  ceitainiy  gieat,  but  the  greatefk 
difference  was  imagin^Jiy  refpe8ing  them  and  imputed  to 
us,  the  moment  therefore  that  ihif^fiippofed  fupeiior.iy  of 
ours  Ihould  ceafe  to  cxift  or  be  diminilhedjour  confequence 
and  importance  would  be  at  an  end,  or  at  leaft  could  only 
befuppoited  the  wor  It  of  all  aids.  ;in  appeal  to  aims,  which 
ill  ourfitua lien  would  ruin  us  though  we  conqueicd. 

Asfoonas  the  fun  fet  T  crdrred  fome  additional  fen- 
uies,  and  though  the  wondering  Indians  did  not  cntiely 
evacuate  the  furroundmg  walls  until  d.nk,  yet  ihey 
retired  in  the greaielt  peace  and  goodoider. 

The  next  morning  as  foon  as  the  fun  rofe  they  begjin  a- 
gain  to  alfemble  upon  the  walls,  wheie  they  continued 
untill  night  in  the  fame  niimner  they  had  done  the  pie- 
ceeding  d^y.  In  this  fort  matters  were  condiidedat  th« 
tents^  awd  peace,  plenty  and  good  order  prrv  ailed.  At 
length  fome  of  thofe  difficulties  Cook  had  forefeen  and  en- 
deavoured to  provide  againft  beg;in  todiicover  themfe  ves. 
The  people  at  the  tents  crmplained  that  according  to  or- 
ders they  were  fecluded  the  fociety  of  thcfair,  while  thrt 
people  on  board  were  not,  and  that  it  was  a  jurt  mutter  of 
Complaint,  This  whs  priitly  true,  and  'o  remedy  it  would 
be  10  oppolie  and  ^iigue  down  the  ihongelt  p:<iri)ns;  paf- 
fnns  which  feperateiy  confidered  were  not  againll  the  ar- 
ticles of  war,  and  which  like  hunger  would  pervjide  fionc 
walls.     Their  complaints  had  never  been  pit^fered  to  Cook 

inform.  Mr.  King  the  2J  Lieut,  of  the  Kefolution  and 
Aftrono'Tier  inchiftf  had  the  command  of  the  tents,  nccom- 
paniedby  tht*  Alt.onom'^r  of  the  Difcovcry  and  fome  o- 


•%. 


!i     r 


:  ■'mi 
'■rlr 


iWi'ifc 


^^ 


•te: 


.^ 


t  «««  1 


th«r  penHftmen.  Thefe  gentlemen  had  determined  upon 
giun^aiacir  cnnfentto  the  wilhes  of  the  pev-)p'e  with- 
in this  f:;cicd  jurifdiOion  upon  feveral  priicip  *s,  they 
were  fenfib  c  th^Jt  Ihould  Cook  receive  th«ii  'rnion- 
ftiHncesiroiii  iheir  hands  he  w<uid  leient  it,  an  J  nipuie  it 
to  thcj  iiiibsci'ity  of  their  conuiandor  tofe  ret  wiliies  in 
them  to  a  bet  the  df.mr;nds  of  the  people  and  conv  t^it  il  em 
ul  imaiely  to  ;infwer  their  own  pujp  ,fes,  but  we  e  i  he/  i^ 
faiFer  the  ^icop  e  toadniii  tleir  ni;it  elfey  or  'o^o  ^  ur  to 
nitet  then]  wiihout  noticeing  iheuKJtie  ,  HksuIg  ii  hnni  y 
produce  i.viy  mi:  hief  .hey  then  wru  d  h.ive  f. me  crlcuc 
oiexcufe— but  they  hrjedtl.is  wou.d  not  be  ih<^  r^jfe 
they  hr.ped  ihei  fwciilices  to  Vfnu'->  won  d  be  n  ore  pic- 
puious  aad  p'odu>'u  e  of  Thf  oihe  ci  ci^n  It' n- es.  The 
people  hid  often  aiten  pled  t(»  pr' ferule  the  illicit  ^i- 
nmu;Hwhen  thcy^  nfquedthe  lefetiruient  »>r  t  l.en  r-lticeis, 
bat  they  no  fooiier  perceived  th*- ir.f"  ives  fieejf'cui  ih  s 
r-'ltrnint  by  their  C!)ndut\.  th^n  thf^^y  weie  d^temiined 
wh'^n'iver  opporti]nit\  (nvcied  to  in  p  cue  the  hint,  hor 
inyownp^rt  l  really  forcf^jw  the  luifchiefs  that  would 
enfue,  and  ende^vo  ed  to  put  the  u.attei  up('n  ano  her 
footing,  thou^^h  without  fuccel.<^.  The  euibarraffn.e.nts 
our  enaniourat^es  wei(;  al  e^^ly  under,  weie  Hill  ^leater 
fiom  our  continuity  to  the  MoRAi,  which  the  wf  men  of 
the  country  never  dareappunch  from  reli^iou."<  motives, 
eXflufiveof  the  confide  ation  .  f  bein;'  the  liilt  to  infringe 
upon  the  conditicns  thev  have  fubfifting  betweentheir 
chiefs  and  U3  of  another  kind. 

There  wjis  in  flioit  no  alte/na'ive  but  for  our  people  to 
fjo  without  the  line?  and  meet  theii  miilrelTes  upon  neu- 
tral ^lound.  This  w^is  al  Hrj\  done  by  the  otficers  with 
the  uimolk  {t^cxecy — but  what  can  be  hid  from  jealous 
love,  and  the  fl/:eplefs  eyes  of  enxiety — our  foldiers  and 
fnilors  fiw  it  and  praOifed  it.  It  was  iini)(  flible  for  a 
fvUiiibci  ©f  men  u^un  hi  1£  4^  iiCic  of  ^j round  tg^o  out  and 

leium 


mmm 


mm 


t 


109 


[ 


ff  tuT)  all  Upon  the  fame  bufiners  and  not  have  fome  ren- 
counter ti  at  would  lead  to^  difcoveiy,  which  was  foon 
the  Cr^fe  both  between  officers  and  men,  and  then  the  co- 
ven int  was  T\o  mote,  rhism  itter  was  at  1 3ft  well  known 
aiMontj  the  inhabit».nts,  but  as  it  h-^d  never  been  prcduc- 
tne  of  anymifundeiilandingson  eithei  fide,  it  was  taken 
u  >  other  notice  of  by  people  in  general :  but  the  chiefa 
tn  JUghtdifferenMy  the/  knew  it  was  a  breach  of  cove*' 
nant.This  might  be  eile<-med  tiivinl  onour  part  ?nd  indeed 
it  was,  but  it  was  the  begining  of  our  fubfequent  misfor- 
tufits,  and  acknowledged  to  be  fo  afterwjirds  when  it  was 
too  late,  to  revert  the  confequences.  In  a  few  days  the 
whi;e  rods  weie  ial<en  down  by  feme  of  the  Inhabionta, 
and  a  free  e:^rt.fs  and  legrefs  took  place  :  the  inhabitants 
had  acc.'fs  to  our  tenta,  viewed  ourrondu8  in  private  and 
unguarded  hours,  h^jd  every  o]>poitunity  tofoim  an  opinion 
of  our  mcinne.s  andab  Unties,  nclr«)ntr>ft  ihem  with  their 
own,  nd)\  ^'^  ^  ev'^n  inft>uOtdin  ih^  n^tureand  ufeofour 
ftrearms,  and  permiied  to  piove  cur  own  perfonal  prowefa 
in  wrcltlin^,  bpxing  and  Mher  athletic  exercifes,  and  in 
fome  inft  inces  Vvirh  fuccefs  rn  their  licle.  It  alfo  fiung 
tempiations  in  their  way  to  thea  which  they  diligently 
improved  and  we  refented. 

It  was  not  however  until  1  fome  time  after  our  arrival 
that  we  Uw  thefe  appearances,  and  not  till  ncj^rour  final 
dc^parture  that  we  law  the  evils  that  refulted  from  them. 
The  thi^dday  after  our  acquaintanre  Capr.  Cook  was  invit- 
ed on  Ihore  b^-  a  number  of  the  cl  ieis.  rmong  wh(.m  was  a 
piieft,  to  a  kind  of  entertpinment  ur  rather  ceremony  that 
he  could  nor  unde^ ftand,  as  they  either  could  or  would  not 
explain  it  to  him,  he  was  cbli^icd  to  comply  at  a  hazard 
with  their  requells  to  come  at  theknow'edvif  of  a  cir- 
cumliance  they  were  more  anxious  to  communicate  than 
he  W48  to  receive, 

* 

Cook  waaautuxdedby  three    of  hiilieutcnarta.  ?nd  a 

duiclinan 
t 


•  ♦ 


Ml'' 


.',    l.'ilFi     ill:' 


«!  'I 


f 


no 


1 


draftfrn-'in  uniformly  drefTed.  As  they  p?»ffed  the  tent» 
aftec  landing,  I  wis  invited  by  Lieur.  Km^  lo  ma'sC  on« 
^f  the  party,  our  rout  led  to  a  romantic  n  Jeat  fpot  weft  of 
ihe  Mjrai  which  wis  the  leiilnje  oi  the  prieft  that 
coada/^ed  thecerem  >ny.  It  coniuted  of  a  cuc.e  of  lat,.  e 
cocoanut  and  other  trees  that  rt')oJ  u,Joa  tne  m  irgin  of  a 
pond  of  water  in  the  eente:  of  which  w:is  a  ba  thing  pi  ce. 
Upon  the  north  fide  of  the  pr^nd  were  \  row  of  houfe-!  liand- 
ing  am^ag  the  trees,  and  weie  m  Ai  delightful  y  titu  ited.  j 
Thefe  houfes extended  a 'm">rt  ti  the  Moka?,  neareit  which 
was  thatof  the  piielt  who  was  the  lord  Oi  this  beciutiull 
rccefs.  Between  the  hiufes  and  the  pond  we'e  h  nuo^ber 
of giifs  p'ots  interfered  byfev^eral  fquare  hoiCswuhwa- 
terinthem  which  we  e  private  baths.  Ontiie  enlt  lide 
under  the  wall  of  the  Morai  was  a  thick  aiboui  of  ioW 
fpreading  trees, and  anumberof  ill  carved  iB:j<t»e8  in(er» 
fperfed  thioughout,  lo  thi>i  .etreit  we  weieall  e  ndut\ed, 
and  Capt.  Cook  was  placed  by  one  of  thnfe  iuia- 
ges  which  was  hun^;  round  with  old  pieces  of  their 
cloths  and  fome  viands.  When  th"^  con|pany  were  all 
featcd  the  natives  form-d  a  lemiciicle  in  front  of  Co' k, 
who  with  his  lieutenints  wa  each  lide  rompjfed  the 
tafe.  The  prieft,  who  had  b^en  very  bufy  in  foiniinf^ 
this  arangment  now  proceeded  to  the  molt  important 
part  of  duty,  and  began  to  anoint  th<  head  of  Cook 
with  cocoanut-oil  infufed  with  a  milky  juce  that  is  ob- 
tained from  the  bread  fruit,  uttering  at  the  fame  tim« 
wiih  a  jargon  we  knew  nothing  of  fome  kind  offpeech, 
the  chiefs  at  certain  peiiods  vociferating  with  a  ftrong 
fonorus  voice  a  kind  of  amen.  This  part  of  the  cere- 
mony lafted  about  twenty  minutes,  and  was  fucceeded 
by  a  long,  uninterrupted,  formal  oration  by  the  piieft, 
which  was  run  over  with  the  greateft  rapidity,  andlaft-^ 
ed  about  half  an  hour,  N^twithftanding,  the  langua^^c 
here  is  almoft  verbally  the  fame  as  at  Otaheite,  and' 
the  other  iflandj   we  could  not  undecftand  a  word  thi^ 

Levit« 


^ 


^;w        I 


vil« 


t 


I II 


1 


LcviVe  had  fpoVen.  At  the  end  of  thd  fpeech  the  reft  6£ 
the  n^^nvcs  ^n\ea  fliout,  and  this  wasfucceeded  by  a  fong 
of  a  dovj  nirjjettic  cf  mpofition  and  was  Ihort.  The  fong 
«rded  '^nd  wcs  fucceedcd  by  a  barbigued  hog  and  bread- 
luit,  but  Krwe\er  ceren  oni<^U8  the  natives  had  been  in  the 
p't-ceeding  paitofthis  exhibition,  they  now  were  of  a 
diffeent  f  pinion,  and  made  the  moll  ftrcnuous  efforts  of 
difpatrh. 

t 
It  was  at  this  time  about  ten  o'clock  in  the  morning,. 
«nd  we  did   not  laitafe  with  our  friends,    except  in  si_ 
drink  ofcocoanut-milk  ;  they,  however,  finiftied  the  hog, 
and  then  lofe  to  wait  upon  Cook  into  town,  5, 


-^'•■'^i 


We  h^d  now  been  here  feveral  days,  and  had  been 
waiting  with  ?nxiety  the  anival  of  their  Oiono,  La  Hi 
or  greateft  Chief,  whofe  r?n  f  was  Kiiec?boo,  whom  we 
cxpeOed  every  day  and  e^  eiy  hour  according  to  the 
reports  of  the  natives  irom  the  ifliind  of  Mauwee,  where 
he  had  been  at  war  with  the  chief  of  that  iflind. 

On  the  2 2d  of  J^njary  fome  of  the  chiefs  and  other 
warriors,  who  had  been  at  Mauwee  came  into  the  bay, 
and  the  next  day  feveral  moie  hundred  uiade  their  appear- 
ance but  it  was  not  until  the  25th  that  Kireeaboo  c-^me. 
He  was  attended  by  a  number  of  double  canoes,  the 
largell  we  had  ever  feen,  being  between  6q  arid  70 
feet  in  length,  and  a  large  retinue  of  ftout,  ct^nely 
bold  looking  hardy  chiefs,  beftdes  other  attend'jnt.*  and 
about  30  men  with  paddles.  Jn  the  fore  andj-indet 
parts  of  his  canoe  were  pl?jcf»d  feveral  ill-formed  images 
of  wicker  work  cove'-ed  with  a  varif^fy  of  feathers.,  of 
different  colours,  but  chieHy  red  and  blaclc.  Tfiefe  thty 
carry  to  war  with  thrrn.  ,  They  to<vk  little  notice  og'.  , 
the  ftiips  as  they  entered  the^iy,  but  landed  immediate^^.. 
\y  on  the  b^'ach  near  our  encampment,  which  Cook  ob- ^ 
fcrviag,    and  being  atixious  to  falute  Ktrecaboo  rowed 


;4.%Jli.  ■ 


m 


f 


J'.,  'f 


Wh^ 
m 


•^ ' 


i 


>n  .», 


y» 


I 


i 

'^\mM 

■i 

^MinH  HBU'imun 

J! 

HHn  lu 

fm 

1 

ii 

'V 


m 


I 


112 


] 


in  his  peanace  diref^ly  to  the  tents  fr^^m  whence  he 
went  out  to  meet  him.  T  e  inte  view  was  v^orthy  Cook 
and  Kirceaboo,  and  they  fe^rDed  from  ihit  m  nieiU  to 
Conceive  an  uncommon  attachment  to  each  other.  Ki- 
recaboo  was  an  old  m?n  and  very  feeble,  about  5  ff-et 
^  inches  high,  and  of  a  fli?nder  m^ke,  he  h^d  a  coun- 
teniince  very  exp  efRve  of  (Jonfcious  dignity  and  merit^ 
and  condu£^ed  himfelf  at  all  times  worthy  a  lulec  of 
the  people. 

After  the  cerennnies  of  the  fi-ft  falutation  were  over 
Cook  invited  iCireeaboo^  and  led  him  by  the  hand  to  his 
markee  atteitded  by  a  concou'^fe  of  his  chiefs,  who  expreff- 
ed  the  liveliett  fenfe  of  the  honor  done  their  kin^.  Our 
'^ftronomers  were  at  this  time  re£\ifyinej  their  mathe- 
matical aparatus  in  the  front  of  their  obfervations.  It 
was  a  bright  day,  and  the  appearance  was  even  bril- 
■  liant  to  us,  but  much  more  fo  to  Kireeaboo  and  his  at- 
tendants, who  even  expreffed  a  fupe  ftitious  fear  as  they 
approached  it.  They  had  heard  what  terrible  things  our 
guns  were,  and  therefore  were  paiticularly  apprehenfive 
ordHn;];er  from  our  two  telef^opes  that  ilood  eleveted  above 
the  reft.  The  quadrants  did  not  appear  to  be  dangerous 
inftrumentp,  but  both  from  their  conftru£\ion  and  ufe  wers 
a  perfe£^  myftery,  about  which  they  made  endlefs  en- 
quiries, and  would  h^ve  Idolized  if  one  might  judge 
from  their  extravigant  exclamations  and  geftures.  A  great 
part  of  the  forenoon  was  fpent  in  fatisiying  the  curiofi- 
ties  of  thefe  untutored  fons  of  men,  and  in  endeavor- 
ing to  inform  them  of  our  knowledge,  and  judge  of  the 
capability  of  theirs.  But  after  all  the  only  conclufion 
they  m^de  was  that  as  we  h^d  fo  much  to  do  with  the  fun 
and  the  reft  of  the  planets  whofe  motions  we  were  con- 
ftantly  watching  by  d;iy  and  night,  and  which  we  had 
informed  them  we  were  guided  by  on  the  ocean,  wi? 
muft  eithe-  have  come  frorn  thence,  or  be  fome  other 
way  particularly  connti6\cd  with  thofc  obje£\8,   and  to 

*•*    '  ft  lengthen 


f>', 


ivLii^  vmiii 


t 


"J      ] 


over 
:o  hi* 
pieff- 

Out 

lathe- 

is.     It 

\  btil- 

his  at- 

18  they 

ig8  our 

lenfivc 

1  above 

jgcrous 

fe  wer« 

lefs  en- 
jadgc 
A  great 
cutiofi- 
jdeavoi- 
e  of  the 
nclufion 
the  fun 
etc  con- 
we  had 

eJin,   ^'^ 
tie  other 

and  to 
iiengihen 


ftrengthen  this  inference  the;^  obferved  that  the  cotouf 
of  oijr  (kins  partook  of  the  red  from  the  fun,  and  the 
white  from  the  moon  JJnd  ftais,  befides,  tkey  f-id  we 
d?alt  much  with  fire  that  we  could  ViU  othes  withit, 
but  that  it  would  not  hurt  us  thou{?:h  we  wereclofe  by- 
it.,  and  that  we  rendered  it  in  all  things  intirely  fub- 
fervient  to  us. 

When  the  ufuRl  hour  of  dini'na;  arrived  Cook  iivitpd 
Kiteeiboo  and  his  attend  'nf«  on  board,  and  as  his  ra- 
bi-  was  no  o'herwife  o  n^mented  than  with  the  pio- 
du^b 'ns  of  Owyhee  his  guefts  were  the  better  accom- 
modated, 

Kireeaboo  made   hi'j   dinner  folely   with   bread-r;iiit 
and  a  drink  of  water,  but  his  chiefs  who  wet';  youn:;er, 
u'ed  both  pork  and  ifowls— they  m  ide  no  ule  of  knives 
or  forks,  and   cirimed  their  mouths  as  full  as  they  pof- 
fibly  couM,  but  the  quantity  they  eat  was  very  mode- 
rate, they  alfo  dr»nk  only  water,  refufing  wine,  porter, 
ram   or   any  oihit    k'nd  of  liquor.      After  dinner  they 
were  cundu£\ed  upon  deck,  where  they  were  a^ain  hi;<h- 
ly  entertained  with  a  new  O^ene,   and  one  much  better 
adapted  to  their  unde.f^mdin^  thin   thit  thf^y  h.id  late- 
ly  been  at  on  (ho  e.     Some  of  t|f»m  were  en^p1r3(»d  in 
/meafurim;  the  (hip's    length,    and  cithers    her    bretdth, 
which  they  did   with  a  line,  and  then  me. Tured  it  inio 
fithoms  as  we  do,  and  fome  of  th-m  ventured  ^^  far  a- 
loft  as  the  main  and  fnre-tops,  baUtook  their  rou»  thrf  Uk^h 
lubbers  hole  r.ither   thin  by  the  puttnck  Orouds.     None 
of  them   would  go  higher  or   offer  to  venture  out  upon 
the  yard^.     Others  again  were  in  the  IhipVs  hold  ?t  whi^h 
they  exp-effed  the  utmoft  a^'inirati'^n.       Kireeab)o   was 
on  the  quancr  deck  with  Cook,  and  h^d  every  minute 
fome    of   the  chiefs  running    to  him  and  relatinfir  ^hti 
they   h^d  fee,-,  for  his  information      Ai'ter  this  the  p^'n- 
nue  was  manned    with    the  crew  in   black   c«p8  and 

P  white 


:^' 


M 


*f.' 


f  'I' 


/ 


■■■^.9iii«|i"u,V 


[        "4        1 

white  Ou'rts,  and  rowed  uniformly  to  the  Difcovery,  ths 
Fitfnch  horn  playing.    The  evening  was  fpent  on  bjard 
with  Capt.  Gierke.     Kire^aboo   was  f-j  mucli  pleafcd 
with  the  attentim  that  hid  been   lli'ivvn    him   and    hi* 
chiefs  that  he  defued  Cook  and  Gierke  would  fpend  the 
next  day  with  him  and  his  chiefs  on  line,  defiang  al- 
fo  th^Jt  they  would  bving  their  chiefs  with  th'm,  which 
was  readily  agreed  to,  and  the  next  m^^rnini^  both  Cap- 
tains and  all  the    officers  thu  could  attend  dreffed    in 
their  uninrms,    and  went  to  Ktverua  whe  e    Kireeab-K> 
gcnfirally  refided.    They  all  dined  to;^ether  in    Kiice- 
abooVs  houf- :  The  dinner  confiftsd  of  a  ho:r  and  pota- 
toes ba':ed  after  their  mmner  fpread  on  geei  plantain- 
leaves,  round  which   th-y  all  feated  th<»m'elve<  crofT- 
le;;ged,  there  was  no  ceremony,  except  th  t  ofwafhing 
the  inouth  nnd  h.in  Is  b)th  before  and  after  dinner  with 
clean  water,  and  the  only  utenfils  at  the  feafl  were  pie- 
ces of  bnmboo,  which  were  ufed  as  knives ;    the  natives 
diank  water,    anJ    out    officers    to  conform  as   near    at 
poflib'e  t-)  the    c-»ntou'  of  the  entertunment  drank  co- 
co.iH'it-milk.      After   dinner  the/  went  nut  to  take  the 
air  under  an  ad  icent  ihide,  where  they  were  entertain- 
ed with  a  dance  by  the  women  while   they  wei-e  voluptu- 
oufl/  ftretched  alonci;  the  ^raf?  or  reclined  a'j-ainft  the  trpes. 
One  of  the2;ent!emenfrorathedifcov£ry  b  ou^hi  his  violin 
with  him,  and  one  from  the    Rpfoiution    i<  >?e  m 'n-flutc, 
and  as  lh«  company  fef*merl  to  want  i  variety,  they  played 
upon  each  in  turn     The  vi(>lin  produced  the  m<(\  m  mo- 
derate laui^hter  nTi>n'4  the  n:Ui\es,  who  fe-m'd 'o  '•elilh 
iias   man/  d«)  th^  bi  {pipe  .ormuchmoe  ind  ff    ently, 
but  wh^n  we  accoiTipmied  it  by  a  v<-Untary  dance  or   cotil- 
lion they  h.id  a  ditfrrent  opinion,  the  Hutp  they  mu^^h  ^dni- 
rcd  ind  exnuined    /ery    cuirfly.      The    drum    and    fie 
(though  ?iot    prefent)  is  th'*  mufic  they    ttirl^  deli^»hr  in. 
When    th-  fun  was   upon  the  decline  Ki'eeaboo  nnd  his 
fuit  ciofTed  ti\e  bay  to  Kiukakuoam    cider  to  comp'cat 
-  -  the 


»i; 


I 


,/,*• 


tihe  cntcrtaiRir.f nt  ofhisgucfts  by  an  exhibition  of  the 
gyraiiaftic  Hnd  at  which  a  large  conccurfe  of  people  of 
all  denominiiijns  were  prefcnt.  The  difpofuion  oi  the 
affembly  was  nn  extenfive  circle  in  the  midftoi  which 
wag  J  ea'ormed,  wipft.ing,  boxing  and  other  ath.etic  ex- 
ercifcs  which  I  need  ncit  lu.ther  defcribe  than  leieiing 
my  readers  to  the  jcmunts  ciihofe  v^nies  at  Ton^otaboo 
one  ot  the  friendly  'il.:ndj',  wi  h  which  they  entirely  cor- 
relpond  cxrept  in  one  pa  ticular,  which  whs  a  circumrtance 
we  h?(l  ne\e.  before  met  with,  this  was  a  fort  of  ftandard 
©r  infiy;nia  v;hich  w;.s  brm  ht  on  ^nid  introduced  into  the 
circle  by  one  of  thofe  who  h^d  laft  excelled  in  thofe  exer- 
cifes,  and  whrn  the  fports  we:e  over  it  was  taken  by 
the  vi£\o.  or  vii>oi3,  and  prefeived  by  them  hs  a  teftimony 
•.u'th'^i  prowefs  untill  th^y  were  excel  ed  in  fume  fuh- 
feqaent  rencouniei.  The  lofsof  thisbad^eoihnn^i  never 
occHfiind  any  uneafmefsor  repining,  and  the  invettment 
was  decifive  a3  the  .Oion  which  won  it  :  it  waj:  the  Ih  )Ut 
of  conf.ntincj  hundreds  that  clofcd  eve.y  leat  which  de- 
clared to  wlioiii  it  was  due. 

This  {\anda-d  feemed  to  have  a  refemblance  of  the 
ancirnt  Hoinan  one:  The  i\  ff  was  about  isfeetlon^, 
en  the  (op  ihc  e  w.;8  a  iiuck  with  loine  holes  in  it, 
through  which  a  line  was  rove,  and  to  the  endsoftfie 
line  hung  a  llj  at  broid  pendwnt,  undern*tath  this  about 
two  fe  t  fr.  m  Th^  truck  wis  fwf|)^ndfd  b/  another  cord 
a  tranfvtrfe  rt  ck  about  4  feet  lon^,  to  which  a, large 
man  of  war  bird  was  fixed  with  the  tip?-  01  the  wings 
fi^rrad  to  each  end  r\  the  «ick,  and  the  whole  wai 
ornaaituiic'd  wi:h  luilc  tuus  of  variagatcd  feathors. 

Thi^  CTemony  w^n  very  well  conduifled,  but  fell 
rt»>.t  iii  ff-veral  relpeda  to  thofe  of  the  f.ime  Kind  at 
Tongotab.'o.  At  lun-down  the  liX)rt8  ended,  and  nfrei 
th«  vi^oa  had  i?one  oflf  in  tiiiimph  with  the  inli^^ni.i 
^  vktoiy  the>ffsuU)Jy  diifolved,     Kiictatgo  wrn^  o. 


w 

H 


m 


wm 


.«• 


Ii6         ] 


h'\>:i 


'  mi:  111' 

1    ll';:,i(l 


n 


M 


▼«r  un:5ttended  Rnd  without  cereinony  to  Kiverua,  aixl 

our  otficeis  to  their  feveiai  ihips. 

The  n?xt  evemnoj  Cook  invited  K'jeiib)o  and  hij 
pfople  t)  another  en:ert..innient,  which  they  wfterwjida 
juit.y  called  the  fie  y  one.  This  w«!S  the  exhih.ti  n 
of  fome  of  the  Ere-woilf*  we  had  b  ru,  ht  irnii  Wo(  1- 
wich,  The  fi^me  of  this  intended  enict;  inuent  and 
the  manifeft  preparations  that  had  been  m^'ling  on  the 
bearh  at  Kireekakooa  by  our  gunner  sud  yoemen  ex- 
tcf)ded  the  report  far  and  nc^  r,  by  which  M.e;ins  there 
w,js  an  inuiienfe  number  of  fpe^^ato  s.  As  1.  on  w><  it 
was  well  dark  Cook  hnded  atthefpoi  whrre  \\\t  pr^jyir- 
ations  wer^,  attended  by  Kiieeaboo,  and  '.\  t^re.ai  num- 
per  of  men  and  women  in  their  canoes.  Tht  nativfi 
h^^  been  r<^^me  of  them  all  day  wniimg,  and  ihric  tx- 
f:eOation^  were  wound  up  to  the  lart  extifmity,  fonic 
of  them  hJid  begun  to  jef;r  us,  and  e^prefs  a  giei;t  f .  n* 
tempt  of  our  hei\a,  as  they  cdhd  it.  Cook  expeilrd 
f  me  I  juv;hab!e  ci  cumdances,  and  wjs  willing  to  im- 
yirove  it,  he  theieiore  took  the  necelTary  precaution% 
;<ri'!  wh<'n  every  tiiinu:  wasrei'dy,  <!nd  the  people  as  filcnt 
a?  the  ni.^ht   he  ordered  a  /k/-racket  ctf. 

I  do  th'nk  this  part  of  the  fccne  undefcriheable.— 
Cook  unH  the  cfftcers  near  him  certainiy  Could  not 
do  it  they  were  fo  entirely  overcome  with  laughter: 
They  mud  hardly  hold  the  old  feeble  Kireeaboo 
and  Tome  eiderly  ladies  of  quality  that  fat  amon.ii;  thpm, 
^X)(i  before  they  had  ?ny  ways  recovered  t hem fV.lvea  from 
this  pin^xlfm  nearly  the  whole  hort  that  a  nioniMii  be- 
fore furrotindi^d  them  had  tied,  fome  towaids  the  town, 
fow^  to  th*^  hills,  Pud  feme  into  the  water,  many  thry 
c'id  nntl«n>w  where,  and  manv  had  been  trampled  un* 
der  loot  and  remained  m^tionl^'fa  there.  It  however 
h^rpcnrd  lucliiy  that  rh^i  oh-  0  which  at  tiri\  caufcd 
tkcii  iL4t  did  nut  long   contiQue,  .lud  ii«  that  expired 

tho 


^ 


I  "7         ] 


ia,  aixl 


erwatds 
hib.ti  n 
Wod- 
ent  and 
J  on  the 
iipn  ex- 
n^  ihtrc 
on  'H  it 

t:n  n'lm- 
nativf* 

it> ,  fonic 

;iri'.t  '  '  Ff 

ig  to  im- 
caution% 
as  Client 


uu'.d   not 
laughter: 
Ciieeaboo 
m.;;  thrm, 
.1\C8  from 
men  I  l^*^* 
he  town, 
lany  t^^ry 
l>lrd   un- 
h^wc^«•r 
t\  caufcd 


the   terrors    of  thofe  who  fi^d  as  well  ax  the  few  wh« 
lem  ined  behind  f^bfidrcT,  and  Kiieeaboo  rofe  and  cal- 
lel    himfelf  to  the  hirdKinoft  of  the  people  to  jcturn, 
and  fenr  after  the   relt :     This  had  fuoh  an  effect  that  v^ 
\\\  ny  did    return,    and  w.it  the  remaning   part  of  the 
cvenina^,  but  there  were  many  who  were  frightened  paft   "1 
recove  y,  and  did  not  ippeu  any  more  that  night.     How-  '  1 
e  er  when  we  came  to  proceed  i'nd   tire  another  racket  r< 
thmiv;h  thoie  thai  h^d  returned  faw  their  king  and  the 
reit  of  the  cnmp-^ny  fate,  nnd  thenifslves  unhurt  yet  they 
Co  i!d  n  ^t  refill  the  fanner  impulfe,   and  again   tovik  to 
thei    Keels,    and  thou:;h  they   foon  returned  they  con- 
tin  icd  t>  do  f  >  occ  .fnnally  through  the  whole  ceremo- 
■  7,  except  at  the  exhibition  of  the  water-rackets,  whicK 
feem  d  to  reconcile  them  tothe  opinion  of  the  enter* 
ta  n  iient  being  calculated  to  pleafe  and  not  to  hurt  them, 
and    when    all    was   over    they   parted   wi^h  us  highly  ^^ 
rlenfed,  ihouting  our  greatnefs  and  goodnefs.  . 

On  the  26th  of  Jaruiry  1  fent  a  billet  on  board  to.^ 
Cook,  (kfrin^  h"s  p'  ui.iTion  to  make  an  excurfion  in-  ^ 
to  the  inieiior  parts  of  tie  country  propo(ing  if  prac- ^ 
ticable  to  rench  the  fjmnis  peak  that  teminitcd  the  N 
hei^^ht  of  the  ill  nd.  My  propofal  was  not  only  grant- 
ed, but  pron.otfd  by  Cook,  who  very  much  wanted 
fiime  infoim^itions  rcfpe£\ing  that  pirt  of  the  id  .nd,  pari 
ticularly  the  pctk,  the  tip  of  which  is  generally  co- 
vered with  fn«>w,  and  h^d  exited  great  curiofity.  He  -^ 
deiired  the  gunner  of  the  IV'folufion,  the  botanift  fent  C^ 
Out  by  Mr.  Ranks  'md  Mr.  .Simeon  Woodruff  to  be  oC 
the  |>arty.  He  a'fi>  pr<  cured  u«;  fonn!  attendantii  among 
the  natives  to  {X\{\  us  in  cart)  ini;  tur  b.^ggage  and  di- 
reiS\  ng  us  th:ou  h  the  w(X)ds.  It  ie(jui;ed  fome  pru- 
dence to  make  a  L^ood  equipnit-nt  for  this  tour,  for  t  Jj,tjugh 
we  had  the  full  heat  of  a  t»opical  tun  near  the  margin 
of  the  illand  \«'e  I  new  wclluuld  ex^jerience  a  difTerent 
temparamcnt  in  the  ait  the  higher  we  advanced  to- 
ward 


<-^-\ . 


p;.i 


''|i!: 


i 


I'll 


■t 


i 

lit 

A 

'  i^iHil 

uffllH 

'KS 

imn 

"S 
\ 

Ki 

M 

t 

lUil 

Ih 

1 

iUli 

■1 

.  ,'K 


c 


II  s 


] 


wavd«  the  peal^,  and  th^.t  the  tranfition  wouM  be  fud- 
den  if  not  cxtrcoie,  we  theicfoie  took  each  of  us  a  wool* 
en  blink<;t,  and  in  g^n^rsil  nude  ft  me  alteration  in 
our  drefi,  and  we  each  took  a  b^ule  of  brandy.  A- 
mon^  the  n^itives  who  were  to  attend  u?*  wjs  a  young 
chief  whofe  n  ime  was  O'Crany  and  two  youths  Irom 
amor.i<  the  conimornlty.  Our  couife  lay  ealtward  and 
noichward  fioiu  the  town,  and  about  two  o'clock  in  the 
afternoon  we  fet  our,  when  we  had  >iot  without  the  town 
we  met  ?in  dd  acquaintance  of  mine  (who  ou^ht  in- 
deed  to  have  been  introduced  before. )  He  was  a  mid- 
dle a.^ed  man  and  beion^^ed  to  the  oidcf  of  theii  Mida 
or  pneithDod,  his  n^me  was  Kunneiva.  We  faiuttd 
each  other,  and  the  old  man  aikeJ  with  much  impati- 
ent curiofity  whe;e  we  were  going,  when  wc  had  in- 
form^id  him  he  difapp-^oved  of  our  intention,  told  us  that 
we  could  not  go  as  far  as  we  p  opofed,  and  would  have 
pe;fuidedus  to  rerun;  but  finding  we  were  dcierft)ined 
in  our  lelolves,  he  turned  and  accompanied  us  ;  about 
two  n\i\t.s  without  the  town  'he  land  was  level,  and 
rontinued  of  one  pi  in  of  little  r nclofur^  s  (eparated 
from  each  other  by  low  biotd  walls  :  Whether  this  cir- 
cumltince  denoted  fepwrate  property,  or  w^s  done  fole- 
Jy  to  difpenfc  with  the  lava  that  o  erfpread  the  face  of 
the  country,  and  <'f  which  the  walls  a.e  c-^mpofed,  I 
cann-»t  fay,  but  pob^ibly  it  denotes  a  diltind^  pc-ffef- 
lV>n.  Some  of  ihefe  fickls  were  planted,  and  others  by 
their  appearance  wcie  leit  fallow:  In  fume  we  faw  the 
nntives  collr£\ing  the  coarfe  grafs  thit  had  grown  upon 
it  duiing  the  time  it  had  lain  unimproved,  and  burning 
it  in  detached  heap^.  Their  fweet  potatoes  are  moi^ly 
raifed  here,  and  indeed  arc  the  principle  objeO  of  their 
a2;ricultu  e,  but  it  r^'quites  an  infinite  deal  of  toil  on  v. 
account  of  the  quantity  of  lava  thit  remains  on  the  land  »i. 
notwithft'jnding  what  is  ufed  about  the  walls  to  come 
at  the  foil,  and  bcl'idcs  they   have  no  implennents  of 

hulbjndry 


hufbandry  f  at  we  could  maVe  u'e  of  had  the  ground 
been  free  from  the  lava.  If  any  thing  can  recomprnce 
their  labor  it  muft  be  an  exuberant  foil,  and  a  bcni- 
ficcnt  climate.  We  faw  a  few  patches  of  fugar  cane 
interfperfed  in  moift  places,  whirh  were  but  fmall : 
But  the  cane  was  the  largrft  and  ?.s  fweet  as  an>  we 
had  ever  feen,  we  alfo  paiTed  fcveial  group*  of  plan- 
tain-trees. 

T*  efe  enclofed  plant?tirns  extended  about  3  milea 
from  the  town,  n^ar  the  h  ck  of  which  they  commenced^ 
and  were  fucceeded  by  whdt  we  called  the  open  plant- 
ations. Here  the  land  bei^an  to  rife  with  a  gentle  af- 
Cent  that  continued  about  o*  e  mile  when  it  became 
abruptly  ft^-ep.  Thefe  were  the  plantations  that  con- 
tained the  breijd-fiuit  t'ee."^.  (What  Ceres  a  c  thy  wheat- 
en  ni'*ve«»,  and  thy>ellow  harvefts  compared  with  this 
fcene!  H.tve  the  fonfijs  of  p  ets  done  thee  fo  much  ho- 
nor firm  a  ficMy  theme,  what  would  they  do  another 
deity  from  beholding  this  extenfive  difplay  of  fponta- 

neous  ve-itation.     Son  of whit  aie  thy  fields  but 

the  fad  teftimony  of  toil,  and  >vhcn  thy  feeble  plants 
hath  paiTed  the  thoufand  dangers  that  attend  its  pro- 
grefs  to  a  ftate  of  pe  ff£\inn  ir\  the  field,  whit  is  it 
then,  are  not  the  fubfequent  operations  neceiTary  for  the 
ufe  of  man  ftill  more  nume-ous  and  complicated.  Man 
cateth  it  by  the  fweat  of  hi^  brow.  But  behold  now 
thefe  b  e^d-f  uit-plain<  thine  eye  cannot  difcern  their 
limits,  and  the  trees  are  like  the  cedarn  of  Lebanon 
in  number  and  in  ftatu'-e— c^n  the  ^rovelini?  fwine  tram- 
ple them  under  his  feet,  nr  aie  thev  deftroycd  by  a 
guft  ( f  rain.  Here  is  neither  toil  or  care  man  Hretch- 
eth  forth  his  h:^nd  and  cateth  without  paiAuiony  or  an- 
ticipated want.)  •  .   ..  .. 

• » 

After  leavinc^  the  b-e^d-fruit-foreft^  we  continued  up 
the  afccnt  to  the   diiUncc  of  a  mile  and  an  half  fur- 

thvr 


'%''^^^ 


[  * 


1IPP»1«PW 


I 


I20 


I 


thcr,  and  found  the  land  thick  covered  with  wild  fern, 
»inong  which  our  batanirt  found  ^  ne^'  fperies.     Itwa? 
BOW  near  fun-down,  and  b^in;  up  n  ^h*  /k    tsofthofe 
woods  that  fo    renmkably  fu  rouiJ^d    th\n  id  nd  at   a 
uniform  diftance  of  4  ^ind  5   /nilei  from    the  Ih  >  c,  we 
Concluded  to  halt,  efp*cially  as  rh(»re  was  1  hu;  ha'd  by 
that  would  afford  u?  a  better  retreu  du  in?  nit(ht  than 
what  we  might  expeO  if  we    proceeded       ^hen    we 
reached  the   hut  we   found  it  inh  hit-d   by  ?n  elderly 
man,    his  wife   and  diu2;htcr  the  einb  cm  of  inn 'Cent 
uninftru£\ed  beauty.     They  were    fomewhat  di^crmpof- 
ed  at  our  appearance  and  equipment,    and  wou'd  have 
left  their   houfe  throuQ;h  fear  h^d  nit  the   Indi.  ns  who 
accompanied  u^    pe.futded   th- n    o'h*»  Afi.e,      and    at 
laft  reconciled  them  to  us.     We  fat  down  together  be- 
fore the  door,  and  from  the  hei;<ht  of  the  fituation  we 
had  a  complete  retrofpe£\iv2  view  of  our  rout,    of  the 
town  J  of  part  of  the  bay  and  one  of  our  ftrps.    befidea 
sm  extenfive  profpe£>  on  the  ocean,   «jnd  a  diliant  view 
of  three  of  the  neighbouring  lilinds* 

It  wa«  exquifitly  ente^aining.  Nature  had  beftowed 
her  graces  with  her  ufial  negruent  fublimity.  The 
town  of  Kireckakooa  and  our  lliip  in  the  bay  created 
the  contrail  of  art  as  well  ^s  the  <  ultivated  ground  be- 
low, and  as  every  objeM  w.i8  partly  a  novelty  it  tranf- 
ported  as  well  as  convinced. 

As  we  hadpropofed  remaining  at  this  hut  the  night, 
and  being  willing  to  preferve  whit  provisions  we  h^^d 
it'dydrcffed,  wepurchifed  a  li  tie  pig  and  had  him  d  flT- 
rxlbyour  hoft  who  finding  his  a;count  in  his  vifitants  be- 
Hired  himfelf  «nd  foon  had  if  rej-dy.  After  fupper  we  h?td 
fomeofour  brandy  dilated  with  the  mountain  water,  find 
we  had  fo  long  been  confined  to  the  poor  brakilh  water  at 
the  bay  below  that  it  was  a  kini  of  ne£^ar  to  us.  A» 
foon  as  the  fun  let  we  found  a  confieiable  difTerence  in  the 

ftatc 


./ 


[ 


lal 


1 


fta t«  of  the  air.  At  night  a  heavy  dew  fell  and  we  felt  it  ve- 
ry chill/  and  had  recourfe  to  our  blankets  notwithftanding 
we  were  in  the  hut.    The  next  morning  when  we  came 
to  enter  the  woods  we  found  theie  had  b«en  a  heavy  rain 
though  none  of  it  had  approached  us  notwithftanding  we 
were  within  «oo  yards  of  the  fkirta  of  the  foreft.     And    it 
feemed  to  be  a  matter  of  faO  both  from  the  informations 
of  the  natives  and  our  own  obferva lions  that  neither  the 
rains  or  the  dews  defcended  lower  than  where  the  wood8 
tcrniin;«ted,    unlefs  at  the  equinoxes  or    fome    periodical 
conjuncture,  by  which  means  the  fp^ice  between  the  wood.t 
and  the  (bores  aie  rendered  warm  and  fit   for  the  purpofes 
of  culture,  and  the  fublimated  vegetation  of  tropical  pro- 
duOions.  We  traverfed  thsfe  woods  by  a  eompafs  keeping* 
a  direct  couifefor  the  peak,  and  was  fo  happy  the  firft  day 
29  to  find  a  foot-path  that  trended  nearly  our  due   couife 
by  which  means  we  traveled  by  etti  mat  ion  about  15  miles, 
and  though  it  was  no  extraordinary  march  had  circumftan- 
ces  been  different,  yet  as  we  found  them  we  thoupjht  it  a 
very  great  one, for  it  was  not  only  exceHive  miry  and  roui^h 
but  the  way  waj»  moflly  an  afcent,  and  we  had  been  unufed 
to  walking,  and  efpecinlly  tocarryin'^  fuch  loads  as  we 
had. Our  Indian  companions  were  much  more  fatigued  thrni 
we  were,  though  ihey  had  nothing  to  carry,  and  whitdif- 
pleafed  us  very  much  would  not  carry  any  thing. The  occa- 
fional  dehys  of  our  botanical  refearches  delayed  us  fome- 
thing.    The  fun  had  not  fet  when  we  halted  yet  meeting 
with  a  fituation  tha  t  plcr^fed  U3,and  not  being  limited  as  ta 
tim*^   wi^tent  the  remaininfj  part  of  the  d.iy  as   humour 
ditl.ited^UWie  botanizing  and  thcfe  who  had  fowling;  pieces 
with  them  in  ihooiing,  for  my  pj»rt  I  could  not  but    think 
the  prefent  appearance  of  our  fncampment  claimed  a  put 
of  our  attention,  and  therefore  fet  about    fome  alterition* 
and  amendments.     It  wis  the  trunk  of  a  tree  that  had  fell 
by    the    Tub  of  the    path  and   lay  with  one   end  tran'"- 
veifly  over  anothei.  tree  that  had  lallcn  bsiore  in  an  op- 

Q^  polite 


^■i):':»i"i!'nif 


'W' 


S  i''  I- 


■ 


m 


llv"' 


'.": 


!ifr'«« 


t 


122 


] 


poftfe  direction,  and  as  it  meafured    iz  feet  in  circumfer- 
ence and  lay  4  feet   froni  the  ground,  it    efforded   very- 
good  (belter  except  at  the  fides  which  defed   I  fupplied 
by  large  pieces  of  bar k  and  a    good    quantity   of    boughs 
which    rendered   it   very    commodious,  and  we  llept  the 
night  under  it  much  better  than  we  had  done  the  preceed- 
ing,  noiwithft'inding  there  was  a  heavy  dew  and  the  air 
cold,  the  next  morning  we  fet  out  in   good  fpirits  hoping 
that  day  to  reach  the    fnowy  peak,  but  we  had    not  gone 
a  mile  forward  before  the  path  that  had  hitherto  fo  much 
facilitated  our  progrefs  hitherto  began  not  only  to  take  a 
diredion  fouthward  of  weft  but  had  been  fo  little  frequent- 
ed as  to  be  almoft  efTaced.     In  this  fituation  we  confulte4 
our  Indian  convoy,  but  to  no  purpofe.    We  then  advifed  a- 
mong  nurfe!  ves  and  at  length  concluded  to  pioceed  by  the 
neareft  rout  without  any  baaten  track,  arid  went   in   this 
manner  about  4  miles  further  finding  the  w;^y  even  more 
fteep  &  rough  than  we  had  yet  experienced,  but  above  all 
impeded  by  fuch  impenetrable  thickets  as  would  render 
it  impuflible  for  us  to  proceed  any  further.     We   therefore 
abandoned  our  defr^n    and   returning    in  our   own  track 
reached  the  retreat  we  had  improved  the  UH  night,  hav- 
ing been  the  whole  day  in  walking  only   about  10  miles, 
and  had  been  v«i7  aHiduous  too.     We  found    the    country 
here  as  welUsat  the  lea  lime  univei filly  overfpre^d  with 
lava,  and  alfofaw  fevcral  fubter:inean  excavations    that 
h^d  every  appearance  of  pnd  eruption  and  fire.     Our  Bo- 
tanift  to  day  met  with  great  fuccefs,  and  we  had  alfo  Ihot  a 
niimberofhne   birds  of  the  livelieft  andm^ft  varia^ated 
plumage    thnt  any  of  us  had  ever  met  with,  b|Pl^e  heard 
nomelody  among  them.    Except  thefe  we  faw  no  other 
kind  of  birds  «xcept  the  Screach-Owl,  neither  did  we  fee 
mr  kindnf  quadiupede,   but  we  cam^ht  feveral  cuiious 
inleOs.    The  woods  here  are  very  thick  and  luxuri.nt,  the 
U{—\i  trees  are  nearly  thirty  feet  in  the  girt,  and   thefe 
with  theUiiuberry  underneath  nnd  the    who'e  interfered 

with  vines  renders  it  v«ry  umbrageous.        •     ■'-   ; 

1  he 


t 


123 


1 


The  next  day  about  two  in  the  afternoon  we  cleared  the. 
woods  by  our  old  rout,  and  by  fix  o'clock  reached  the 
2ent3,  having  penetrated  about  ^4  miles  and  we  fuppofed 
within  II  of  the  peak.  Our  Indians  were  extremely  fa- 
tigued though  they  had  no  baggage,  and  we  were  well 
convinced  that  though  like  the  Stag  and  the  Lien  they 
appear  fit  for  expedition  ?iml  toil. yet  liVe  'hofe  animals 
ihey  aie  titfor  neither, while  the  humbly  Kule  will  per- 
fevere  in  both. 

According  to  an  rsttitude  of  the  quadrant,  the  Peak  of 
Owyhee  is  35  miles  diftant  from  the  furfaceof  the  water, 
and  its  perpendicular  elevation  neijrly  2  miles.  The  Ifland 
is  exa£\ly  90  leagues  in  circumierence,  is  very  nearly  of 
a  circular  foim,  and  rifeson  all  fide«!  in  a  mod^^rate  and 
pretty  uniform  afcent  from  the  water  to  the  Peak,  whi^h 
isjharp  and  caped  as  I  have  before  obferved  with  ihow, 
which  feems  to  be  a  new  circumftance,  and  ^-mong  us  not 
altogether  ac6:ounted  fur.  As  a  truth,  and  a  Phenomenon 
in  natural  philofophy  I  leave  it  to  thr  world.  Owyhee  his 
every  appearance  in  nitiire  to  fuppofe  it  once  to  have  been 
a  vulcano.  Its  height,  magnitude,  Ihnpe  and  perhaps 
its  iituation  indicate  not  only  that,  but  that  its  ori- 
ginal formation  wa8efFe£\ed  by  fucha  caufe  The  eaftern 
fide  of  the  id  and  is  one  continued  bt^d  of  lava  from  the 
fummit  to  the  fea^  and  under  thefea  in  50  fathom  waiter 
fome  dift^nce  from  ths  Ibore  ;  and  this  fide  of  the  TlLmd 
utterly  barren  and  devoid  of  even  a  fingle  llnub.  Put 
there  is  no  traiition  among  the  inhabitants  of  any  fuch  cir- 
cumftance. 

On  thCrti  ©f  February  one  William  Watman  one  of  our 
quarter  ,2[ftnn'=:rs  died.  He  w^s  an  elderly  man  4hd  having 
been%/ith  Cook  in  the  ibip  Endeavour  on  a  former  voynge 
was  much  lamented  by  him — he  died  with  a  flow-fever 
that  had  partly  been  haftened  if  not  brou.?;hton  by  inteir.- 
pciancf.    This  wasrhe  fccond  pcifon  that  had  died  in  the 

Refolutiofi 


n\  <: 


il'! 


II' ,k 


'  y  1 


rwww  i^upwji^pppp' 


)  m 


m-» 


J^'"-    iH 


3 


Kftfolution;  The  next  day  be  was  carried  on  fiiore  to  be 
intered,  and  it  fcems  it  was  his  own  requcft  when  he 
found  he  lliould  not  recover,  to  be  intered  in  the  Morai 
which  Cook  promifcd  him  fhould  he  done.  Our  old  friend 
Kikinny  the  prieft  that  anointed  Cook,  as  foon  as  he  heard 
ofWatm^n's  death  anticipated  Cook's  requeft  by  makeing 
him  an  offer  of  a  place  in  the  Morai^  and  had  therefore 
waited  on  lh9re  to  attend  Watman's  body  to  the  grave. 
When  the  Pennace  landed  with  Watman's  body  we  ex- 
peOed  the  curiofity  of  the  natives  would  have  been  ex- 
cited to  come  in  crouds  to  fee  it  and  to  obferve  oui  con- 
du£\uponth«  occafion — but  it  was  quite  otherwife,  the 
people  all  Ihut  themfelves  up  in  their  houfes,  and  nobody 
was  feen  but  two  or  three  men  who  attended  Kikinny. 

As  the  circumftance  of  thiP  mans  death  was  an  event 
that  would  be  much  noticed  by  the  natives  as  well  as  the 
manner  in  which  we  fliould  difpofe  of  the  corps,  it  was  de- 
terminf^d  to  render  the  whole  matter  as  magnificent  and 
iefpe£table  as  thefiluation  of  th«  affair  would  j^ermit,  tK» 
body  was  therefore  inclofed  in  a  coffin  covered  with  co- 
lors and  borne  by  the  bargemen,  who  walked  in  the  cen- 
tre. Cook  and  his  offieets  with  fome  of  the  people  fol- 
lowed two  and  two  according  to  their  rank.  In  the  frrnt 
at  an  advanced  diftance  preceeding  a  gu?ird  of  marines 
marching  to  the  tune  of  a  fife  that  played  the  funeral 
march,  and  with  their  arms  reverted,  when  we  had  affcend- 
cd  theMoR.M  and  reached  the  grave  the  gu^rd  opened 
their  ranks  and  performed  the  ufual  evolutions  on  thofe 
occafions  ;  Cook  and  his  officers  re.nd  prayers,  and  Kilin- 
ny  and  hisfqnat  down  upon  their  hams  befor*  them  pay- 
jni?  great  attention,  and  were  oftenlibly  much  afff£^ed. 
When  we  began  to  cover  the  lemiins,  Kikinny  (eized  a 
little  pig  be  had  under  his  aim  by  his  hinder  legs,  and 
b*aiin,.^  its  head  againft  the  (tones  hove  into  the  grave, 
nnd  would  have  done  the  fsrr.e  with  one  or  two  more  hogs 
thpy  had  with  them  h'ld  not  Cook  inter  j^of«d,    ThH<:r€- 


"T''  '   ' 


/ 


t      i*s 


mony  over  and  the  guard  marched  off,  Cook  cre6ed  a  poft 
with  an  infciiption  fuitablc  to  the  occafion.    This  ^lavtt 

yds  ever  after  vifited  by  the  natives,  who  firewed  it  ovet 
'Mth  viands  and  animal  liefti.  They  feemed  to  pay  a 
g  eiter  atiention  to  this  mans  grave  than  to  thofe  of  their 
own  people.  I  obferved  one  night  a  light  upon  the 
MoRAi  after  this  affair,  and  as  it  was  an  unufual  cir- 
cumftance,  Iwentup  upon  the  Morai  to  fee  if  I  could 
know  the  reafon  of  it  J  when  I  had  aiTcended  I  obferved 
I  cr  or  13  men  litting  in  a  circlf;  round  a  fire.  I  advanced 
to  them  and  uncovcied  my  head,  not  choofmg  to  fit  dowa 
among  them  or  interrupt  their  bufmefa,  nor  indeed  to  ftajr 
if  I  iound  my  company  was  intrufive.  The  company  all 
looked  at  me  and  thenfpoke  to  each  other:  I  could  un- 
der fland  fome  of  them  :  they  told  feme  old  grey-headed  In- 
dians that  I  was  the  Kakakoa  lahi,  or  chief  warrior  at  the 
tcnts,and  that  I  was  well  known  in  the  town,  ?<  that  Iwat 
a  good  man  :  that  Kunneava  was  my  friend,  and  that  my 
name  was  Ourero(a  naitiegfven  me  by  the  Indians)  and 
that  I  had  faved  an  old  womnn  from  being  drowned  in  the 
fea  byexpofingmy  own  life,all  which  was  true.  Uponthi* 

cprt^fentation  and  more  that  I  did  but  imperfc£^ly  com- 
prf»hend,  I  was  called  by  one  of  the  old  Indians  to  come 
iindiit  down  by  him,which  I  complied  with.  I  fet  half  an 
hour  there,  during  which  time  they  killed  a  pig  in  the 
manner  Kikinny  had  done  hi.«,  opened  it  while  warm  and 
threw  the  eniraiif  into  the  fire  and  left  them  to  Confumc: 
the  carcafe  of  the  pig  was  thrown  upon  Watman's  grave. 
When  I  went  away  I  hadfeveral  prefcnts  of  fruit  made 
me,  and  the  n-^xt  day  in  confequence  of  my  latt  nodurnal 
vifit,  had  fever  a  Howls,  a  pig  and  other  things  fent  me  by 
the  fame  old  men.  It  feems  the  fole  purpofe  of  this  alTcm* 
bly  was  to  facrifice  (if  I  may  fo  call  it)  to  the  manes  of 
Wntman,  and  I  rclg  ted  it  to  Ihew  that  their  charity  to  the 
^ead  isconfiftent  with  th°  real  idea  of  thi«  virtue,  and 
br^ath^  the  pureft  fpirit  of  philanthrophy.  It  in  anexamplc 
that  will  put  fcven  eights  of  Chriftendom  to  the  blulh. 

Thofc 


rffli 


.i      li  !i 


V.    i' 


■■i!.;] 


V 


■^^, 


126  ] 


|r   ^! 


KM 


mn 


111 


!■ 


•!  ThoTe  readers  who  have  feen  the  publication  of  Cook's 
former  voyages  wiil  meet  with  but  iittie  thit  is  new 
in  many  parts  of  my  hiftory  lefpeclin^  this  people,  there 
is  fo  ,i;eneial  a  conformity  in  th«»  objects  of  it  to  ihofe 
at  Otaheite  and  the  tropical  libaJs  throu^hou^.  An 
lnlt.:nce  of  it  is  the  Mosai  at  tais  place,  the  general 
itrudure  and  the  ultimate  deri<n  of  it  is  the  fame  as 
at  Otaheite.  It  is  a  fquare  pi'e  of  i\  nes  near'y  9© 
feet  long  on  each  fide,  and  is  from  7  to  ij  f'^et  high 
accordmg  to  the  elevation  of  the  ground  on  which  it 
ftands  :  It  is  compofed  of  dilTerent  kinds  of  ftone,  thofe 
that  compofe  the  fides  are  in  general  large,  and  many 
of  them  fquare,  but  do  not  appeai  to  hive  been  made 
fo  by  art.  The  intSi mediate  fpace  feems  to  have  been 
filled  up  aftfsr  the  ftrudlure  of  the  fides  with  round  ftones 
and  fome  pieces  of  lava,  the  furf?ice  is  even  and  level 
all  over.  On  the  fides  of  the  wall  there  is  a  low  pa- 
led fence  compofed  of  fmall  round  fticks  rudely  put  to- 
gether though  at  infinite  deal  of  trouble  as  it  was  ef- 
fected without  the  aififtance  of  any  mechanical  inftru- 
mcnts,  but  thofe  which  we  found  them  poffelfed  of  at 
out  firft  arrival,  the  befk  of  which  was  a  ftone  hatchet. 
On  the  tops  of  the  pales  are  fortuitouUy  placed  human 
fculls,  and  other  bones  of  the  human  body,  which  be- 
longed either  to  their  own  criminals,  who  had  beenther« 
facrificed  to  the  god  of  war  (cilled  Ehatua)  or  to  thofe 
who  had  fulTeied  the  fame  fate  by  being  made  prifoners 
of  war,  or  to  both,  and  they  are  confideied  as  trophies 
in  cither  cafe.  The  bodies  or  rather  the  IJtlh  of  thofe 
vi8ims  are  cat.  and  the  entrails  burnt  as  oblations. 
The  Morai  is  alfo  mar.e  a  placfj  of  interment,  but  re- 
fped^s  only  the  chiefs,  fhe  people  inter  their  dead  near 
their  houfcs,  whe  e  they  crttX  fome  ill-formed  image  o- 
ver  or  near  the  grave,  which  is  alfo  the  cafe  with  the 
chiefs  that  are  intered  in  the  Morai  with  this  differ- 
ence only,  that  their  images  aie  larger  and  better  made. 

•     .  ....j..'u.  Both 


knowli 
of  art 


^^'*.»        ■    -^    -T 


I         127         ] 

Both  the  chiefs  and  commonalty  keep  up  a  fucceflion 
©i"  food  near  their  graves.      The  particular  manner  in 
which  they  laft  difpofe  of  the  remains  of  their  de?d  wc 
were  never  able  to  learn.    There  were  two  deaths  at 
Kireekakooa  while   were  there  the  firft  time,    but  the 
in»e; meats  that  fuceeeded   were  in  th«  night;   whether 
they    did  this  merely  to  fcreen  the    ceremony  of  their 
Ip.fi  obfcquie^t  fiom  us^  or  whether  it  was  really  the  cu- 
ftom  we  could  not  tell.    H^re  are  however  fome  cere- 
monies previous  to  the  interment  that  are  curious  though 
I  cannot  fay  common  fmce  we  never  knew  but  one  in» 
Aance  of  it,  and  that  refpe£\ed  a   chief.    The  circum- 
ftance  aluded  to  is  this:  As  foon  as  the  perfon  was  dead, 
and  while  the  body  remained  flexible  it  was  firft  pla- 
ced   and  fupported  in  a  feting  pofture,  then    the   legs 
were  preiTed  clofe  to  the  h?ms,  the  body  and  head  bent 
forward  until  the  chin  refted  upon  the  knees,  and  the 
arms  prelTed  clofe  to  the  fides,    and  bending  from  the 
elbows  in  coffTormity  to  the  dire£\ion  of  the  thighs  the 
hands  met  at  the  fore  part  of  each  knee  under  the  chin  j 
and  in  this  pofture  the  whole   was   confined    by    ban- 
dages of  cloath,    and  the'e  were  multiplied   until  the 
form  of  the  corpfe  was  loft,   and  could   not  be  known 
from  a  bundle  of  cloath  of  the  fame  magnitude  without 
any  thing  contained  within  it.     I  think  the  attitude  of 
this  Corpfe  refembles  that  of  fome  of  the  poftures  of  the 
human  foetus,  and  that  they  mean  to  have  the  body  left 
in  its   laft  ftate  in  the  form  moft   peculiar  to  it  in  its 
primogenial  ftate  of  exiftence— and  as  it   is  difficult  to 
conceive   how   they  ftiould    become    poffeffed  of  fo  cu- 
rious a  piece  of  knowled2;e  as  refpeOs  the  operations 
in  the  receffes  of  the  womb  of  themfelves,  or  that  this 
information  ftiould  if    poflTible    originate    from    chance : 
It  may  be  fuppofed  to  be  a  traditionary  cuficm,  pnd  the 
knowlegde  derived  from  a  fource  were  by  the  afTiftance 
of  art  and  th«  improvement  of  the  mind:    Such  a  cir- 
■■■■'''^^  cuiiiftance 


S:    (^ 


M     i 


\'    ' 


■JH&^J. 


1 1 


1) 


I  ,    i 


EZS 


] 


jEumftjince  can  only  be  fuppofcd  with  propriety  to  have 
originated,  and  that  may  be  from  either  of  the  conti- 
iMntfl  remotely  or  imofiediately,  but  it  would  be  a  per- 
i>leK  purfuit  to  enquiic  from  which,  or  at  what  period 
and  by  what  means. 

The  Town  of  Kireekskooa  is  about  a  mile  and  an  half 
in  length,  but  narrow  and  of  an  unequal  breadth,  and 
as  I  have  before  obfervcd  contains  about  iiooheures, 
fome  reckon   1300   including?  fome  detached  buildinj^s. 
It  is  fituate  along  the  (bore    within   a  few  udn  of  the 
water,  and  is  in  general  very  compa£^,  and  as  the  h:u- 
fcs  in  thofc  places  ftand  fo  as  to  create  a  b.eadth  there 
arc  a  number  of  little  ftreets  th^it   inteife£\  each  oJher 
very   happily  though  they  do   not  feem  to  have    been 
the  effc£^s  of  much  dtfign,  and  a  very  agreeable  ?nd 
uncommon  circumftance  to  be  found  among  thefe  rude 
fons  of  nature,  was,  that  thefe  little  avenues  were  gene- 
rally paved.     The  houfes    hero  differ    altogether  fom 
thofe  to  the  fouthward  in  their  form,  though  not  much 
in  other  rerpe£\3:    They  are  exaOly  like  a  tent,   the 
frame  is  light  and  for  the  mort  part  lalhed  together,  ck- 
eept  now  and  then  where  two  Urge  poftsinet,  and  there 
was  a  kind  ©f  a  mortice,    both  tht  fides  and  the  ends 
aiie   thatched  with  coarfe  «5rafs,    and    fometimes  palm- 
tree- leaves.    They  have  but  one  p^ilTage  which  is  ufed 
both  as  a  door  and  window  :  The  infide  of  the  houfe  is 
without  partitions  abce  or  below^    the  ground  within 
being  hard  and  dry  is  covered  with  thick  coarfe  graft, 
dryed  plantain  and  palm-tree-leaves,    over  which  they 
fpread  large  well-wrought  mats,  which  makes  the  houfe 
cleanly,   and  gives  it   an  air  of  elegance  anH  comfrrt, 
and  as  they  have  no  chairs,  tables,  beds  and  fuch  kind 
of  furniture  there  is  room  enough.    They  are  of  differ- 
ent  nagnitudes,    but    in  general  they  ar;  between  yj 
and  40  feet  fquare ;  Theie  arc  coooanut  and  other  trcts 

intcrfpeifcd 


X 


I        "9        3 


J 


mteifperfed  artificially  anion^  the  hr^ufe^  all  over  th« 
town,  and  in  about  the  middle  of  it  thf^e  is  a  level  couric 
for  running  and  other  exercifea,  which  is  very  beauti- 
fully Jkiited  with  trees  frora  end  to  end,  and  is  1  ppt  ve- 
ry clean.     There  are  alfo  in  difTerent  places  fqu^re  e- 
levated  yards  for   bleaching  and  other  wife  rnanuudur- 
ing    their   cloth.      The  Morai  ftands  in    the  north ^veii 
part  of  the  town  oppofite  that  part  of  the  bay  where 
our  (hips  lay.     The  Town  of  Kiverua  wliich  lies  on  the 
oppofite   fide  of  the  bay  half  a  mile  diitant   is  alxiat 
half  a§  large  at  Kireekakooa.    Both  fhe  towns  contain 
about   15000  inhabitants,    and  we  vveie  told  they  were 
the    latKcft    town»  on  the  iiland.      Owyhee  is  divided 
into  diftrids  or  circles,  each  of  which  u  pt elided  over 
by  a  chief  or  chiefs,  who  aie  fubordinate  10  one,  which 
was  Kireeaboo,  who  holding  no  particular  01  local  pof- 
feifion  lived  fometimes  in  one  circle,  and  fonietiniC'^  in 
another  in  a  kind   of  rotation,   or  as  humor  didated  or 
exigencies    lequiied.    If    I    have  the  number  ri^ht  the 
whole  ilVmd  is  contained  in  12  circles,  and  according  to 
their  accounts  and  our  own  clhmation  contains  aimoft   or 
quite  100,000  inhabitants.    It  was  ditiicult  for  up  from  a 
iliort  and  imptiit£^    acqu;rint;mce  with    thefe   people,  to 
gain  much  knowjedgeof  the  nature  ()f  their  govcrnuipnt, 
but  thfi  general  tenourofit  like  their  other  cuftom^,  thffir 
manners,  langu.ige,  drefs,  pcifon.<  anddifpofitionxfone.u- 
ly  aproximate  to  thofe  of  the  fouth-m  tropical  ifiatii'ers, 
ihat it  ^ert.iiiijy  does  not  dilitr  much  fmm  theirs,  thou^li 
1  thi'-.K.  their  lawsniuch   better  #iduiinittered  than  at  the 
Society  illjndj?,  cfpecially  at  Otitheite:    thf^rc  are  thi<"e 
orders  by  which  th«<  fuperior  a-e  diftiniiuiilictd  from  th*  iu- 
ieriot   people,  they  are  called  in  their  lyniiua«;c  the  (<ro» 
po,  the  Ri^kakoa  iind  thcMida,  ihcfe    it  frru.v  romv^'f'?  ^i"** 
Je^ill  itiv^  «»nd  executive  i-ift<i  of  their    |)olif.r.     1  h^  Mi- 
da    a!c  thfii  i>riclt8an<l  ti^e  ICAakoa    aic    tluir  iiuiir^  y 
men.     The  Oiono  is  :i  brnnc  h  I  c  mnoi  well  d'lrne,  un  ( ii 
I  call  it  the  civil  ^\i\  01  the  cui|)ttiuuga.    They  a  e  atl 

'.'htefiain». 

R 


.:ii, 


\'%\ 


f^iil 


'  l-i 


■1: 

I'. 

♦I,  ii     , 


•PI 


\ 


^M 


im 


i»'.i 


\T 


chieftaini,  and  the  Orono  go  to  war  as  well  as  the  Kika- 
koa,  butthe  Mida  do  notaO  in  the  field,  they  ftir  the 
people  up  by  ora tori'' al  incitements.  Itwasfaidby  fome 
•f  us  that  the  Orono  implied  royalty,  and  that  thofe 
who  had  th  it  title  were  the  immediate  defendants  of  the 
fupreme  chief.  I  do  not  mean  by  the  Kakakoa  being  a 
fele£\  body  ot  warriors,  that  they  are  the  only  men  with 
the  Orono  who  go  to  war.  The  body  of  the  people  fight 
as  well  as  the  Kakakoa,  but  the  chiefs  are  always  fore- 
moft,  and  (hare  equally  all  the  honors  of  vi^ory,  aud  the 
clifgraceof  a  defeat:  this  renders  them  refpeOable  and 
dear  to  the  people,  and  makes  them  proud  and  valourous 
themfelves— nothing  is  more  difgraceful  than  for  thefe 
men  Of  even  the  commonalty  to  receive  a  wound  in  the 
b^ck,  the  fti,t<ma  endures  as  indelible  as  the  r<i«ik,  and  as 
they  go  naked  it  is  Conftantly  expofed. 

Whether  the  invefltiture  of  authority  and  power  are 
nominal  or  hereditary  is  not  certain,  though  I  incliiU  to 
think  the  latter,  which  certainly  is  the  beft  in  the>  ''•'  ^^, 
for  two  rt'fons:  thofe  who  are  in  power  are  in  ne  liarigcr 
of  corruption,  and  the  tenures  of  the  chiefs  are  revocable. 
This  was  evident  to  us  from  the  inttance  of  Kireeaboo's 
eldcft  fon,  who,  though  heir  apoarcnt  to  his  father,  was 
deprived  for  mifdemeanours  rf  his  title  ap.^  authority; 
he  was  indeed  afterwards  forgiven  on  account  of  his  fin- 
cere  repentance,  and  a  great  many  virtues  he  poffelTed, 
and  rettor<rd  to  his  former  priveleges.  This  fon  was  one  of 
the  ftouteftandmoft  intrepid  men  I  faw  tmo'  g  them,  was 
of  a  complexion  fo  much  darker  than  general  that  it  ren- 
dered him  ft  n;;ul  a  r  in  ihatrefpeO,  and  he  always  went 
rl relied  in  black  cloth  which  is  an  emblem  of  war  among 
ihrm,  which  his  foul  feemfd  to  delight  in.  He  had  gone 
not  lonR  before  oui  arrival  over  to  Mauwee.  where  the 
greatnefsof  hip  chnra^er  and  the  importance  o»  nisdefign 
foon  put  him  at  the  head  of  the  whole  force  of  that  ifl^nd, 

•      ^      anH 


s 

t 


4  «« 


y.." 


iii,:iii4^'V,8t..  ._ 


and  his  activity  and  entcrpTi-uing  difpofition  did  not  fuflfer 
him  to  ftoplhort  of  an  attack  in  the  very  heart  of  Owyhee, 
where  he  fought  his  father  in  feven  pitched  battle*,  before 
he  was  entirely  fubdqed,  and  it  was  pi  in«ipaily  owing  to 
this  untutoied  hero  that  our  own  quarrels  with  the  Owy. 
heeans  fubfequent  to  the  death  of  Cook  were  fo  obftinately 
maintained  and  protra^cd  by  them. 

This  loofe  defcription  of  the  outlines  of  their  govern- 
ment is  all  we  were  able  to  obtain,  though   no   doubt   it 
comprehends  a  fyP.em  if  thoroughly  known  that  would  b« 
much  more  to  their  honor  in   our  efteem.     It  was  very  e- 
vident  that  their  government  poffclfed  that  energy  which 
is  ever  the  refultof  ceconomical  jurifprudcnce,   and  the 
pcrfe£\ion  of  government;  a  proof  of  it  is  the  cool  delibe- 
rate deprivation  of  life  when  required  by  their  laws,  and  if 
this  proves  thtdignity  of  their  authority;  the  manner   in 
which  they  execute  the  decree  fpeaks  equally    loud  in  fa- 
vour of  thfir  policy,  the  chiefs  condemn  and  they  make 
the  body  of  the    people   execute.     The  criminal  in  thit 
cafe  isbound  toa  ft^kc.     The    chiefs   caft  thefiift  ftoiic, 
and  then  the  fpeOators  at  large  until  the   »alefa8or  ex- 
pires, and  there  is  a  particular  fpot  of  gtound  wherr   his 
body  is  afterwaids  difpofedof;  but  I  believe  this'laft  cir- 
rumftancerefpe£^9  the  chif:i3  only.     A   condemned  male- 
factor of  an  inferior  clafs,  we    g^nenlly   undeiftood  was 
preferved  as  a  facritice  t«  the  god  of  war.    provided  thrjr 
were  not  then  polfefledof  any  prifoners  of  war.  Inmatte:s 
not  capital  the  offendf  feems  to  be  dir--garded  as  an  ob- 
ject not  meritorious  of  public  notice,  ana  is  generally  well 
threttied  or  kicked  by  fonie  of  the  chiefs,  or  by  all  of  tlicm 
whenever  they  know  his  demerits  and  happen  to  meet  him. 
We  could  not  learn  that  they  had  any  other  method  of  pu- 
milling  capital  or  inferior  crimes. 

They  have  marriages  among  them,  bur  whether  they 

atecifilor  rcJiijious  appointments  wf;  cannot  tell,  but  the 

•  .  •  .  cuftom 


V  '!■  :[  ■ 


t      132      1 


'/i 


i  I' 


I  \ 


iif  i'      I 


|fll 

If  ,h\m 


euftom  <lo«s  not  fecm  to  be  refpeOabl^,  atl^fl  among  the 
chilis,  and  we  were  told  that  a  man  could  difcard  his  wife 
at  plf  ifure,  and  keep  ail  her  cfifeOs,  though  I  believe  this 
vf\y  feldom  happens.  It  is  however  very  nianifeft  rmong 
the  chiefs,  thatnotonly  mirri-i^e,  but  a  coirmerce  with 
the  wom*5n  in  any  other  refpeO  is  in  very  indifferent  efti- 
m?^tion,and  it  is  a  difagreerible  circutiiftance  to  the  hitto- 
ri?n  that  truth  obliges  him  to  inform  th«  world  of  a  cuf- 
tom  among  them  rontr^iry  to  nature,  and  odious  to  a  deli- 
cate nr^ind,  yet  as  fuch  a  remirkable  incident  in  the.hiftory 
of  a  new  difcovered,  a  remote  and  a  numerous  people,  will 
tend  ro  illucidate  the  enquiries  of  the  ingenious  in  fuch 
lubjfiif^s  asm^y  tranfpire  from  t  he  various  accounts  of  men 
j»nd  manners  here  Of  elfewhere  given,  it  would  be  to  omit 
themort  materid  and  uleful  part  of  hiflorical  narration 
Tf)  omit  it ;  the  cuftom  alluded  to  is  thai  of  fodrmy,  which 
is  very  pp  v  a  lent  if  not  univerfal  among  the  chiefs,  and  we 
believft  pfc<  r  to  them,  as  we  never  faw  nny  appearance 
rf  It  among  ti.j  commonalty.  As  this  was  the  Hrit  in- 
^rincc  we  had  ever  feen  oi  it  in  our  travels,  we  were  cau- 
tious how  we  credited  the  firft  indications  of  it,  and  wait- 
ed untill  opportunity  gave  full  proof  of  the  circumftance. 
The  cohabitation  is  between  the  chiefs  and  themoft  beau- 
tiful males  they  can  procure  about  17  years  old,thefe  they 
cjll  Kikuina,  which  in  their  lan^uajije  ri«.»nifies  a  relation. 
Thffe  youths  follow  them  wherever  they  go,  and  are  as 
p  I rrowly  looked  after  ns  the  women  in  thofe  countries 
whe  e  jeiloufy  is  fo  j^rf  d<  rninant  a  p-ilTion  ;  they  are  ex- 
tremely fond  of  th^m,  ?nd  hy  a  ftiocViug  inveifion  of  the 
laws  of  nature,  ihf-y  brftow  all  thofe  afiv  <Honsupon  them 
fh^t  were  intended  for  the  other  fex.  We  did  not  fully 
difrovf-r  this  cirunriHimrr  until  near  our  departure,  and 
indeed  himented  we  evpt  h.'»d,frr  though  we  had  no  right 
toHtt.ickor  cvfi  to  difa;  prove  of  cuHoms  in  general  that 
d;ife^d  fiotn  our  own,  yet  thison'^fo  p  ppar-ntly  in- 
funj^t  i  and  mlulied  iho  hi  ft  an^  ftri»ngeft  di£^i*ir  01  n-iture, 

and 


I 


133 


1 


gthft 

I  wife 

e  this 

mong 

with 

t  «fti- 
hifto- 
a  cuf- 
)  deli- 
hiftory 
e,  wiU 
n  fuch 
)f  men 
>  omit 
nation 
^  which 
and  we 
earancc 
irlt    in- 
!i*j  cau- 


nnd  we  had  from  education  and  a  difTufire  obfervation  o£ 
the  woild,  fo  rtronc;  a  prejudice  againtt  it,  that  the  firft 
inftancewefaw  of  if  we  condemned  a  man  fully  repro- 
bated. Our  oflficeis  indeed  did  not  infult  the  chiefs  by 
any  means,  but  our  foldiers  and  tajs  to  vindicate  their 
own  wonderful  modefty,  and  at  the  famft  time  oblige  the 
inful red  women,  and  icconimendihemfelves  to  their  favors 
became fevere  arbitraiors,  and  themoft  valcuroua  defend- 
ers and  fupporters  of  their  own  tenets. 

I  have  before  e^bferved  that  there  is  a  remarkable 
conformity  in  moft  of  the  cuftoms  and  appearances  a- 
mong  thefe  ifljnders  and  thofe  to  the  fouthward.  I 
fhiil  therefore  generally  confine  my  ofefervations  to 
thofe  particulars  only  where  there  is  'my  remaikablc 
difference.  This  is  in  fome  meafure  the  cafe  with  their 
drefs.  The  people  here  have  indeed  th  ^  fame  fpecies 
of  cloath  they  have  to  the  fouthwaid,  and  it  is  fomewhat 
manufaOured  like  it,  but  it  is  much  more  variegated 
in  the  conclufive  beftowment  made  upon  it ;  they  have 
a  great  variety  of  colours  here,  and  though  rudely  com- 
pounded they  look  very  well  at  a  litilq  diHance.  Thefe 
cokours  they  nfe  profufely  upon  their  cloath  in  a  vari- 
egfited  and  very  fanciful  drapery.  They  wear  it  in  the 
fame  manner  they  do  at  the  fouthward.  Put  exclufive 
of  this  kind  of  dicfs  they  have  large  c'oaks,  and  caps 
made  of  feathers,  which  are  very  gay;  th"  plumage  of 
which  they  are  rompofed  is  as  livel/  and  as  variega- 
ted as  can  well  be  imnginc^d,  and  is  procured  from  the 
numerous  birds  tlu't  inhabit  the  mountains,  which  they 
catch  with  a  glutinous  matter  that  refembles  our  bird- 
lime, but  is  much  better.  The  cloaks  are  mnde  near- 
ly fquare,  and  are  worn  over  the  llioulders  with  the  two 
upper  corner!  tied  under  the  chin.  The  form  of  the 
cap  ia  a  real  rurioiity  being  the  exaO  model  of  the 
anrient  helmet.  Many  of  them  have  their  hair  which 
\%  coaifc  and  i^rong  cut  into  the  fame  form.    .,^s 

V.Botb 


i.;,h 


't  ?. 
I  \ 


ms 


wi  * 


m 


I  ).'   I 


I ',  .1 


I'  '■ ' 


'  ^  i 


3   ^ 


i 


124 


1 


Both  the  vegetable  and  anima!  produ£tion3  of  Owy- 
hee  are  like  thofe  of  the  fouthern  iihnds.  The  animalg 
are  the  fame  not  only  in  their  kind,  but  have  that  ap- 
proxim<ition  which  indicates  ev«n  the  fame  breed,  and 
what  is  equally  rcrairkable  is  that  thefe  iflandsas  well 
as  every  other  of  the  tropical  iflands  in  the  fouth  fea 
have  no  other  animali,  and  hogs,  dugs  and  rats  include 
the  whole  of  their  number,  and  none  of  thofe  ilhnds 
arc  found  without  thofe  animals  that  aie  inhabited,  and 
thofe  which  are  unifthabited  have  none  of  them  except 
rats.  E.en  Kew-Z<»al2nd  hath  dogs,  and  they  are  of 
the  fame  kind.  It  is  remarkable  too  that  none  of  thofe 
dogs  ever  brirk,  and  are  equally  in  20  deg.  north,  and 
40  deg.  fouth  the  f.jme  ilug2;ini,  fliort-leggcd,  little- 
cared  creatures.  The  bread-fruit  here  and  every  where 
clfe  whf^ie  it  is  known  is  the  fame,  but  the  yams  at 
Sandwich- 1 flmds  are  infinitelv^  fuperior  to  thofe  of  the 
fouthern  iilands:  They  arc  chicHy  the  produce  of  the 
Tfla^d  of  Nehow,  which  is  the  wefternmoft  of  Sandwich- 
lflandv».  The  potatoes  we  found  here  are  peculiar  to 
thefe  iflands:  They  are  large  and  fwect,  but  watery; 
the  eddy-r(X)t,  or  what  is  Known  here  and  at  Otaheite 
by  the. name  of  Terra  is  alfo  mnch  fuperior  to  that  a- 
mong  the  fouthern  iflands.  Cocoa  nuts  arff  not  fo  plenty 
here  a<«  at  the  fouthwaid.  Another  matter  pecvliir  to 
thtfe  iflands  is  fait,  but  as  they  have  no  advantages  from 
nature  that  would  lead  to  a  difcovery  of  the  art  of  making 
fait,  or  facilitate  theoperation  afterwards  more  than  they 
have  at  the  other  iflands,  it  is  a  matter  of  fome  curioiity 
how  they  became  acquainted  with  it.  They  make  it  of 
fea  welter,  which  they  leave  in  the  holes  of  the  rocks  to  e- 
vaporate.  We  procured  a  quantity  of  this  faltmoie  than 
fufficicnt  fqr  oar  ufa  tiic  fuccecding  partol  the  voyage. 

9 

On  the  ?d  of  February  our  launch  was  fenton    fhore   to 

bring olf  the  Krfolution's  rudder,  which  hnd  been  fent  on 

(bare  to  ha\  e  the  pintles  repaired,  and  the  crew  not  lieine; 

able 


..« 


T? 


U   . 


^ 


ap-» 
and 

well 

r\  fea 

:ludc 

ilsnd* 

,  and 

xcept 

ire  oC 
thofe 

I,  and 

little- 

whcre 

\m%  at 
of  the 
of  the 

dwich- 

iliar  to 
^tery  ; 
abeitc 
hat  a- 
plenty 
v.liar  lo 
cs  from 
making 
n  they 
luriority 
c  it    of 
s  to  e- 
ic  than 


ire  to 
Ifent  on 
II  lysine; 

iiblc 


I        135        1 


able  of  themfelvcs  to  get  it  off,  the  m  afters  mate  invited 
a  parcel  of  the  natives  that  were  ftanding  round  the  en- 
campment to  affitt  them,  to  which  they  very  readily 
affe61ed  a  compliance,  and  as  many  as  50  or  60  joined 
our  people,  and  got  hold  of  a  rope  that  was  hitched  to 
the  head  of  the  rudder,  and  pretended  to  pull  and  la- 
bor very  hard,  though  at  the  fame  time  they  were  in 
U(\  doing  all  they  could  to  retard  the  bufinefs,  to  ri- 
dicule and  make  their  paftime  of  the  people.  This 
•  xnfpcratcd  the  mate,  and  he  ftrucktwo  or  three  of  them, 
which  being  obferred  by  a  chief  that  was  pref«;nt  he 
interpofed:  The  mate  haughtily  told  the  chief  to  or- 
der his  people  to  aflift  him,  and  the  chief  at  well  as 
the  people  having  no  intention,  but  of  fhewing  their 
difregard  and  fcorn,  which  had  long  been  growing  to- 
wards us  laughed  at  him,  hooted  him,  and  hove  ftones 
at  him  and  the  crew,  who  taking  up  fome  trunnels  that 
were  laying  by  fell  upon  the  Indians,  beat  many  of 
them  much  and  drove  the  refk  feveial  rods  back,  but 
*he  croud  colle£\ing  at  a  little  diftance,  formed  arid  be- 
gan to  ufe  abufive  language,  challenge  our  people  and 
throw  flones,  fome  of  which  came  into  our  encamp- 
ment. 

Though  I  plainly  forefaw  thefe  things,  and  was  con- 
fcious  that  they  originated  chieliy  from  our  imprudence 
as  well  as  the  propenfity  among  the  natives  to  envy 
and  if  they  dired  to  iiifult  our  fuperior  merit,  yet  as 
an  officer  and  a  m^^n  who  had  every  confequcnce  to 
abide  in  common  with  my  fellow  adventur^^rs  I  could 
not  juftify  a  pnffivr  conduO,  and  therefore  acquainted 
the  commanding  officer  at  the  tents  of  the  difturbance, 
requefting  that  I  might  put  the  guard  undtr  arms,  and 
at  le-.aft  make  a  fticw  of  vefcntnient,  to  which  he  He-  .,> 
quiefced  :incl  came  out  of  his  tent  to  apprafe  the  fray 
io  p<*rfon,  and  it  was  a  pity  that  fomu',h  ibftnefs,  hu- 
manity 


m  ir 


M'li 


I  >  'M 


'Tiff  •«<»■. tn "If  I".  : 


IWiniaiVWIIfi 


i-    i  w 


:ii 


ir,  '    n 


rM 


ijdi.  '; 


[       136       3 


'.  p^ 


nnity  and  goodncfs  IhouM  have  bren  fo  rou)2:hly  dealt 
ith  as  he  was,  for  ihey  pelted  him  and  xhz  file  of 
men  with  him  with  ftones  back  to  the  encampment. 
This,  however,  did  not  provoke  him  to  fire  imonK  them, 
and  after  laughingly  fayinji;,  they  were  a  fet  of  fad 
rogues  and  were  f|)oiled  he  retired  again  to  his  ob- 
fervatory.  At  fun-down  the  natives  retired,  and  the 
crew  got  the  rudder  oil  with  the  aiUftance  of  the  guard 
lery  eafily,  '^ 

Inftancca   of  this   kind  though    of  lefs  apparent    im- 
portance   had    happened  feveral    times  before    thii  on 
Ihore,    but  on  board  hardly  ^  d.iy   paffed  :i{ter  the  ti  ft 
week  that  did  not   produce  Ibme    petty  difturbance  in 
one  01  both  of  the  Ihips,    and  they    chiefly   proceeded 
fjom  thefts  perpetrated  by  the  natives  in  a  manner  lit- 
tle Uiort  of  robbery;    Cook  and  Kireeaboo  w»ie  fully 
uiiploycd   in    adjuHin;;!;  and   compromizing    thffe  differ- 
ences, and  as  there  was  really  a  reciprocal  difmtcreft- 
cd  repaid  between  him  and  this  t<ood  old  mnn  it  tend- 
ed much  to  facilitate  thefe  amicable   negociations — but 
in  the  mldlt   of  thefe  me.ifures  Cook   was  infenfible  of 
the  daily  decline  of    his  gieainefs  and  impoitance    in 
the  ellimation  of  the  natives,  nay,  fo  confident  was  he, 
and    fo   fecure  in  the  oppofite  opinion  that  on   the  4th 
of  FeXiuaty- he  came  to  Kireekakooa  with  his  boats  to 
pur  chafe  and  c'^rry  off  the  fence  round  the  Moiai,  which 
he  wanted  to  Wood  the  Hups  with.      When  he  landtd 
he  fent  for  the   Prielt  KiKmny  and   fome    other   chiefs, 
and  ofTe red  them  two  iron  haichets  for  the  t>nce.    The 
chiefs  were  aftonilhed  not  only  at  the  in^deqiate  pric^, 
but  at  the  propofal  and  refufed  him.  .  ,, 

Cook  wTs  as  much    chagrined  .li*   they  were  furpriz- 

5<l,    and,  not    aieetfng  wiih  the   eafy    acquiffcerce    he 

'cxpeded  to  his    leqiafitions   giive  immediate   ordcm  to 

hi^f  people  ic  afccuvi  the  Morai,  bicak  dawn  the  fence 

8,nd 


calt 
e  o{ 
icnt. 
hem, 
£  fad 
\  ob- 
i  the 
guacd 


t   im- 
^ii  on 
ic  ti  ft 
nce  in 
seeded 
icr  lit- 
f  fully 
differ, 
nter  eft- 
it  tcnd- 
ns— but 
fiblc  of 
\nce    in 
was  he, 
the  4ih 
)oats  to 
which 


ihiefs. 

The 

ptict, 


furpriz- 
;r  ce  he 
jrdeT«  to 

I  he  fence 
and 


[         137        ] 

and  load  the  lloats  with  it,  leadine;  the  way  himfe If  to 
enforce  his  orde:*.  The  |)oor  difmaycd  chieU  dicading 
hi»  difplc^fure,  which  they  f>iw  approaching  followed 
him  upon  the  Morai  to  behold  the  fence  that  enclof- 
ed  the  manfionsof  their  noble  anceiiors,  and  the  image i 
of  their  gods  torn  to  pieces  by  a  handful  of  rude 
ilrans;era  without  the  power,  or  at  lenft  without  the  re- 
folution  of  cpprfmg  their  facrilegious  depredationi. 
When  Cook  had  afcendcd  the  Morai  he  once  more  of- 
fered the  hatchets  to  the  chief<«.  It  was  a  very  une- 
qual price  if  the  honeft  chiefs  would  have  accepted  of 
the  bribe,  and  Cook  offered  it  only  to  evade  the  im- 
putation of  taking  their  property  without  payment. 
The  chiefs  again  refufed  it.  Cook  then  added  another 
hatchet  and  kindling  into  lefentment  told  them  to  take 
it  or  nothing— Kikinny,  to  whom  the  offer  was  made 
turned  pale,  and  tremb'ed  as  he  ftood,  but  ftill  refufed. 
Cook  tjiruft  them  into  his  garment  that  was  folded  round 
him,  and  left  him  imm»*diately  to  haften  the  execution 
of  hii»  orders.  A8  for  Kikinny  he  turned  to  fome  of 
his  menials  and  made  them  t.ike  the  hatchets  out  of 
his  garment,  not  touching  them  himfclf.       ^  ^ 

By  this  time  a  conHderable  concourfe  f>f  the  natives 
had  affemhlcd  under  the  walls  of  the  Morai,  where  wt 
were  heavin^j  the  wood  down,  and  were  very  outrage- 
ous, and  even  hove  the  word  and  images  back  as  we 
threw  theiTi  down,  and  I  cannot  think  what  prevented 
from  proceeding  to  greater  len^nhs,  however  it  Co  hap- 
pened that  we  got  the  wholt  uito  the  boats,  and  fafcly 
on  boatd* 

There  was  another  accideht  alfo  tVat  happened  ab«^ut 
this  tim€  on  board  the  Difcovrry  that  was  condu6\*d 
with  equal  impiudr^nce  hy  Capt.  ClerVe  :  An  Inda-in 
ehi«f'who  hrid  from  our  fiM>  arrival  been  an  intimate 
Stud  ft  very  ufcful  friend  of  his,   hnding  the  ihips  were 

*>  Ficparin^ 


^ » 


t         I3»         1 


^>r 


P      '      ;        .V'.   '     Jl'  >  i!        J 


j^'iMI 


prep^irinfi;  to  f^il  had  come  on  board  attended  by  tw 
or  three  cinoes  to  nuke  him  a  vifit.  Gierke  knew  the 
value  of  the  man,  and  had  r*iceived  the  Ilrongcft  proof« 
not  only  of  his  honefty  but  of  his  hanor  and  uncom- 
mon attachment  to  his  pcrfoi,  and  the  refpeO  due  to 
him  and  his  people,  (ot  this  fame  chief  had  with  hia 
owa  han'is  killed  one  of  his  men  in  prefence  of  the 
ihip  for  fti iking  one  ofClerkc's  boys:  And  he  was  c- 
qualJy  rigid  in  his  demands  upon  Gierke  when  any  lefs 
abufe  happened  to  be  given  by  thofe  of  the  chiefs* 
Gierke  as  ufual  invited  the  chief  below  to  dinner,  and 
as  the  fliip's  company  vvere  alfo  below  at  their  dinners, 
and  no  canoes  alyn>5  fide  but  this  chief's,  which  they 
never  gave  themfelvcs  any  conr:ern  abnut,  the  deck  was 
without  a  watch  ,-  during  this  recefs  from  duty  the  car- 
penter's mate  who  h^d  been  the  foiepart  of  the  day 
at  work  unJe:  the  bows  came  upon  deck,  and  being 
anxious  to  finilh  his  work  before  dark  took  the  jolly 
boat  forward,   and  went  to  work  before  the  hands  were 

called. 

« 

When  the  people  were  turned  up  the  jolly  boat  was 
miflTmg;,  and  nobod/  thinking  where  llie  might  be,  ncg- 
ledrd  to  look  further  after  hsr  than  along  fide,  and 
finding  ilie  was  not  there,  the  fubordin^te  officers  were 
mide  acquainted  with  it,  and  foon  after  Gierke  who 
came  upon  deck,  and  finding  the  bo^t  gone  gare  im- 
mediate orders  to  have  the  canoes  alona;  fide  feized, 
and  the  n^^tives  in  them  brought  on  board,  and  was 
going  to  punilb  them.  The  chief  in  t'ij  mean  time 
knew  nothing  of  the  matter,  but  hearing  a  noife  upon 
deck,  and  the  voices  of  his  own  men,  came  up  and 
enquired  mto  the  matter.  Glerl<:e  in  a  bafe  fupercili- 
ous  mrmner  anfwered  him  thst  his  people  had  ftolen 
hifl  boat,  and  thit  he  would  punilb  them  for  it.  Th« 
chief  was  now  highly  incenfed,  ordered  hia  people  to 
,  •   :  -    .       come 


t 


139 


I 


come  to  him,  and  fimplyr  afked  them  if  they  knew  any 
thing  of  oui  boat,  thouj,^h  the  manner  in  whirh  he  niked 
was  very  ftriking.  The  people  faid  they  did  not.  This 
perfectly  (ntifheA  the  chief,  and  turning  to  Gierke  he 
pointed  to  his  own  breaft,  and  defired  Gierke  to  kill  him 
if  he  would  think  him  fo  bafr  after  all  the  teftinTiOnieg 
of  honor  and  fiienflibip  he  had  mnde  him.  Thh^  how- 
ever, waa  anfwered  only  by  a  iUut  acrofs  the  deck, 
and  a  couplet  of  genteel  curfes  and  imprecation^!,  and 
while  the  noble  chief  was  ftanding  confounded  2nd  dif- 
mayed  at  his  (ItuatiDn,  behold  the  jolly  boat  was  found 
fafe  under  the  bows.  We  Ihall  foon  fee  the  confequence 
of  fuch  conduO. 

On  the  evening  of  the  5th  we  ftruck  ouf  tents,  and 
ty^ry  thing  was  taken  on  board,  and  it  was  very  ma- 
nifeftly  much  to  the  fatisfaflion  of  the  natives.  A  lit- 
tle after  dark  an  old  houfe  that  flood  on  a  corner  of  the 
Morai  took  fire  and  burnt  down;  this  we  "uppofed  was 
•ccafioncvi  by  our  peoples  carelclly  leaving  their  fire  near 
itj  butitwainot  the  cafe,  the  natives  burnt  ifthemfelvea 
to  fhew  us  the  refentment  they  entertained  towards  us,  on 
account  ©four  ufing  it  without  their  confent,  and  indeed 
manifeftly  againl^  it.  We  had  made  a  fail  loft  of  one 
part  of  it,  and  an  hofpital  for  our  lick  of  the  other,  though 
it  evidently  was  efteemed  by  the  natives  as  holy  as  the 
reft  of  the  Morai,  and  ought  to  have  been  confidered  fo. 
by  us. 

We  had^now  been  19  days  in  the  bay  Kireekakooa,  in 
the  liland  of  Owyhee,  we  had  repaired  oui  Ihipi.  had  le- 
galtd  and  refrrflied  our  people,  and  had  lain  in  a  fupply  of 
jiork  that  would  probably  fupport  us  6  months ;  the  onl^y 
article  we  wanted  in  paticular  was  water,  which  was  here 
very  brackifl)  and  bad,  In  order  theiefor«  to  procure  a 
fupply  of  this  neceffary  article,  wc  determined  to  vifit  the 
lj(i4nd  •£  Mauwte,  where  we  were  informed  by  the  natives 

we 


.-    'Vt' 


.  .  r,.   V ,! 


'i  ',   I. 


i.„'M' 


% 


I 


rt'tii'  •     'I 


P         UO         J 

we  might  get  plenty  of  it,  and  that  there  wa«  a  good 
harbour. 

On  the  ^th  of  February  we  unrooorcd  and  came  to  fail 
fkanding  along  the  fouth  fide  of  Owyhee,  intending  to  vifit 
Mauwee  and  wa  ter  our  ihips. 

Ojiijthe  7  th  we  had  a  hvd  gale  of  wind,  and  being  clofe 
in  yvith  t\\e  fouthern  and  wefterp  Ihore  of  Owyhee,  which 
beipg  hiRhlan<il  occafioned  the  wind  that  came  partly  oil 
t|he  land  to  come  in  irregular  and  mofl  lenible  guits, 
fiich  a«  we  had  never  feen. 

On  the  8th  the  gile  became  not  only  more  violent  but 
more  irregular  and  embarrafling,  and  before  night  wai 
improved  into  a  mtre  hurricane ;  we  wienched  the  fee^d  of 
nur  foremafl,  »nd  iprung  it  about  9  feet  below  th/e  hound«, 
and  alfo  made  m great  deal  of  water.  During  this  fever e 
r)igj\t  the  Difcovery  ha<J  loft  us. 

On  the  9th  the  violence  of  the  gale  orrather  the  tornar 
doceafed,  but  the  exccffi  e  mut?»biliiy  of  the  wind,  and 
the  irregular  fea ,  was  fuch  as  demanded  our  beft  ^'r\\  and 
V\:remitted  attention  to  Keep  the  Ihip  under  an  nd  oi 
Command. 

On  the  roth  the  weather  bec:ime  tolerably  fettled,  and 
hauling  oflfthe  land  we  law  the  Difcovery  in  the  S.  E. 
qiaiter,  nnd  before  night  fpoke  her  all  well.  We  inform- 
ed her  of  our  fitu^tion,  and  that  in  copfequence  of  the  mif- 
forfune,  it  wa?  deteinriined  to  fciuin  ^jigain  to  our  old  hgi- 
boui  atKiieekakooa. 

On  the  nth  of  Frbrunrj'- we  again  entered  Kiieckakopa 
bay,  and  moo  ed  both  lliipsin  their  old  births.  •  —   - 

On  the  T 11  th  we  got  the  foremaft  out  and  fent  it  on  Ihor^ 

with  the  carpf'nteis,  we  aifo  fent  our    two   obfeiviKKKjj^ 

0.1  Ihoie.  and  a  maikee  for  a  guard  of  oaaiinejt. 

Out 


'  Our  return  to  tills  bay  was  z$  difagreeable  tousag  it 
waito  the  inhabitants, Tor  we  we-e  reciprocally  tired  of 
each  other.  They  hdd  be  .n  opp;f  ITed  and  we^e  weary  ©£ 
our  proftituted  alliance,  ?nd  w^  were  agrieved  by  thecon- 
fiderati  .n  of  wantm.^  the  provifi  nsand  refrellimentsof  the 
cpuntiy,  which  we  had  every  reafon  to  fuppofe  from  their 
behavior  antecedent  to  our  departure  would  now  bewHh* 
held  from  us  or  h^oughtin  iuch  fmall  quantities  as  to  be 
woife  than  no  e.  What  we  anticipated  was  true.  When 
we  entered  the  bay  wheie  before  we  had  the  Ih^uts  of 
thoufands  to  we  come  our  arr  iva  1 ,  we  had  the  nnortiiicatbn 
not  tofeeaiin^le  canoe,  and  ha  idly  any  inhabitant*  in  fhe 
towns.  Cook  was  chagrined  and  his  people  were  four- 
«d.  Towards  ni^ht  however  the  canoes  came  in,  but 
the  provifi  ens  both  in  quantity  and  quality  plainly  inform- 
ed us  that  times  were  altered,  and  what  wr^s  very  remark- 
able was  the  exorbitant  piice  they  aftedj  and  the  parti* 
cuUr  fancy  they  all  at  once  tooV  to  iron  daggers  or  dirkt, 
which  was  the  only  article  that  was  any  ways  current, 
with  the  chiefs  at  Icaft.  It  was  alfo  equally  evident  from 
the  luoV«  of  the  natives  as  well  as  every  other  appearance 
that  our  foimer  fiiendlhip  was  at  an  end,  and  that  we  had 
nothin(<  to  do  but  tohaftenour  departure  to  fome  differ- 
ent flmd  where  our  vices  were  not  known,  and  where  our 
extrinfic  virtues  might  g^in  us  another  fliurt  fpace  of  be- 
ing wondered  at,  and  doing  as  we  pleafedjoraa  our  tara 
expreffed  it  of  being  hippy  by  the  ijionth.  " 

Nor  was  their  pa flive  appearance  of  diiguft  all  we  had 
to  fear,  nor  did  it  continue  Ibng  :  before  daik  a  canoe 
with  a  number  of  anned  chiefs  came  along  fide  of  us  with- 
out provifions  and  indeed  without  any  petceptabledefign, 
after  itayiii j;  a  ihoft  time  only  they  went  to  the  Difcovery 
where  they  went  on  board  a  part  of  them.  Here  they  affe£>- 
«d  great  fri'-ndlhip,  and  un "or innately  overaf^ing  the  dif- 
femblance  Gierke  was  jealous  Reordered  two  centinels  on 
th«  gangways.  TheCc  men  were  purpofcly  fcnt  by  ihe  chief 
:;>  .d»'        -  '  who 


ii.i 


^i.,i' 


n 


l.i,  1 

km 
y 1 1 1, .', 


t';  il 


^  142  ] 

T;ho  had  foToierly  b'^en  fo  very  intimate  with  Gierke,  and 
afterwards  fo  ill  treated  by  him  with  the  charge  of  fte^ling 
hi«  jolly  boat.  They  came  with  a  determination  of  mif- 
chief,  andcfFe£ted  it.  After  they  were  returned  to  the  ca- 
Hoe  all  but  one  they  pjot  their  paddles  and  every  thing 
ready  for  a  ftart.  Thofe  in  the  canoes  obfetving  the  fen  try 
to  be  watchful  took  ofT  his  attention  by  fome  converfa- 
tion  that  they  knew  would  be  pleafing  to  him,  and  by 
this  means  favored  the  deligns  of  the  man  on  board,  who 
watching  his  opportunity  fnatched  two  pair  of  tongs,  and 
other  iron  tjols  that  then  layclofeby  the  armourers  at 
work  at  the  forge,  and  mounting  the  gangway-raif^  with 
one  leap  threw  himfelf  and  his  goods  into  the  canoe,  that 
was  then  upon  the  movamenr,  and  taking  up  his  padfll« 
*3oined  the  others  and  ftanding  dire£\ly  ior  the  (hore,  they 
were  out  of  our  reach  almott  inftantaneoufly  ;  even  be<"oie 
a  mu/ket  could  be  had  from  the  armed  c,  eft  to  fire  at  them. 
The  fentries  had  only  hangers.  Thit;  was  the  boldcft  ex- 
ploit t>iat  had  yet  been  attempted,  and  had  a  bad  afpei^ 
with  it.  Chrke  iir mediate ly  fent  to  the  commodor*  v.ho 
advifed  to  fend  a  boat  on  ihorc  to  endeavor  at  leaft  to  re- 
gain the  goods  if  they  could  not  the  men  who  took  them, 
hut  the  errand  was  illy  executed  as  cor.trived,  and  the 
mafter  of  the  Difcovcry  war  glad  to  return  with  a  fevere 
drubing  from  the  very  chief  who  had  been  fo  male  treated 
•byCleike*  thecrewwere  alfo pelted  with  ft«»ne« and  had 
all  their  oars  bioke,  and  they  had  not  a  finglc  we^ipon  in 
the  boat  not  even  ^  fingle  cutlafs  to  defend  themfelves. 
When  Cook  heard  of  thii  he  went  armed  himfelf  in  pcr- 
fon  tv>  the  ^uardon  llure,  took  a  file  of  marines  and  went 
through  the  whole  town  demanding  reftitution,  ^nd 
threatening  the  de'inquents  and  iheit  abettoriwi  tJi  the 
fevercft  puniOiments,  b'«t  not  being  able  to  tffc£\  any 
thing,  came  off  jult  at  fun-fet  highly  difplcafed  and  not 
a  little  concerned  at  the  bad  appc at ancc  of  things.  B\it 
even  this  was  nothing  to  what  followed,         >    • 

'^  '  .  -'^c      on 


i  ♦  f 


,*' 


t 


M3 


and 

ing 

niif- 

ca- 

ing 

ntrr 

;rfa- 

dbr 

>^ho 

and 
rs  at 
with 

that 

thcf 

them* 
ft  ex- 
afpci^ 
vsho 
o  re- 
hem, 
the 
cvere 
eatfd 
had 
m  ii\ 

pcr- 
wcnt 
jnd 
the 
any 
not 
Biit 

Oil 


On  the  13th  at  night  the  Difcovcry's  hrgc  cutter 
which  wasxtheiufual  moorings  at  the  bower  buoy  was 
taken  away. 

On  the  14th  the  captains  met  to  confult  what  (hould 
be  done  on  this  alarming  ocC2iion,  and  the  iifue  of  their 
opinions  v/is  that  one  of  the  two  captains  fttould  land 
with  armed  boats  and  a  guardof  marines  at  Kiver  a.  and 
attempt  to  perfuade  Kiieeaboo  who  was  then  at  his  houfe 
in  that  town  to  come  on  board  upon  a  viiit,  and  thai  when 
he  was  en  board  he  (hould  be  kept  prifoner  until  hisfub- 
jf£\slh(iuld  releafc  him  by  a  rrftiiutionof  the  cutter,  and 
if  it  was  afterwards  thous^ht  proper,  he  or  f^me  of  the  fa- 
mily who  might  accnrapany  him  Ihould  be  k  pt  as  perpe- 
tual hortages  for  the  good  behavior  oi  the  people,  during 
the  remaining  part  of  our  continuance  at  Kireekakooa,  and 
this  plan  was  the  more  approved  of  by  Cook  as  he  hadfb 
/cpcatc  Jly  on  former  occafioni  to  the  fouthward  employed 
it  with  fuccefs 

Clerks  was  then  in  a  deep  decline  in  his  health,  and 
ioofceb'e  to  undertake  th  aff^^ir  though  it  naturally  dr- 
yolved  upon  him  as  a  point  of  duty  not  well  transferable 
he  therefore  beajed  Cook  to  oblige  him  fo  much  as  to  take 
that  part  r/  the  bufinefs  of  the  driy  upon  himfelf  in  hit 
ftcad.  This  Cook  agreed  to,  but  previous  to  his  landing 
made  fome  additional  arrangements  refprOing  the  poffible 
event  of  things,  though  it  is  certain  from  the  appearance 
of  the  fubfequent  arrangements  that  he  guarded  more  a^ 
gainft  theHight  of  Kiieeabooor  thofe  he  cou!d  wifli  to  fet 
than  from  an  attack ,  or  even  much  infult.  The  difpofl^ 
on  of  our  guards  when  the  movements  be 'an  weie  thitii 
Cookinhmpennace  with  fix  pivatemirines:  a  corportl 
ferjeant  and  two  lieufcmntso^'  maiin^s  went  n  head,  fol- 
lowed by  the  launch  with  other  marines  nnd  feamen  on 
one  quarter,  and  the  fiiiall  cutter  on  the  other  with  only 
th«  u«w  on  boaid.     This  part  of  the  guaid  rowed  f« 

Kireek.<koa 


V"' 


rr 


mm 


-^    I 


m 


'14  ill 

fMli 

'  if 

Bkfir 

1'  E 

n 

>J>. 


mmm 


i 


"44 


1 


■  »  •  .  _ 

Kiieelta:l^oai;  Our  lar^e  cutter  and  tWo  boats  froni  the 
Difrovcr>'  had  orders  to  proceed  th  the  mouth  of  the!  bay 
format  equs I  dirtances  acrof3,cind  prevent  any  communi- 
cation by  water  from  any  orhs^  ptitofthe  iflindtothc 
towns  within  the  bay,  o:from  them  without.  Cook  landed 
It  Kiverua  about  nin*!  o'clock  in  the  Ti>fnii<  with  th« 
marines  iMhe  penn  ice,  ani  w-nt  by  a  circuitnufmarr'h  to 
thehoufttof  Kifeeab-)o  in  Kderto  evade  the  fufpici  >n  of 
any  dcfi^n.  This  rout  led  th-^m  through  a  confid<Tpble 
part  of  the  town  which  difc  >ve  ed  every  fymptom  of  mif- 
chief,  though  Cook  blinJ-cl  b'  fome  fa^al  c^ufec^uld 
not  perceive  it,  or  tou  felf-conhdeni  wruld  not  regard  it. 

The  town  wks  evacuued  by  the  wom*n  and  children, 
who  had  retired  to  the  circum^djicen'  hills-,  and  ap- 
peared aim  »ft  deftimre  o  men,  but  there  were  at  th^t 
time  200  chiefs  and  m»'e  thin  twice  that  number  of 
other  men  detached  and  fen  e ted  in  diiT'r<*nt  parts  of 
the  houfcs  n^areil  lo  ICireeibv)  exclufiv^e  of  unknown 
numbers  without  the  fkirts  of  th:;  town,  <»nd  thofc:  that 
w«re  fcen  were  drelfed  m^ny  of  them  in  black.  When 
the  guird  reached  Ki-^eeaboo's  houfe,  Cook  oideicd  the 
Iteutentnt  of  marines  to  y;o  in  and  fee  if  he  was  at 
hom^,  and  if  he  was  to  brin^  him  out;  the  lieutenant 
went  in  and  found  the  old  mJn  firing  with  twoor  three 
orld  women  of  dirtinOion,  and  when  he  gave  Kir?ea- 
boo  to  underftand  that  Cook  was  without  and  wanted 
to  fee  him  he  difcovered  the  ^'jeuelt  marks  of  unciali- 
nefs,  but  arofe  and  accompiniftd  the  lieutenant  out,  h  tid- 
ing his  hand;  when  he  came  before  Cook  he  fqu^ted 
down  upon  his  ham^  as  a  mark  of  humiliation,  and  Cook 
took  him  by  the  hand  from  the  lieutenant,  and  cop* 
irerfcd  with  him.  *  ''\'     ^ 

The  appearance  of  our  pitade  both  h\^  water  nnd  on 
(Wore,  though  condu£^ed  with  'h*  utmoft  fi'ence  and 
with  a  a  little  oftentation  as  pclTible^  had    alarmtd  th4 

♦  towni 


t        MJ        1 


♦•■ 


the 
t)ay, 

uni- 
I  the 
ided 

\  tha 
rhto 
>n  of 
rJ^ble 
mif- 
c  'uld 
rdit. 

Idrcn, 
d   ap- 
r  xhit 
b«»r  of 
irts  of 
knowrt 
V;  that 
When 
cd  the 
Aras  at 
itrnant 
:  three 
Cir?ea- 
A/:inted 
untfali- 
,  h  .ld- 
qu^led 
d  Cook 
d  con* 


j»nd  on 

ICC  and 

utd  th* 

towat 


lowns  on  both  fides  oE  the  bay,  bat  particularly  Kive- 
rui,  who  were  in  complete  order  for  an  onfet  nthe.wifc 
it  wou  d  hare  been  a  matter  of  furprize,  that  though 
CooV  dM  n  )t  fee  ao  men  in  pnlFing  thlOU^h  the  town, 
ye'  b«»fore  he  h  «d  converfed  lo  minutes  with  Kiiee- 
ab  )o  h*  w^H  furrounded  by  three  or  tou'  hundred  peo- 
ple. >'ni  above  half  of  thrm  chiffs.  Cook  grew  unca- 
iy  whrn  he  obferved  this,  and  was  the  more  urgent  in 
his  refu^fions  with  Kireeaboo  to  go  on  board,  and 
i^^uaify  pn funded  the  old  m^n  to  t^o  at  length,  and 
led  him  within  a  rod  or  two  of  the  flDie,  but  the  juft 
fca  8  and  ccnjed^ues  of  the  chiefs  at  la  ft  inte-pofed. 
They  held  the  old  man  b^ck,  and  one  of  the  chiefs 
threatened  Cook  when  he  attempted  to  maVe  them  quit 
Kifceab  ,0.  Some  of  the  croud  no  v  cried  our  that  Cook 
was  goinj:  to  take  their  Una;  from  them  and  Vill  him, 
and  theje  was  one  in  particulnr  thtt  advanced  toward.^ 
Cook  n  3n  attitude  that  ala-med  cne  of  the  j^uard,  who 
p'efentedvhis  bayonet  and  oppoi**d  him:  Acquainting 
Cook  in  the  mean  time  of  the  danger  of  his  fttuttion, 
and  that  the  indians  m  a  few  minutes  would  attack  him, 
that  he  h^d  overheard  the  m:?n  whom  he  hid  juft  ftopptd 
frrm  rufhin  '.  in  upon  him  fay  thit  our  bnat«  v^hich  were 
out  in  the  harb -ur  had  jult  Hll^d  his  b'otlier,  and  he 
would  be  revensjf^d.  Conk  aire d'ld  to  what  th».<  man 
faid,  and  defired  him  to  "-w  him  the  Indanthat  had 
da  cd  to  attempt  a  comb  ti  jv'wU  him.  and  as  foon  n  he 
WIS  pointed  out  Cook  fired  at  hi  i  with  a  b'ank.  The 
lnd"an  perceiving  he  received  no  d  mage  fr  )m  the  fire 
ruihed  from  without  the  croud  a  ferond  time.  .  nd  th-eat- 
ened  any  one  that  Ihould  oppofe  I  im.  C<h>'<  peiceivin^ 
this  fired  a  ball,  whir  h  enicrini?  the  Indiin**  ^rein  he 
fell  and  was  drawn  nfl  by  thrt  rrft.  C  oV  perceivini^ 
the  |)Cop!e  detcimined  to  op|X)re  hi'  dpfiCPM,  ^nd  that 
he  fh:)uld  not  fucceod  without  furthei  bU  ard  order- 
ed the  lieutenant  of  uwiint-s  (Mr,  Fhillips)  to  withdr.iw 

-  his 


his  men  ."^nd  get  them  invo  the  biats,  which  were  then 
laying  r*^d/  to  receive  them.  This  wis  (tfe£\ed  by  the 
ferjeint,  but  the  inftant  they  began  to  retreat  G)ok  wai 
hit  with  a  rtone,  and  peiceivine;  the  mm  who  hove, 
fhot  him  de^id  :  The  otficer  m  the  boats  percciv- 
ine;  the  guaid  retreating,  and  hearing  this  third  dif- 
charv<e  orde^red  the  boats  to  tire,  this  occafioned  the 
guard  to  face  about  and  tire,  and  then  the  attack  be- 
f'ame  ge-ieial,  Cook  and  Mr.  Phillips  were  together  a 
feA^  pacis  in  the  rear  of  the  guard,  and  perceiving  a 
general  Hre  without  oideis  quitted  Kirecuboo,  and  raa 
to  the  fliore  to  put  a  ftop  to  it,  but  not  being  able  to 
make  themfr^lves  heird,  and  being  clofe  preifed  upon 
by  the  chiefs  they  joined  the  guard  and  fired  as  they 
retreated.  Cook  having  at  length  reached  the  margin 
p»f  the  water  between  the  fife  of  the  boats  wa\  cd  wit '4 
his  hat  to  ceafe  tiring  and  ccoe  in,  and  while  he  waj 
dolnj;  this  a  chief  from  b-.hind  ftabcd  him  with  one 
of  our  i:()n  diggers  juit  under  the  Ih  lulder-bl.ide,  and 
pitfed  quite  through  his  body.  Cook  fell  with  his  face 
in  the  water  and  immediately  expired.  Mr.  Phillips 
not  being  able  any  longer  to  ufe  his  fufee  dr«w  his  fword 
and  entjaKcin^  the  chief  who  he  faw  kill  Cook  foon  dif- 
patched  him  hi^guudinthe  meantime  were  all  killed 
but  two,  and  thev  hid  plunv<ed  into  the  water  and  wer« 
fA'imminj;  to  the  boats,  he  rtou.  !»us  foi  fomc  time  the  butt 
of  all  their  f'uce,  and  being  as  complete  in  the  ufe  of  his 
fvord  as  he  was  accomplilh^d  :  his  noble  atchievments 
Hruck  the  birbirians  with  awe,  but  being  wounded  and 
Krowintf;  f*nnt  fnm  lofs  f>f  blnf;d  ,  and  excelTue  aOion.  he 
plunged  into  tht*  lea  with  hii  fword  in  his  hand  and  Cwam 
to  the  boats,  where  howver  he  was  fcarcely  taken  on 
bonrd  before  fomeb  vjy  f.i  w  one  of  the  matlnes  that  ha4 
fwam  from  th"  Di  .'C  laying  Hat  upon  the  bottom.  FIuJlip5f 
h-aring  this  run  aft,  th:«w  himfelt*  in  after  him  and 
brou.'hf  him  up  with  him  t»  the  furface  oi  the  water  an4 

koth  were  taken  in.  ' 

*.-,♦•      .  The 


V    # 


-.        I       HI       ]  ■    ■   . 

The  bont«  h<id  hitherto  kept  up  a  ver/  !  t  fire,  and  lay^ 
ing  off  wiihout  the  reach  of  T^wy  weapons  ut  rtones  had 
received  no  damage,  and  bein^  fuily  at  leifure  to  ketp  up 
an  unremitted  and  uniio.m  action  m>ide  gieat  havoc  among 
thelndims,  paticularly  amon^  the  chiei's  who  ftood  iore- 
moft  in  the  crowd  and  weie  moft  expoled,  but  whe;her 
from  their  bravery  ot  ignorance  of  the  le^l  caufe  that 
depiived  fo  many  of  them  of  life,  ihey  mride  fuch  a  ftnnd, 
may  be  qui^ftioned  fince  it  is  ceitain  that  they  in  general 
if  not univc- Tally  undeiHoo<l  heietofore  that  it  was  the 
fire  only  of  our  armsthat  dtftioycd  themj  this  feems  to 
be  Ihengthened  by  the  circumftance  of  the  laige  thick 
mats  they  were  off'.rved  to  wear,  which  were  alfo  c(;n- 
ft?ntly  kept  wet,  and  fuithMiTioiP  the  Indj?n  that  Cook 
fired  at  with  a  blank  difcovered  no  fear  when  he  found 
his  mat  unb.irnt,  fayin><  in  their  language  when  he  iVwcd 
it  to  the  by-ftanders.  thnt  there  was  no  fiie  h,  d  touched  it. 
This  may  be  fuppofed  at  leaft  to  have  h.id  frn.e  intluence. 
It  is  however  ce-tain  whether  from  one  or  both  thofe 
cau<''^8  that  the  ntmberw  who  fell  ir^de  no  appaient  im- 
prelTionon  thofe  who  (urvi\ed,  they  were  iniiiiediately 
taken  off  and  hnd  their  places  fu}^plied  in  a  conttant  de- 
tei mined  fucceiFion. 

Lieutenant  Gore  who  corrmanded  as  fir  ft  lieutenant  un- 
dsrCool-:  m  the  Kffolution,  which  layoppfiie  the  place 
where  this  attack  Wi  sm-.de,  perceiving  with  hisglnfs  that 
the  guard  on  fhore  was  cut  off,  ;tnd  th.itCool  had  »'ell,  im- 
mediately paiTeda  fpring  up.n  one  of  the  cables,  nnd 
biiniing  the  ihii's  liar  board  guns  to  bear,  rind  tired  two 
round  lh)t  ov^r  the  b^  ts  int.)  the  middle  of  the  crou^  and 
both  the  thunder  of  the  oinnon  and  the  elfedsof  thr  Ih^t 
opi)crated  fo  powe-tfullv,  that  it  produced  a  mr»ft  preofpi- 
tate  rctif.it  fiom  the  Ihore  to  the  town.  This  was  don« 
that  the  boats  might  land  and  ferure  (,ur  dead.  Bqf  th« 
li<Mt«n4nt    who  cuaunandcd  the  boats  did  not  rhof#;|<»- 

.  f  .  .1    ■  •     V 


.•    r 


'.It 


w^ 


K 


I       M«       3 


itn 


«t..]»rove  the  hint,  thou  h  the  people  in  the  boats  were  ea- 
ger atleaft  logct  the  bodies  of  thci.  ccmades  and  ihcir 
loft  commander,  if  they  did  no  moie,  Mr.  Phillip'*  w.-s 
fo  enraged  at  thi«  palp »ble  inltance  of  apparent  puliUni- 
m'uy,  that  the  altercation  he  h.i^  with  this  other  lieu- 
tenant would  have  ended  in  the  inuiiediate  death  of  one  of 
them  had  not  a  fii^nalfr  a  the  fliip  that  intt.ini  hove  out 
put  an  end  to  it  by  oiders  to  returrr. 

When  the  boats  from  the  Ihore  reached  the  ih'p?  the 
boats  in  the  mojth  of  the  bay  alfo  returned.  1  he  cur- 
du£\  of  the  lieutenant,  who  commnnded  the  boats  ^t  the 
town,  w^s  an  obje£\  that  required  an  early  attention, 
bu'  from  the  liiuuion  of  other  mattes  of  more  in.mf- 
diaift  iuiportance  it  was  defe  ed.  Our  m^ft  that  wgg 
r-tpairini;  at  Ki  eekakoa,  and  our  iftronrmical  tents 
w«f^c  only  protev^^d  by  a  co  poial  ar-.d  i\x  mi  ines  ex- 
clulive  of  the  ca'^pente;s  at  work  up«>n  it,  and  demand- 
ed iminedi'te  potfdicn:  As  f  on,  ihe  e;Oie,  as  thf  peo- 
ple we»e  .efielhi^d  ^^*\h  iome  ,i;rog  and  reinfricefi  tley 
were  ordeied  thither.  In  the  mem  time  the  ma  ii,e 
who  had  been  taken  up  by  Mr.  Phillips  difcove  fdi*i» 
turning  life  rnd  f^emeJ  in  a  way  to  recover,  an<^  /  e 
found  Mr.  Phillips's  wound  not  dingeious,  ♦ho-io;'  c- 
Ty  htd.      We  alfo   oblerved  at  Kiverua   that    u  d 

were  drawn  of  by  the  Indians,  whifh  was  h  p  '•')'.Mij 
fight,  but  after  the  boats  wero  gone  ihey  t'i  v  r.  j  iti 
of  our  c'<;pnon,  which  were  firi):g  at  then.  it;^«  .-♦.•  ua* 
nutes,  but  tKey  had  no  fooner  elFeOed  thii  i»  i  e  hin 
they  retired  to  the  hills  to  avoid  rur  flnt.  1  lie  ex- 
pedition to  Kiverua  hnd  taken  up  i!b'>ui  an  h  ui  :  nd 
an  half,  and  we  lott  bcfides  Cook  a  coipoiai  and  tinee 
marines.'    ' '  -*■ 

Notwithft^ndinflj  the  difp^trh  that  wa«  uffd  in  tfii^^ 
ing  a  foiccto  Kireekakoa,  the  fmall  party  there  were  nl- 
re^dy  attacked  before  thtir  arrival,    but  by  an  excel I'^nt 

mancBvr* 


e  ea- 
\hcir 

Ian'- 

lieu- 
ine  of 
,e  out 

)9  the 
e  Cur- 
^i  the 
ntion, 
in.mf- 

tents 
<es  ex- 
niand- 
■;f  peo- 
icl  tley 

d  T*i- 

•      e- 

4 

;r.c 

..  i- 

'h.ifi 

ic  ex- 

ui    •■  n<i 

tiuee 


ffnd«» 
lare  hU 


m?tTiPUVfe  of  taVin?j  pofleiTi  ^  of  tlie  Morai  they  defend* 
ed  theiii  elves  wilout  y,ny  mntrrial  damage  until  the 
fucc  u8  CiUiC.  The  natives  did  not  attempt  to  molcft 
the  b^ats  m  their  debar  K  at  ion  of  our  people,  which  ws 
nmch  Wuride.eH  .it,  i)d  they  fo^n  joined  the  others  up^ 
on  ihf.  Mor-11  «mountinp:  in  the  whole  to  about  ^o, 
M  .  Phillips  nGtwiihH;,ndiP^'  his  wound,  was  prefent, 
and  in  conjun£\ion  wi  h  lieu  ennnt  King  carried  the 
chief  ammand.  The  p.nn  was  to  ni\  enly  defenfiv- 
ly  unti  we  CfiU.d  ^et  cij.  maft  into  the  water  to  tow 
off.  rd  ou"  tenr«  into  the  bn^ts;  and  as  foon  as  that 
was  efff£\ed  to  velum  on  boi  d:  This  we  did  in  about 
an  hours  time,  but  noi  without  killing  a  number  of 
the  n'ti\e.s,  who  itfolutely  attacVed  us  and  endeavor- 
e  to  m-mnt^  tue  wails  of  the  Morai,  where  they  were 
lowel\,  but  bcihK  ojpoled  ujili  out  Jkill  in  fuch  modes 
of  attack  and  the  greit  fupeiion'ty  of  our  arms  they 
were  even  repulfed  with  lofs,  /*nd  at  length  retieated 
amonx  the  hnufes  rdj^icent  to  iheMoni,  which  aftbrd- 
,ing  a  go.  d  opportunity  t'>  r^freat  to  our  boati  we  em- 
braced ii  )nd  got  off  all  well.  Ou-  mafl  was  taken  on  v 
the  booms  and  rep'ired   there   though  to  difadvantagc.    ' 

About  twooVlnck  C.tpt.  Gierke  came  on  board  to  take 
Couimnd  of  the  Refolution,  and  the  fame  d.'iy  Mr.  John 
Gore  who hnd  been  Ccok's  fiift  lieutenrnt,  and  next  in  - 
command  at  Cook *»  death,  went  on  board  toutake  command 
•f  the  Difcoveiy.  About  four  o'clock  Clf^iVe  fent  three 
•V"»at  we'j  m?ni  ed  and  armed  to  Kiverua  with  orders  to 
demand  the  bodies  of  our  dead,  and  if  lefufed  to  return 
without  doing  any  thing  to  obtain  thfro  by  force.  Mr, 
King  whowHsiif  w  £. U  lieutenant  in  the  Refalwtion  took 
the  command  in  the  Pcnnace  currying  a  white  j^ck  iu  iKt 
ftern  i  the  boa  Is  io  Oied  in  a  line  within  ttones  throw  of  th« 
Ihore  where  they  remained  about  a  quauer  ol  an  hour  ron* 
reirio^  with  the  inhittitanti,  who  upon  Teeing  u«  approach 


%>: 


>'' 


"nnp 


kti^'h 


had  af^mbled^j^iin,  ^s  numerous  sind  as  well  appointed 
as  ever;  nothing  nn^teri«l'h-ippen«»d  during  this  puHry  : 
we  dennnded  ihe  bodies,  and  they  rcfufed  them,  or  what 
was  I  b  d,  they  ridiculed  us,  ind  when  we  moved  to  re- 
turn hove  ft'  nf«atu8,  (hewed  us  Cook's  hanyjei  all  bloody, 
his  hnt  and  the  deaths  of  the  other  dead. 

.  The  people  in  the  boats  who  fuppofed  they  wereeo- 
ing  to  attack  them  aajain  were  much  difappointe.d.  and 
at  theii  return  vsnted  their  compljinis,  wnd  lomewhat 
more  than  'iked  tc  be  revenged  upon  their  favage  infult- 
ing  foes;  but  they  would  hav^e  taken  perhaps  ^in  undue 
advantage  had  they  *Jttacked  them  frcni  the  boats,  e  en 
fuppol.nfi:  them  toha\e  had  the  fMirert  claim  to  juftice, 
in  a  profecution  of  the  broil,  for  they  we  e  eniiiejy  fecurti 
even  fri  m  bein?  W()und<»d  in  the  conteft,  ;ind  in  f:»£t  it 
would  ha\e  looked  roc  much  liVe  fporting  with  the  lives  of 
men,  and  turning  w-ir  whiCh  is  or  ought  lobe  one  of  the 
ni'  ft  fcrious  circumftinces  in  life  into  a  cruel  farce,  not  t« 
fay  any  thing  woife;  beftdenhere  really  at  that  time  whs 
noncceflfity  for  it,  for  the  bodies  were  gone  we  did  not 
know  where,  andh^dwe  again  ftrewed  the  (hort  with 
their  dead,  wenever  Ihould  have  obtained  the  bodys  un*- 
lefswebad  landed  and  took  them.  After  dark  the  fen- 
tiies  upon  the  gyngwriysCw  a  can^^  pproaching  thefhip 
in  a  very  iilent  and  hall/  mann^^r,  and  when  Ihe  got 
within  cM  the  offirer  of  the  deck  '  ailed  her,  but  the  In- 
dians returning  no  anfwer  the  fent  y  fired  at  her,  and  Ihot 
one  of  the  Indians  through  the  le<,  upon  which  he  bawN 
ed  out  tutee  tutee,  that  is  Cook.  Cl«rke  was  acquainted 
with  the  matter  nnd  cam«  upon  deck  and  ordered  her  a- 
lon^fidcand  the  Indians  on  boaid:  ther«  were  only  three 
of  them,  and  and  one  had  Cook's  hat  on  his  headwhirhhe 
gaveusto  undciftand  he  had  brought  at  thp  hazard  of  his, 
life:  the  manthat  was  mounded  was  t^Ven  to  the  furgeon 
and  hdd  his  wound  dicffcd.  Kut  we  were  extitmcly  af^ 
^.Jt  fcdcd 


t 


'5» 


felted  and  difgufted  when  the  other  indian  produced 
fiom  a  bundie  he  hi^d  under  his  area  a  paitof  Cook's  thigh 
wrapped  up  in  clean  clnth  which  hefaid  he  faw  himfelf 
cut  from  the  bone  in  the  m^^nRer  we  fsw  it,  amd  when  we 
•nquiieu  what  had  become  of  the  rftin'unine  part  of  him, 
he  Knaihed  his  teeth  anclfiid  it  wast-,  be  eaten  thit  night. 
As  f<"on  HS  the  wound  of  the  fndiijn  that  waslhot  was 
dreffed,  they  departed  with  a  prrmife  if  thev^  could  t# 
bring  the  remain  er  of  Cook's  bnd/the  next  night. 

The  profpeft  of  recovering  Cook's  body  though  bv 
pieces  afforded  fome  f']ti,Hia£\ion.  and  we  therefore  ful 
pended  the  further  profecutir.n  of  bufinefson  (hire  for  the 
next  day.  In  the  evening  about  the  fame  time  he  appear- 
ed before,  we  faw  the  fime  Indian  with  other  paits  of 
Cook*8  body,  to  wit,  the  upper  part  of  his  he  id  and  both 
kis  hands,  which  he  fa  id  he  had  been  at  infinite  p,iins  to 
procure,  and  that  the  other  parts  could  not  be  obtained 
tfpecialy  t  he  Heih  which  was  moftly  eat  up:  fhe  he-id 
wasfcalped  and  ali  the  brninstaVen  out:  the  hinds  were 
Ifeorcd  and  falted  :  the.fe  fras/ments  of  the  bidy  of  :he  un- 
fortunate Cook  we  e  put  into  a  b  x  anc^  "rc.e  -d  in  hopes 
of  getting  more  of  them:  the  Indians  w  ;  broui^hi  them 
were  well  fatisfied  with  prefent^,  rind  ieturnedag.nn  to 
the  ih>re  the  fame  ni^ht,  and  though  they  alTu-ed  us  they 
could  not  procure  anv  moie  of  thofe  remain*:  we  yet 
waited  another  day  but  faw  no  more  of  the  Indian. ' 

On  the  17th  the  Uifcovery  having;  the  leaft  drauglit  of 
water  was  ordered  to  remove  asne.rthe  watering/  p! -ce 
a  ilible:  moore,  nnd  with  a  fprin^biliig  hei  b:oad- 
fi«  to  bear  upon  it,  in  ')id'^r  to  p  otec^  the  wateiin/  pnr- 
tie^in  cafeof  infult.  As  foon  as  this  was  dun'=?  the  boats 
with  a  fmall  party  landed,  and  m-ide  out  togetolFone  turn 
#f  water  but  no  more  :  the  naiiv.es  had  aifembled  tooppofe 
them  behind  the  houfcs  and  th-r  ftsne  walls,  from  whence 
I  .  .■    i\    .     ..     .-•      they 


^•: 


>.;«,.- 


'.& 


i"i 


I'l. 


-»W» 


U9         1 


they  dlfchit^ed  whdle  clouds  of  <^ri^.«,  and  b*in'»  in  fom« 
places  within  to  yards  of  or  p*^ple,  wounded  fever  a  1  of 
them  very  badly  :  and  at  lent^th  they  be^an  to  come  out 
Upon  the  beach  upon  which  ai  fi<nil  wasm^de  forthe 
boats  to  return,  and  the  fliip  fired  two  c  nnon  which  killed 
three  men,  and  we  afterwards  heard  took  off  a  woman's 
arm. 

As  we  had  hitherto  to  a£^  onV  on  the  d<»fenfive  part, 
and  fiading  we  could  not  fucceed  vve  were  determined  to 
alter  our  m>de  of  atta  k :  j^o  to  fea  wirhout  w?ter  we 
could  not,  and  as  vve  made  nodoubt  that  our  endeavors  at 
any  of  the  other  flrid^  who  h.id  ht^a  d  of  our  fituation, 
would  be  attended  with  the  fame  difficulties,  we  were 
determined  to  try  the  conteft  here  where  the  broil  firft 
originated. 

On  the  i^^h  we  took  all  the  force  we  could  fpare 
from  both  ihips  and  landed  at  ei^ht  in  the  morning* 
We  were  attacked  again  in  the  fame  mann^j  thefmall 
party  had  been  ycfterday,  upon  which  we  formed  fuch 
of  our  feamen  as  were  moft  expert  at  fm^ll  a'ms  in- 
to two  divifiona  in  conjunfti'^n  with  the  marines  amount- 
ing to  about  twenry-five  each  divifion :  0(  fume  of  the 
•ther  feamen  we  compofed  two  fcoutins;  parties  armed 
withpiftols,  cutl'iffes,  hnnd  ^rvn^des  and  torches:  The 
waterers  had  arms  and  were  to  at\  aa  occafion  required. 
Our  firft  manoeuvre  w^s  to  draw  them  from  among  the 
Hdufes  on  to  the  beach  by  ftratai/em  and  expofe  them 
to  the  fire  of  the  (hip  as  well  as  ours;  but  ^ailing  in 
this  we  joined  the  two  dLvifions  and  advanced  through 
an  avenue  that  led  dire£*ly  into  this  part  of  the  town 
in  a  folid  colunii :  The  natives  feeing  this  flung  them- 
felvcs  into  it  to  oppofe  our  progiefs  and  attacVcd  us  at 
elofe  quarters  with  their  fliort  fpears,  daggers  and  ftones, 
but  they  foon  gave  way  when  the  front  of  the  column 
i^rclTed  upon   them  with  their  bav«anets  and  retired  to 

fome 


*t^ 


t 


^S3 


1 


jr" 


fotne  houfes  abnut  tfn  rods  off  where   they  again  ral- 
lied: During  this  little  attack  we  had  fe vera  1  wound- 
ed, but  none  killed;    the  Indian?  took  off  the  mott  o£ 
their  killed,  which  w*re  near  a  hundred:  In  the  mean 
while    our  fcouting   parties  improving  the  opportunity 
had  circumvented    that  part  of    the   town  neareft    the. 
watering  place  and  had  juft  fet  fire  to  it,  and  joining  us 
we  retreated  to  the  beach  pret«ndedly  in  ,e;r9at  difjrder, 
and  the  natives  fesing  their  town  in  finme.*  and   fup- 
pofing  we  were    going  off  followed    us  to   the   water 
where  we  again  attacked  them,  and   the   Ihip   improv- 
ing the   opportunity  made  fuch  ufe  of  her    cannon  that 
they  foon  again  run  and  were   purfued    many   of  them 
into  the  flimes  of  their  own  houfes,  where  if  they  were 
not  inftantly   killed  they  were    burnt  to  death.      The 
fire  had  now  fpread  univerfally,  and  the  houfes  confift- 
ing  of  light  dry  materials,  burnt  with  fuch  rapidity  that     ' 
in  half  an  houreveryonc  north-welt  of  the  Moral  was  le- 
veled, and  had  this  part  not  been  detached  from  the  fourh- 
eaft  part,  the  whole  town  of  Kiieekakoo'!    confining    of 
above  a  thoufand    houfes,    would  have    bsen  deftroyed : 
thus  ended  this  day\s  bufinefs. 

On  the  i8th  we  agiin   landed  for  water,  and  ns   that 
part  of  the  town  was  burnt  from    whence   only  we    hid 
been  anmyed  before  :  we  thought  ouifelves    fecure  ;  but 
we  were  mift  iken,  the  natives  had  now  aiTembled    upon   • 
the  top  of  a  fleep  hill  above  tiie  watering  place,  and  roll- 
ed dawn  large  rocks  upon   us:   and  fonie  of  them    came 
down    to  a    houfe  thu  flood  near  the  bottom  of  the  hill, 
where  theymennt  to  continue  until  wefhouid  en-.bark  and   s 
then  attack  us:  but  as  ihe  way  to  this  houfe  was  obfcured  • 
by  rocks  and  broken  walls,  andTivored  an  approach;    ns.  f 
many  of    our  i.icn  as  cculd  wiihout  danger  of  difcnvery 
crept  up  to  it :  cam'=' by  furor i/e  upon  thoff^  within  it  and 
after  a  finri rt    d i  fpu t ^i  k  i  1  i cu  p very  on«  of  t hrm  ;  a  nd    cut-  »*«i 
.ingofrtvvoj)f  the  hewds   of   the  natives,    lixcd  them  on  ^ 

U  • 


i  'I 


u  I 


wmmm 


i  I 


^*^"^a 


m 


r 


H  t  15  4         ] 

j)ol«ar»f]  cxpofed  tkem  to  the  viewofthofe  on  the  hillj 
.   one  of  our  men  was  wounded  in  the  Ikirniilli,  and  wc  had 
two  of   our  water  ca/ks  ftove  by  the  locks,  but  rt ill  for lu- 
natCiy  no  lives  were  loft. 

On  the  I  pth  we  9.c;ain  landed,  and  a  large  body  of  the 
native?  h^d  very  unwifely  affembled  on  the  Morai  to  at- 
tack us :  which  the  Difcovery  obferving,  difchargcd  a 
b:o4dlide  of  her  cannon  into  the  midft  of  them,  which  de- 
ftroyed  many  of  them  and  difpcrfed  the  reft  :  after  this  we 
weie  unmolefted. 

On  the  2oth  we  again  bmded,  and  were  entirely  unmo- 
lefted, though  great  numbers   of  the  natives  were  ftili  on 
the  hiii.     In  the  afternoon  we  fa  w  a  number  of  white  fiags 
difplayed  on  pole.s   ftuck  up  both  on  the  hill  and  on  the 
Morai,    and  on  the  tops  of  the  houfes  inthe  S.  E.  part  of 
the  town,  and  before  vye went  cfT a    number    of   boys  and 
^irls  preceeded  by  a  pricft  came  down  the  hill  with  little 
whi^e     flags    and     gieen    branches,    and    bringing   at 
the  fame  time  fome  prefents  of  fruit  and  provifions  :  after 
thefe  arrived,  others  came  from  the  town  in  the  fame  man- 
n<»r,  and  b  ou  ht  a  number  of  hogs,  and  bread-fruit  enough 
tofupply  the  lhips.for  two  or  three  days,  which  was   now 
highljtKacCftptable  :  'neverthelefs  we  did  not   accept  of  it 
until  a  boat  was  fent  to  the  Ihips  to  know  tlie  pleafure  of 
the  commanders  :  we  foon  after  heard  a  cannon  from  the 
commodore,  and  fnw  white  colours  difplayed,  which  we 
need  not  to  have  infoimed  the  natives  was  a  declaration  of 
peace,  for  they  immediately    concluded  it  to  be  fo,   and 
fofwe  of  ih«m  ventured  on  board  with  us. 

This  however  on  the  part  of  the  n•^tivt^s  was  only  a  tran- 
fient  overture:  a  lineiTe  their  betters  Hiake  ufe  of  as  well 
as  th  emfclves.  a  nd  are  on  that  account  in  no  d*inger  of  be- 
ing deceived  by  too  much  failh  in  public  ticatics. 

^  •..■,,■>•■*  ^■ 


,f  ••, 


Ob 


.-?•' 


■k,; 


'  ■.* 


X. 


■    ,  T" 


IJS 


] 


J* 


Oil 


On  the  2  ift  having  compleated  the  water  of  both  ftiips 
and  got  the  Refolution's  maft  up  and  ligged,  we  got  every 
thing  ready  for  fea. 

On  the  2  2d  finding  we  were  not  vifited  by  the  natives, 
and  that  their  deciaratiens  of  amity  were  inlincere,  we 
umnoored  and  in  the  evening  gotunder  way,  with  a  li^ht 
breeze  ofFthe  land,  and  as  we  left  the  bay  we  funk  the  box 
tha (contained  the  fmall  remii ins  of  Cook's  body  in  that 
Ocean  where  he  had  acquired  his  he  for,  and  in  that  fpot 
where  his  exploits  terminated:  a  falutc  with  the  cannon 
was  made  as  ufiial  on  fuch  ocrafions. 

Our  water  onboard  being  brd;  after  we  had  pa (Ird  the 
Ifland  Mauwee  wtcame  to  off  the  Iflnnd  Wagadoo,  in 
hopes  of  meeting  with  better,   but  being  difappointed, 

On  the  24th  we  again  came  to  fail,  and  palling  the 
TQand  Nchun  and  two  other  fmalltr  illands, 

On  the    25th  we  anchored  in  the  fame  road-ftead    cff 
the  iflands  of  Attowai,  wher«  we  had  before  been  in   Fe- 
brutjry,  177?,  and  which  was  the  fiift  of  ihe^e  iflnnds  that  '^ 
we  difcoveredon  our  tiift  expedition   to  the    northward.  ' 
A**  ther*  was  1  line  rivulet  of  water  ber«,  wcweredetcr- 
inined  if  poifible    to  empty  all    the  waiter    we  l|ad  got  nt 
Owyhee,  and  replace  it  with  this:   but  it  was  hrf^  necef- 
farv  to  kno'.v  ?f  this  was  pra>S\ic^ible  :   we  had  great  reafon  * 
to  fuppof*  it  wa^not,  for  we  had  not  only  more  wild    un- 
(iviliz^.d  men  to  deal  with,  but  an  injured    and  exifpe- 
rared  people:  nay  more,  a  people  who  had  heard  of  our   - 
tranfaOions  at    Owyhee,  and  knew  vis  to  be  no  more  than 
jncn  liVe  themfelves,  and  therefore  no  longer  in  dread  of 
a)»:  we  h.id  alfo  a  tour  tirrt  vifjt  here  fpread  the   vcn^ieal 
difeaf^i  among  ihsm,  which  h:id  Unco  made  the  moft  fliock-  '• 
ing  tava'^^e? :  thou*j;h  in  juftice  to  Cook  1  muft  oblr.ive  that 
'the  cauies  which  produced  it  was  fuch  as  he  would  haivi^  ,  . 
_     .^'  -li     puui.th.d 


'>v.^ 


K. 


"^i 


*'!<^  V 


[  156  J 

jpujiilhi^d  in  vhc  fcveref^  manner  had  he  known  it,  as  all 
<;oinmunicatkn  between  oui  people  ?nd  thof;  were  when 
we  were  here  in  177 4  ftri£\ly  prohibited  by  him. 

The  only  hopes  then  vhst  we  had  of  beini<  able  to  land 
?nd  water  here,  were  either  thole  that  originated  from  be- 
ftowing  ?:reat  prefents  on  all  the  chielsat  leart :  andthofe 
of  mere  force,  or  perhaps  a  little  of  each,  which  indeed 
was  the,,cafe.  V/e  were  on  lliore  three  fucceflTive  d^ys 
wit!i  all  the  force  we  could  fpare  froir  the  fliips,  but  h-d 
not  the  chiefs  exerted  themf elves  n  ♦he  moft  ftrenL:<  ts 
manner  in  our  favor,  they  certainly  would  have  attacked 
us,  thou;>,h  they  ftill  (l^od  awed  whei  they  fa  w  our  little 
intrepid  handfull ;  and  fo  far  our  foice  wasof  fervice  to 
u^:  and  it  was  bell  not  put  to  a  furthci  j»oof,  for  there  were 
more  than  15000  of  the  natives  round  us  every  day,  and 
above  half  that  nu^nbei  fighting  men. 

On  the  2^th  we  had  the  pleafure  to  finifli  our  wa- 
trjing  bufmefs:  And  as  goin>5  '^n  ll''^rc  to  Trade  for  pro- 
V  ifions  would  by  no  means  do  we  remained  on  board, 
and  though  the  natives  did  not  crjie  off  to  us  with  fhat 
plenty  th-'v  ufcd  to  do,  y^t  we  found  it  worth  cur 
V. hilc  to  continue  here  feveral  duys, 

Cr 

On  the  4th  of  March  wea;».iin  cunio  to  fail,  and  The 
fame  day  anchoie.d  at  the  Illmd  v)f  Nchv)w,  from  which 
^vc  took  cut  departure  on  our  tiift  palTige  to  the  north- 
ward in  tebiuaiy,  1778. 

The  grcntcft  psrt  ^i  rhe  pioducc  cf  thi«  ift.-ncL '.9 
V?m^,  ^"'1  ^*  procured  at  thii  viiit  as  well  as  M  ♦V.e 
former  about  two  months  lupply  •  We  did  not  hrwe- 
yfA  at  this  time  as  we  aid  before,  but  fcnt  our  K..:ts  to 
the  (boic  which  wc  found  anfwcrcd  uiuch  better  pur-  * 

polsi 


"•p^ 


r  We- 
lti to 

The 


t 


^S7 


1 


J* 


The  whole  group  called  Sandwich-Iflands,  mail e  Ten 
in  number,  they  lay  in  a  fouth-eafteriy  and  north-wc- 
fterly  dircftion. 

Owyhee  to  th*  S.  E.  lies  in  lat.  19,  28.  north,   and 

longit.  203.  eaft,  and  Nchow  to  the  north-weft  lica  in 
lat.  21.  49.  north,  and  longit.   198.  39.  caft.    Owyhee, 

Mauwee,  Nehun,  Wagadoo,  Attowai  and  Nehow  are 
alllarKC  ifland»  from  90  to  30  ler. gucs  in  circumference, 
and  thick  inhabited. 

In  my  accounts  of  the  principal  one  which  i«  Owy 
hee  1  have  been  fo  pirticular  as  to  exclude  the  pro- 
priety of  adding  a  diftin£^  and  feparate  account  of  the 
reft;  but  aa  we  are  now  forever  to  take  our  loava  of 
them,  and  quit  ihe  remoter  parts  of  the  Pacific-Ocean 
it  will  be  natural  at  le^ift  if  not  requifitc  to  make  foine 
reflections  on  that  multitude  of  illanda  and  immenfe 
number  of  people,  who  inhabit  thrm  thrcughout  thii 
extended  and  almoft  boundlefj  world  of  watcrg.  The 
illanda  are  a  kind  of  curiofity  themfelves;  in  point  of 
iliuation  and  formation:  But  this  refpeOs  a  very  learn- 
ed fubic£\ ;  or  rather  a  fpeciilativp  curiofity,  and  i«  fo- 
reign from  the  more  immediate  objects  of  our  difcnve* 
ries.  U  is  a  fubjeft  only  Ht  for  a  philofopher;  md  he 
muft  be  a  very  good  cne  too.  But  I  am  no  philofopher : 
However  as  a  travellci  and  a  frien  1  to  mankind  I  ihall 
moft  freely  relate  ;iny  matter  of  curious  fa£>  to  be  im- 
proved by  thf»m.  It  is  a  fiii'\  that  every  ifland  we  vi- 
ftted  in  the  Paciiic-Ocean  is  more  or  lefs  oveifpread 
with  lava,  marked  wiih  filfures,  excavations  and  every 
indication  of  fubterrancous  tire  :  Many  of  thrm  Ihew 
indubitable  proofs  that  th^y  have  partook  of  fome  et- 
trar-rdinary  ftruggle  in  nature  fufficient  either  to 

"ituation.  or  to  ha 


prefen 


deftroyed  them 


if  their  original  forms  had  been  what  they  axe  now 
/'•  Wh«i 


Mi^;  ; 


,!"  t' 


^11'] 


J 


p 

91 


J-: 


»i. 


t      i;«      ] 


When,  «r  in  what  manner  thefe  events  took  place  in  n:!)tuT« 
I  leave  to  the  ingenious:  But  as  we  n'-ver  cou'd  obtaipi 
any  intelligence  of  the  prcfcnt  inhabitants  of  riny  fuch 
occurrences  we  cannot  fuppofe  it  of  any  laie  date. 
Kut  had  thofc  people  inluibited  thrm  originally,  either 
antecedent  to  the  univcrfal  delu:5e,  or  fubfequpnt  to 
that  pciiod,  and  prior  to  the  evrntual  ccn\uificns  juft 
mentioned,  and  it  h/>d  been  poflTible  for  them  to  have 
exirted  they  would  hive  remembered  fuch  remaik^b,e 
tventf:  And  a^^in  Tup  pofin.ii^  the  delude  not  to  hive  been 
iini^erfil,  and  thofe  extraordinary  changes  never  to  have 
taken  place  in  the  minncr  already  fuppofed,  but  by  a 
lefi  violent  ind  a  frequent  furcefTnn  of  convuliive  al- 
teration?, yet  th«  lealt  of  fuch  ap^)earance,s,  efpeci>illy- 
amonR  them  wou'd  have  been  noticed  let  us  fuppofe 
them  to  have  inhabited  thefe  iflnnds  at  sny  period  v^hat- 
ever:  But  they  know  nothinv;  of  any  fuch  changei  or 
any  thing  of  the  lenft  of  thofc  ciiufes  which  have  be- 
yond all  doubt  exifted  here,  and  in  f-^me^  inftances  ac- 
cording to  appearance  of  the  lava  and  other  calcinated 
matter  from  very  late  eruptions  :  And  thrfe  confide ra- 
tionMlo  notcniy  rerpe£\  the  illand,  but  its  inhabitants. 
It  arftu*8  that  if  they  were  created  and  exited  here 
independant  of  ;in  antecedent  deiivntion  from  the  reft 
of  mankind,  th;<tth(«r  were  \cry  lately  made,  and  have 
come  very  impeife^  trrm  the  latefl  woiks  of  the  Cre- 
ator:  And  yet  I  have  heard  it  fuiipofcd  :  Though  I 
confefs  unwoithy  confutation. 

•      ^ 

It  ari:;ue<  ^Ifo  that  the  inhnhitmts  of  thofe  iflandi 
did  not  originally  exilt  tlicre,  that  they  are  emigrants 
from  fome  other  puts  of  th*^  earth;  and  is  a  prefump- 
tive  argument  thit  tliey  are  not  very  early  tmigrants: 
This  i^  ftill  more  evident  from  anological  inferences. 
We  have  pretty  plain  pioofs  that  the  Otaheifeans  have 
motion*  of  tranrmigration,  and  we  know  that  thofe  fen- 
i,  timcnti 


btairt 

fuch 

(late. 

;ilhec 

[11  to 
IS  juft 
have 
kvib.e 
;  bf  en 
■)  have 
t  by  a 
ve  al- 

up  pole 
what- 

igei  or 

ve  be- 

ces  ac- 

pinatcd 
fidera- 

bitants. 
d  here 
he  reft 
d  hnve 
^e  Crc- 

"lOugh  I 

)igrants 

rrfiimp- 
^  rants  : 
erencei. 
»ns  have 
ofe  fen- 
timenti 


i 


»59 


J 


r 


titnents  of  religion  firft  tranfpircd  in  India  fevcral  hun- 
dred years  fmcc  the  birth  of  Chtift. 


\  -■■\ 


What  is  more  fluctuating  and  liable  to  chunge  is  theit 
langui^e,  and  yet  the  iangua^t  th*Jt  pervades  even  all 
the  illands  fpoken  of  in  this  hiftory  (it  it  may  be  called 
f'-ich)  h^jveniany  words  fimilai  in  their  orthography,  and 
Ci^preffive  of  the  fame  ideas  with  thofe  in  the  pefent 
languages  of  the  Malaynefe,  Javanefe,  of  Prince*«-Ifland, 
and  even  of  Mid^.^afcar,  and  yei  it  is  very  probibjc^ 
that  all  thofe  different  languages  were  a  thnufand  if  not 
Hvc  hundred  years  ago  very  diffeient  from  what  the/ 
DOW  are. 

Thafe  conficjerations  refpeO  an emi^^ration,  and  a  late 
emigration.  I  rftcem  an 'migration  late  in  th  8  inftance 
that  cemmcnc»d  a  ihoufand  years  back.  But  I  believe 
thofe  who  have  read  the  voyages  th'U  refpe£^  ihciflindi 
in  this  part  of  the  terraqueous  world,  have  before  now 
been  fully  convinced  that  the  inh<>birant$of  them  were 
derived  from  one  ccmmon  origin,  and  the  cn'y  difficul- 
ty that  rem'<«iiicd  was  to  fix  that  ccnunon  oii^in,  the 
|?ariicular  country  and   people. 

It  is  certainly  very  remarkable  if  the  inhabitinti 
of  thcfc  iiles  did  cmi;^rate  from  the  fame  fet  of  men : 
The  fame  niti^n,  tribe,  horde  or  feO  .•  And  theie  ait 
the  iirongeft  reafons  to  think  fo  let  the  local  fituarion 
of  their  anceftors  be  wheie  it  might;  That  muft  7ive 
way  JO  that  univeifal  fimilJii'y  of  ?>ppeaiancei  that  fup- 
poits  the  prior  frnrimfnt.  [^ut  as  providence  when  we 
art  able  to  invefti^ate  its  proCitdin;8  e/er  ac\«  uni- 
formly,  and  fo  oiden  events  as  t^  correfpnnd  with  the 
oaufei  whi'.h  produce  them,  we  are  n  >t  to  difcredit 
an  extr*»oidiniry  faO,  thnuv^h  we  cannot  imnicdiatf  ly 
Comprehend  it,  and  in  endeavorins^  to  account  for  it 
we  are  to  jud^c  accdiding  tp  iht  gtntral  operitior    of 


ihingf 


I  be 


iicvi 


>  » 


mu. 


\ 


"'^ 


[ 


x6o 


] 


I  believe  it  will  be  thought  too  curious  to  fuppofe 
that  the.aborigines  of  thofe  iiicd  individually  confidered 
emigrated  from  cither  of  the  continents :  But  taking  the 
iflinds  collectively,  and  fuppofing  them  originally  peo- 
pled from  one  of  the  continents  is  very  natural  and  ra- 
tional. The  cafe  thus  lituated  reduces  the  enquiry  to 
two  queftionii  From  which  of  the  conanents  America 
or  Afia  did  the  inhabitants  of  thefe  iflaads  immediate- 
ly emigrate,  and  what  illand  or  iflands  did  they  firft 
emigrate  to? 

The  New-Zea landers  fay   their   anceftors  came  from 
an  ifland  called  Hawyjec:    Now  Owyhee  as  we  have 
carelefsly  pronounced  it  is   pronounced  hy  its  inhabit- 
ant! Hawyhee.    This  is  a  curious  circumftance,  and  ad- 
mitt  of  «  prcfumption  thj4t    the   Iflnnd  Owyhee  or  Ha- 
wyhee  is  the  ifland  from  which   the  New-Zcalanders 
originally  emigrated  :  It  fuperceeds  anoloi<ical  evidence 
—but  Owyhee  is  in  20  north,  and  New-Zealand  in  40 
fouth,  and  not  above  300  leagues  diftant  from  the  fouth- 
ern  parts  of  New-Holland,  and  is  bcfidcs  fituatcd  in  the 
latitudes  of  variable  winds,  which  admit  of  emigrations 
from  any  qu?''ter.    On  the  other  hand  the  languages  of 
Owyhee   and   New-Zealand  were    originally  the   fame 
and  as  much  alike  as  that  of  Otaheite  and  New-Zea- 
land 1    Not   to  mention  other  circumftnnces  of  the  like 
kind  :  Whereas  the  language  at  New-Zealand  and  New- 
Holland  have  very  Utile  or  no  rcfemblance   to  each  0- 
fher:  This  difference  with  many  others  between  New- 
Z^al'-md  and  New-Holland  cmnot  be  rrconciUd :    Rut 
the  difficultiei  that  may  arife  from  confidcring  the  di- 
ftance  between  New-Zealand  and  Owyhee  may  be   at 
there  are  clufters  of  ifland*  that  we  know  of,  and  may 
be  olhcri  unknown   that  occuppy  at  no  great  diilance 
from  each  other  the  intei mediate  ocean  fiom  Owyhtr 
to  New-Zealand.     The  obvious  reifoniaga  that  woiUd 


t 


i6t 


1 


te  uffd  toconcluf'e  thr  N'^w-Zeahndcrs  fn^ejiants  from 
Owy.T«e  W(^uld  be  firtt  to  'UDpofe  rhcm  fiom  the  [Miendly 
Ides,  then  the  Soci^t^-: ilea,  ?ind  then  Sandwich- llks, 
and  the  trrad^tion  thu8  fom-cd  is  very  r  itional  and  ai- 
gumen thrive,  becaufe  all  their  manners  and  cuiirms  h^ve 
the  fame  rout.  Supp  »'c  then  that  the  jlL:nds  we  hivc 
mentioned  were  pe  >p;ed  Umi  Owyhee,  anH  iuppofe  ii  to 
b?  the  fiirt  ill  ind  fettled,  the  fecond  mvi  ultimate  quefiion 
is  from  which  of  the  coniin-nts — Ameri  a  or  Alii  ?  Its 
fitui  ion  ic^pe^in^  Ameiica,  andthetiade  winds,  ftrong- 
\y  inic'  from  that  '"^ntinent,  for  it  is  twice  the  diftance 
from  Afi  I  thut  it  iv  fiom  America  j  and  a  Ihip,  fitrcdfor 
tl  e  purpofeatChin?.  which  is  in  a  parallel  la  tit  .de,wculd 
be  more  than  two  monrhjj  in  reaching  it,  and  vvemuft  fup- 
I'ofe  the  emigrations  that  refpe£\  thefe  people  to  have  been 
merely  fortuitous:  Cut  a  c^noe  drove  by  ft.ef«*  of  wea- 
ther from  the  fout}  em  part  of  California,  or  the  couil 
of  New-Galici?i,  the  nppolV^  pntallel  would  reach  Ovi-y- 
hee  in  a  di;e6\  cnurfe  in  hslf  the  time  or  lef^ :  The 
diftance  is  about  900  Icfi^'ues,  and  we  fsw  people  at 
the  lllmd  Mana;an)0'.iiooa,  who  hnd  been  driven  from 
Otaheite  there,- which  is  500  leagues. 

But  if  we  fuppofe  Owyh^'e  peopled  from  South-Ame- 
tica,  we  fli^ll  be  fomewhat  difappointed  in  fupportin^ 
the  conj-'-diiie  by  ar-^^um^'nts  that  ref|.)eO  their  irnnners 
and  cufloms,  and  thoe  of  the  Califo  nians,  Mexicans, 
Peruvians,  or  Chilinefe:  There  is  bur  i  laint  ,Tn.?l')p;y 
compncd  with  that  which  welh  uld  lind  on  the  (outh- 
eallcrn  co.ilts  of  Afi «  in  thefe  icfpe^V?.  Let  ui  (hen 
withoat  attending  to  the  f«rw  an:}loj;ical  cuftoms  that 
UMWi  between  the  0\^yh-eans  and  the  .South-\n  ei- 
cans  r<*ve.fc  rnr  f/HeiT^  of  en  i'^ration  :  .Supi'ofe  the  iO- 
h.ibitanfs  of  .S«n<i!wich-n]inas  to  have  cru."  0  m  th^ 
Socir-ty-Hlrnds,  and  thole  f'om  the  Fii<^nHb/  Ill-s,  apvi 
the   N«-v-Zc.iIandcfs  from   (hem,  the  jnhubitants  f.<"  th- 

W  r  riend  y 


\  "":;U" 


** 


N.- 


L 


i(z 


J 


'••; 
W 


Friendly  Tiles  from  New-Caledonia,  from  the  Hebrides, 
New-G'iinea,  Celebe.9,  Borneo,  J^va,  or  Sumatra,  and 
finally  from  the   continent  at  Malacca. 

Toc;ive  thedirtin£\  pofition'ofthefe    iflandsand    num- 
herlefs    others   of  lefs    note  all    around   them  would  be 
needlefs   as  a  moments  adve  fion  to  the  chart  willd<»itto 
more  adi^antaa;e.     Suppofmi;  the  emigration  we   aie  now 
fpe^kino^  of  to  take   this    courf**,  the  moft  appa  ent  argu- 
iiif^nt  in  its  favor  is  the  proximiry  of  the   feveral  iflmds  to 
each  otherfroifi  the  Friendly  Ifl-s  to  th?e  continent  ,•  but 
irs    fufticiency    will  abate  if  we  confid^r  emii<rations  as  I 
think  they  areoffener  the  tfleOs  of  accident  than  pi  cinten- 
tion  efpf^ciaily  when  out  of  fight  of  land  :   B-fides  it  is  evi- 
dent from  ocrular  proof  that  though  New-Guinea,   and 
New-Holland  a:e  very  near  to  ea-hoth'^r,  thit  th-'.re  liaa 
n?ver  hern  any  inte''c<nnTe  between  thrm:  and  yet  from 
miny  nppen ranees  there  feems  to  ha\  e  been  one  between 
New-Guinea  and  New  Hebrides  and  the  Friendly  Ill»s, 
although  tirther  diflant  fi cm  each  other.    There  is  indeed 
no  remarkable  liniil  irity  in  the  people,  cuft'^ms  and  man- 
ners of  Kvw-Guin>^J  and  the  Friendly  llV  s,    but  an  exa£\ 
Conformity  between  the  doinellic  anininl*-,  an<l  ve8;etable 
p'odu^'.^ ions  of  both  countries:  Some  fruits  that   we  call 
tropical,  lie  peculiar  to  all  pliccx  within  the  trr,p;r:,s :  Hut 
bie. id  Trait     is    nowhere   known  but  iim'ni^  thefe  ill  mds 
and  the  ill  inds  further  northw;jrd  on  the  coaU  of  Afn  :   It 
i^  not   1  nown  at  New-Holland  but  it  is   at  New-Guinea, 
Thfiefore  wherever  I  can  find    this  bread-fruit  in  parti- 
cular,   lib  ill  fuppolean    intercourfe   to  have  once  fub- 
hlted,  m-j  the  more  fo  when  T  tind  a  correfpondent  agree- 
ment between  tlift    animnls  ^f   diif'*rent  places:  And    it 
r»u.;ht  to  be  remembered   ;dfothit  there  are  no  other  ani- 
mals throu,w;hont   ihofe    iflmds    unlets  they  arc  near   the 
coirinmt;  thofe   remote    illjnth  haveno  other:    Itijthc 
fime  with  their  ve>;etab!es.     The  i emote  iflands  have  no 
watfci-mclons,  izuavaj}  and  fuch  other   CiUiit. 

,       ThclV 


y»r 


t         I  ^3         ] 


Th  cfe  chfcrvations  will  materially^  f'Ptly  to  the  circtm- 
ftai  cescf  tn.igiaticn.  A  carce  in  p^lTing  along  its  own 
court,  or  villtirg  ri  neighbcuiing  11  nd  ^^cuicl  t.:l<e  en 
bojrd  a  hog,  a  oog,  a  fowl  and  bicici-iruit  for  luhiilliince 
iii  prefeience  to  .'i  n.«  nl  ey,  a  fn^;le,  n  ^uavd  or  i(  ur  f.^p: 
And  if  ih'?  is  driven  ac(  ictPtalH'  on  to  loiiit  foiei^n  ill^nd 
they  tuin  to  greater  iidvantdge  ttill. 

On  the   15th  of  March  v,e  c?mc  to  f^il  fteering  N.  W, 


frcm  ihe   fl  ids,  n  tsning  to  fall  in  wi 


1  ?} 


pail  o  n^'ith- 


ern 


hi 


d  e.  Urn  Alii*   ^\  ^  fr  n  s  the  penin.u'a  ^-t-reiai- 
ly   called   K  11  p'fc  hat]- ?.  ;  hut  ;cccidJng  to  il  e  picnun- 
ciation  cf  the  Ri.fTi  n  fn.i^Pi.nis  who  inhabit  if.  iivd  ilie 
dialeO    of  th*    aboiigines  of    th^    cointry  K:;ii,chatl  a; 
This   is  ere  of  fie   uttlfn  ci.cles  oi   Kifli  n   Sibeiia, 
called    thus   from    its  bein./   a   place  where  malefadtors 
of  rank    frriTi    'he  Court  of  KulTia  are  exi'ed:  The  word 
Siberia  in    Rufs    fii!niiy  ng   a  piifon:     It   w.-tg  fovnierly 
called  Afiatic  Tartaiy,  ?nd  was  aliiiolt  wholly  unknown 
until  the  reign   of    the  piefent  Empiefs  Caiharine,  who 
has  difFuled  not  only   ihioughrut  this  circle,   but  near- 
ly   all  the  leii   detached  f rn  i^'inies  of  European   t:of)ps, 
which    have  lately   been  enrieafed   by   the  junOion   o£ 
lome  of  theC(Hack8  and  the  Indians  theinfelves :  Thcfe 
troops  Keep  the   C(;untry    in    awe  j    and  by  eiiabblhing 
fa6^ories  f«)r  pelt   jind  fur   have  of  late  made  great  ad- 
vances toward  colonization  and  added  fometling  very  im- 
portant to  the  revenue  of  the  Euipiel>.     At  this  time  we 
were  in  w.^nt  of  many  European  aiticles  ih^!t  refpeOcd 
not  only  the  comfcr  t  of  our  perfonv  but  th«  f.ifety  of  thp? 
ihips:   We  had  yet  an  immenfe  tr^^^  of  oce;'n  to  tiaverfe, 
and    re-cxplore,  Jind  after  that  was  iiniOif  d  if  we  were  fo 
fortunate  as  to   efcape  the  dangers  that  thofe  who  beft 
knew  them,  th<  mott  ftronki;!/ aniicipated  j  other  circiim- 
rtdnces  fubfequ<«nt   to   thefc  cur  beft  wiflies  would  ftiJl 
add  to  our  fmb^rralTmcnts,  and  if  we  were  not  drown- 
c4.ihauld  be  Itaived  to  death  without  iome  kind  01  if-' 

.     liff* 


ihi  ;    * 


m 


I        1^4         1 

lief.  We  were  befides  n'moft  n^ked  for  want  of  cloth- 
ing of  ail  kinds,  pHrtiCu.d.iy  ihoes,  foi  tliere  was  not 
;i  new  pair  in  either  iii'p.  Indeed  it  was  a  certain  truth, 
thnu's;h  not  revcfiled  lo  the  people,  that  iliouid  we 
nic<^t  with  no  recruit  of  bread,  and  perf«vere  in  our  pro- 
pofed  fecond  attempt  in  the  exploration  of  a  North- Weft 
PwfTage  ;  wemuft  have  been  necefliated  to  reduce  our  pit- 
tance of  bre<)d  or  hour,  wbich  was  now  at  half  allowance 
to  a  ftill  fmaher  quantity,  and  peihaps  too  fmnll.  be- 
fore ^e  could  pcflibly  reach  «iny  port  wheic  we  could  be 
fur«  of  a  fupply. 

Thefe  confidcr^tions  then  indiiccd  us  to  bend  our  courfe 
towards  Kamchatka,  though  in  f<^d  we  hid  litile  encou- 
ragement to  cxpe£\  relief  when  we  lliou.d  get  there. 

I  lliall  not  detain  my  rerders  with  a  dull  detail  of 
immaterial  incident.i  while  at  fea  on  this  paifaj^e,  and 
only  fimply  obfeive  that  it  was  rendered  exfemely 
Uymi^  and  fe^ere  not  only  from  the  fudcien  chr^nge  of 
cHmate  in  le;<vin2;  the  tropical  latitudes,  and  ent«ring 
on  a  winters  co.ift,  and  a  new  coaft,  but  from  other 
ciicumrtances :  Our  clothin.^  as  is  obferved  beiore  was 
really  miferable,  our  food  was  the  f?me  on  monday  morn- 
ing and  funday  evening— poik  and  yams  begun,  and 
porV  and  yams  ended  all  our  bills  of  f;*re,  and  we  h:  d 
bofides  but  h.jlf  an  allowance  of  the  latter  of  thofe  ar- 
ticles pnd  when  pealed,  and  the  rotten  and  decayed 
parts  defalcated  the  lemainder  was  oh  ye  epecures,  but 
icanty  I  kffure  yn  !  Kefides,  it  was  the  month  of  March, 
2nd  to  Cfown  the  jeft  our  (hip  was  fairly  worn  outt 
Wt  pumped  and  bailed  })er  half  the  paiTjge. 

On  tVf*  70th  of  April  in  a  thick  fnow-ftotm  accom- 
panied by  a  feverc  gale  of  wind  we  parted  company 
with  the  Difcovery  i  our  iat.  was4t.  38,  north. 


»    •  •  • 


1   of 

and 
nely 
e  of 
ring 

ther 

orn- 
and 
hid 
ar- 
yed 
but 
rch, 
out. 


On 


On  the  25th  we  came  in  fight  of  the  coaft  of  Kaow 
ch.tkaj  and  the  nex  day  we  entered  a  Ipacious  bay, 
Chled  by  the  Ruflians  Awat/ka,  and  came  to  an  anchuc 
among  fome  loofe  ice  in  the  chops  ol    the  bay. 

On  the  25th  weighed,  and  run  fu-^ther  up  toward*  i 
village  we  faw  on  the  north-welt  fide  of  the  bay,  but 
were  not  able  to  approach  it  within  three  quarter!  of 
a  wile  for  the  ics  thit  fu  rounded  the  fliore.  The  Dif- 
C'l  eiy  had  been  frparatt^d  frrm  us  fiiiCe  i^e  aoih,-  we 
we  e  \ety  much  co:ice;n'*-d  for  her  fafety,  and  wert 
no"  e  ;e  ed  from  our  anxiety  until  the  30th,  when  to 
our  infinite  joy  we  faw  her  coming  up  the  bay,  all  well. 

The  i'ihabitants  of  thr  village,  who  confifted  at  thit 
timci  only  of  *  Ruflian  ^uaid  of  15  or  20  miferrble  look- 
ing men  commanded  by  a  ferjeant,  and  about  fo  In- 
dians s\e:c  ve  y  much  frightened  when  they  fi;ft  faw  our 
Ihips,  havm,^  n^ver  bpfore  fecn  any  thing  of  tic  kind, 
ex.repr  two  or  three  little  coalting  b iris  of  their?  made 
oa  that  coart,  imd  were  therefore  diawn  up  to  oppcfe 
our  Kindiny:,  which  was  partly  on  the  ice  j  but  the  fer- 
jcant  undfrlt  nding  a  little  of  ihe  Gtfman  language 
nude  himfelf  inieii^ible  to  our  draughtfmyn,  who  fpoke 
it  riuently,  and  accompanied  thofe  who  firft  landed. 
I^y  this  iue?n«  Jin  ecUicilTemtnt  foon  took  place,  and 
the  fejeant  invited  the  gentlemen  into  hit  houft,  and 
regaled  them  with  a  dlih  of  filh  and  fome  whurt>:  By 
him  we  were  in^'ormed  of  feveral  paiticulart  that  gave 
u<  murh  fatisfaOion,  and  nothmg  more  fo  than  the  pro- 
bability there  wa«  of  getting  fome  fuppliet  from  the 
commander  in  chief,  who  refided  at  a  fcttlement  cal- 
led tiolchniretikoi  or  Bolcharecka  iituate  about  50  Eng- 
lifli  miles  back  in  the  country  towards  the  Sea  Ochotfk; 
And  at  the  forjcant  w^s  going  to  fend  off  an  immedi- 
ate exprefs  to  this  gentleman  to  acquaint  him  of  our 
aiijvali  it  waa  thought  piopci  to  wiitc  him  hy  the  fame 

opportunity 


i    :!l'i 


r 


& 


i.'  ^  'Si!' 


H 


[ 


166 


] 


opportunity,  and  as  he  was  a  German  by  birth  and  e- 
duc3tionwe  fent  the  letter  in  that  lan2:uage.  The  cou- 
rier with  thefe  difp.itches  wa,s  drawn  by  a  fledge  with 
10  or  12  dogs,  and  retu  ned  again  with  the  Gover- 
norVs  fe-retary,  and  a  letter  to  Ca  pt.  Cleike  compli- 
menting him  o^n  his  arrival,  and  tendering  his  bell  fer- 
vices  whenera^he  was  made  more  fully  acquainted 
with  the  fuppliea,  and  added  that  after  th?)t  he  would 
do  himfelf  the  honor  to  wait  upon  him  in  perfon.  As 
it  was  difficult  to  trnnfmit  fo  perfeO  an  account  of  fuch 
articles  as  we  wanted  by  letter  as  if  fome  one  who  well 
unde  ftood  the  bufinefs  could  do  in  peifon,  and  for  0- 
ther  reafons  added  to  thefe,  Captain  Gore  (as  Capt;iin 
ClerVe  was  very  ill)  determined  to  wait  on  the  Go- 
veinor  himfe  f,  and  to  make  th«  vfit  more  agieeable 
as  well  as  more  refpec^nble  lieutenant  King  who  fpoke 
the  French  and  Mr.  Webber  thei&aughtfman,  who  fpoke 
the  Germ^jn  languages  accomj^^ed  him,  taking  the 
Governor's  feci«tary  with   them. 


In  the  mean  time  as  the  '  e  broke  fron^the  fliores 
we  birthed  the  Ihips  nearer  in,  and  bcgaWlp  water 
and  wood:  We*  alfo  ftripp^.d  the  Pvefo!utioM^\.bows, 
and  made  other  neceifary  repairs  and  equipmcnt^.^.^ 

On  the  5th  of  Mjy  feveral  Ruffian  andjPolifli  traders  in 
fur  came  to   our  fliips  frcm    Bolchareckty^d. brought  iet->. 
teis  to    Capt.  Gierke   from  Capt.  Gore,^lto  had  fafe  ar- 
rived at  that  pl^  with  his  fuit. 

Thefe  traders  belonged  to  others  itidiffer^'wPj^ts  of 
Sibeiia,    and    were    a  c  mpnny  coremiiwwied  to  tT^BtJbr 

furs,  for  which  privilcdge  they  p^id  the  Ea|orefs  fo  , 

annually.     They  puichnC^  the  moft  of  our  fuP,  for  whicfT^' 


tno 


they  Rave  what  we  then  thought  a  great  price,  but  whett'y 
we  afterwards  vili  ted  China  we  found  ourmiftaker  They'V 
gave  us  for  the  glutton-Zkinscach  60  ru^ 


mijtaKi 
ivUli^hich  ar«  -^ 


.•«. 


i 


«*r 


y*  • 


I 


Xf7  3 


*) 

w 


nearly  e^ual  to  Spanifli  dollars:  For  beaver-lkins  about 
15  rubles  each  upon  an  average. 

On  the  23d  our  gentlemen  returned  from  Bolcha- 
recka  with  the  Governor,  who  was  a  Major  in  the  RuflTi  n 
army,  an  agreeable  fenfible  well  bred  mm.  He  was  fa- 
luted  with  eleven  guns,  and  other  marks  of  refpe£\  from 
both  fhips  at  his  arrival,  and  when  he  went  away  had  ma- 
ny very  valuable  prefents  made  him. 

On  the  J; 5th  theGovernor  left  us,with  packets  both  pub- 
lic and  private,  which  he  undertook  to  tranfn.it  to  Ge^t- 
Britain,acrcC8  the  continent  by  the  wny  of  Peteifburgh: 
Thin  we  found  afterwards  to  be  honorably  executed. 

The  fup plies  we  received  here  were  20  head  of  poor 
cattle ,  400  weight  of  tobacco,  tar,  cordage  and  cinvaf^, 
and  particularly  about  9000  weight  of  rye-meal  which 
was  all  they  had  :  This  rye-meal  ws  afterwaids  mixe(< 
with uur  Hour,  and  ferveditout  inequal  portions. 

The  Bay  Awatika  i?  large  and  cappcious,  being  gene- 
rally 6  and  7  leagues  broad  :  on  xho  fouth  IrJe  theie  is  a 
fettlement  called  Paratnnka,  containin.^  a  few  houfes,and 
a  church  with  aGreekprieft.  On  the  N.  W.  fide  is  fitu- 
ate  the  village  oppofiie  which  we  lay,  called  Peter  and 
Paul  from  two  lofty  mountains  behind  it,  which  they  have 
diftinguilhed  by  thofe  nnmes ;  it  contains  about  30  huts, 
fome  of  which  are  built  with  logs,  as  we  do  in  our  new 
Anicrican  fettlements,  andotheis  aveereOedon  polls  about 
1 4  feet  from  the  jjiound,  confi  fling  of  a  nia:ht  fra  me  of  a  co- 
nical form  and  a  tPt^ch.  Befides  the  Uiilli  ms  who  inha- 
bit it,  there  are  fome^^^  abo'i^;ines  of  the  country,  who 
are  civilized,  and  occafiorPWly  buar  arms :  Mut  are  gene- 
raHjf  employrd  in  hunting  or  filhing.  The  nntive^-?  o{ 
fnmeW 
tolerab 


'ill' 


rill! 


J 


ri,  'Am 


ti 


< 


t         1^8         i 

only  of  them  but  of  any  people  I  ^vet  fiw:  Thfy  ar<^  of  § 
^iminurive  fize,  narrow  torehe^ds,  high  chcef-honej 
iin^U  eyei  funk  info  their  he<id<  and  gu»irny :  Almolt  no 
nofe^  a  monrtcro'is  mouth  and  thick  lips;  their  haii  is 
black  and  ftr^it :  They  are  indolent,  igno  ant,  fuperftiu- 
ou«,  3«aIou«,  Cowaidiy,  and  more  filthy  and  dirty  than  the 
imagination  can  conceive  in  petfons  dieis  and  manner  of 
living 

Thedrftfsof  them  nnd  theRuflian'sconfiftsofa  ^ov^nii-i 
Xound  the  waift  with  a  Dlh  or  girdle,  and  lined  wirh  lui, 
t  fur  cap  and  feal-fkin  boots.  Th«  drefsof  ihe  women  is 
nearly  the  fjmc.  As  neither  they  no:  the  RufliPtis  kpply 
themfelves  toany  kind  of  agriculture,  they  have  no  Vind 
bf  vegetables  but  what  grow  wild,  and  no  bread  but  what 
COtti^s  either  from  fomeof  the  more  fouthern  circles,  or  f rem 
Mofcow  and  Hetefburgh:  Their  principal  fubfirtance 
there  ari^e^ from  hufitm^  and  filhin?,  butmoftly  from  the 
latter  ref  >urce.  Among  their  fiih  they  have  plenty  of 
good  ftlm^n,  which  they  pref-rvc  by  drying  them,  dnd 
thisluims  the  principle  part  of  iheir  winters  provifions. 

The  face  of  the  country  is  high  and  mountainous,  snd 
thick  covered  with  well  grown  woods,  which  chiefly  con- 
dlU  of  biiCh,  pine  and  beach,  and  the  internal  parts  of  it 
ib-und^  wirh  a  variety  of  wild  animals,  among  which  is 
the  Baifran  or  wild  iheep  :  This  is  a  large,  ftately,  formi- 
dable animal  in  its  original  ftate,  and  very  unlike  the  lirtle 
delicatt  timid  animal  thatexifts  in  our  flocks  and  folds  of 
that  name.  As  the  inhabitants  have  no  horfes,  they  make 
life  of  a  number  of  midling  fized  dogs?  And  as  they  tra- 
vel m^ftlv  in  winter,  they  uCe  them  moftly  for  that  purpofe 
in  light  ll'di'Ci,  with  which  they  travel  4001  50  miles 
aday  very  comtortably. 

We  faw  at  this  place  fevcral  ejentlem'^n  who  had  been 
exiled  hither  frtm  the  court  of  Ruflia,  particularly  a  cer* 

tiii? 


C         1^9         ] 

tain  Coimt,  wfio  it  is  (aid  had  carried  his  amours  with  her 
impeiial  M^ijefty  fof^r,  thattu  conceal  the  matter  it  wat 
necelTiry  her  gallant  Ihould  fpend  the  reminder  of  his  days 
in  the  forefts  of '*^iberia— hunt  for  hiso^n  fubfiftHncc,  and 
excliifively  produce  annually  fomiich  fur  tohismiftiefs  at 
a  tribute  to  her  generofity  and  goodneis. 

On  the  tcith  of  June  havin;^  rfcceivedour  fupplleson 
l)oard,  replied  our  (hips,  Wooded  and  watered,  we  un^ 
mooted  and  waited  a  wind. 

w*t)n  the  1 3th  frndihg  no  wind,  towed  to  the  mouth  of  the 
•/tay  and  came  to. 

On  the  i4th  it  was  calm  all  day,  and  in  the  afternoon 
We  had  a  flight  ihock  of  an  eanhqUike. 

Ori  the  1 5  th  it  continued  calm  until  rtoon  when  it  cloud* 
cd  up  and  bicame  very  black  and  dark :  the  two  taountaint 
Perer  and  Paul  were  covered  with  the  atmofphere  near 
hi  If  way  from  their  fummitsdown,  and  at  two  o'clock  we 
had  dgain  a  fmiUlhockof  an  earthquake,  and  heard  a 
hollow  rumblint;  noife  in  the  air,  and  the  ntmofphere  con- 
tinuing to  condenfe,  it  becathe  almoft  a*  dark  as  night,  and 
the  face  of  hcrivcn  looked  very  wild  t  we  fingled  theftops 
of  the  iheet-anchor  and  ealied  the  ihip  aloft  at  all  thcfe 
portentous  appearances.  F^tween  three  and  four  the 
mount  »in  Paul  exploded  wifh  a  tremendous  (hock  that 
convulfed  every  thincc  around  us:  The  ;eport  that  attend* 
cd  the  explofion  w;<«  very  loud  at  firft.  but  gradually  de* 
creafed  until  it  lubfir'ed  to  a  fvuhdlike  that  of  fc^iumb 
diftant  thunder:  Ab.->ut  hilf  after  four  it  be,-;in  to  thun- 
der, and  the  air  bein^  furchir^ed  with  eleO  ical  matter, 
perhaps  from  the  mountain,  the  a  m  Tpheie  w;if  one  con- 
tinuedlheet  of  flame:  We  put  our  eleOncal  chainstothe 
maft-head,  Sfon  after  it  begnn  to  thunder  the-e  fell 
iitowsr^  of  (iniill  fragments  of  lava  about  tha  fiz^  of  i 
^*^  *        '  X  -'>:^''>valnuti 


>t 


P 


f't 


[         170         1 


i4 


\ 


I 


■'*•-. 


walnut:  This  was  fucceeded  by  (bowers  of  mud,  and  hy 
five  thtre  followed  a  fillof  diy,  white,  fine  alhfs,  which 
pioduced  a  very  ftiona;  fulphureous  fmcll :  Ou-- (hip  was 
covered  with  mud  and  afli^s,  which  lay  feveral  inches 
thick  on  our  deck*.  About  eij2;ht  in  the  evening  tht 
commotion  had  pretty  well  fuhfided,  but  the  mountains 
were  (lill  covered  with  a  thick  cloud  and  continued  to 
barn.  By  a  mathematical  meHfuration  we  were  20  miles 
in  an  horizontal  diie^tion  from  the  fummit  of  the  moun- 
tain Paul. 

On  thei^tliwc  hid  a  fair  and  e.afy  wefterly  breeze 
which  Ihii  u<?  out  to  fca:  We  obferved  the  mountain 
Paul  (till  cmiting  columns  of  fmoke  as  was  ufual  before, 
it  beinc;  anold  vuloano.  Wealfo  obfervec^  the  country 
all  round  within  30  miles  to  be  covered  wiihalh^s,  which 
being  of  a  light  colour  looked  veiy  much  like  a  new  fallen 
fnow:  We  a!  fo  found  the  fur  face  of  the  fea  impregnated 
with  mud  and  iilhes  8  or  9  leagues  off  the  land.  There 
IS  anithttr  vulcano  in  this  bay  which  fome  times  has  its 
eruptions.  The  village  called  Peter  and  Paul  is  fituate 
inlat.  SS-**    15   N.  bngt.  isi**  E. 

On  the  17th  Continued  our  courfe  to  the  northward, 
Ontheipth  (leered E.  by  N.  lat.  54. **    56  N. 

On  the  2otK  e;ime  in  n<ht  of  land,  hi,<H,  ind  cover- 
ed with  fnow  ;  called   by   P'^eerin^,    Kinjfchatk  i-nofs, 
but    found  that  c;ipe  a   degree  more  to  the  fouthward 
th?n  he  hid  laid  it  down.    Lat.  55.  5?.. 

On  the  2tl>  we  continued   to  Oecr  E.    N.  E.    faw  a 
whale,  two  fcils  and  a  nunbcr  of  fei-lion^.  .  ^ 

On  ♦he  Qzd  we  (\ood  to  the  north-c;i(t,   and  ff eirip:  a 
c  hange  in  rhe  colour  of  the  water,  we  fomdcd,  but  found 


t 


171 


] 


lound 


no  ground  in  100  fathom.  We  continued  the  fame  courfe 
till  the  25th,  when  we  were  inllai.  S9  cleg.  9  min.and 
Ung.  168  deg,  30  mill.  E. 

On  the  26th  we  changed  our  courfe  E.N. K.  and  find- 
ing the  (ea  covered  with  gulls  and  ihags,  we  founded  but 
found  no  ground  at  120  fathom. 

On  the  27th  we  ftood  F.  h;ilf  N.  and  found  ourfelves 
by  obfervation  in  lat.  5  9deg.  jf  inin.  long*  17a  E.  Wc 
c  hanged  our  courfe,  and  ftood  N.  N.  W. 

On  the  08th,  early  in  the  morning,  we  came  in  fi^ht 
of  land,  very  hi^h  and  co\eied  with  fnow,  the  extrem.e 
point  of  which  boic  N.  E.  diftance  about  6  leagues. 
We  Continued  our  courfe  along  Ihoie,  with  regular  founi- 

ingfl  at  about  54  failiom,   free  fr(  m  reefs,   and  a  very 

boldfl»ore.     We  lieeied  this  courfe  till 

The  3Cth,  at  noon,  when  we  were  in  lat.  ^z  deg, 
I  min.  ,  . 

On  the  iftof  July,  the  weather  began  to  grow  hazf, 
wiih  thick  fog?,    We  itiii  kept  coafting  oa  till 

The  3d  in  the  morning,  when  the  fogs  left  us  and  it 
b'vgan  to  rain.  At  ten  in  the  morning,  faw  a  very  high 
point  ni  land,  bearing  Irom  \i»  N.  N.E.  diftance  about 
7  leagues.  We  hauled  upon  ;i  wind,  ^^odHoodK.  N.  E. 
till  two  in  the  aft.irnoon,  when  we  pafTcd  a  fninll  iiiand, 
called  by  the  Ruiri.ntHt.  Nicbolasi  in  fmie  p.irts  very 
high  and  covered  with  Low.  Lat.  63.  deg.  45  miq, 
long.  tS;. 

On  the  4th  at  one  in  the  morning,  w*  b<:>re  away  N. 
halfE.  and  ab' ai  noon^  the  next  i\.\Y^  fav;  laud  from  W. 
to  N.  H.  i^in  4ang  hkc  two  illmdi.    At  4  o'clock  w* 


u 


!^ 


k, 


Ii^l'' 


I 


I7J 


J 


n 

i','  < 
t 


'■» 


k 


fa     .       » 


A 


>ml«d  up  to  W,  N.  W«  being  near  land,  anci  founding 
fxom  2^  to  29  fathom. 

On  the  ^ih  w«  continued  coafting  from  N.  half  W.  to 
N.  hjlf  E.  with  the  land  to  the  weftwaid  high  and  fnowy, 
Lat.  67  deg.  10  m in.  long.  Dt/E. 

On  the  7th  faw  ice  in  a  largt  bod^  to  the  eaftward, 
diftance  about  2  or  3  le-jgucfi,  and  about  noon  p^-lled  fe- 
veral  large  fieidt  of  ice,  We  tacked  and  ftood  N.  W. 
by  W.  wiih  a  ftiffgale  and  heavy  fnow. 

On  the  8th  fell  in  with  the  ice  ag;<in  in  a  folid  body  j 
at  the  fame  time  boie  away  5.  S.  W. 

On  the  9th,  at  three  in  the  morning,  we  hauled  up 
tlon^  fide  the  folid  ice,  fieezmg  cold  all  day.  Lat, 
69  dtg,  1 1,  min. 

On  the  loth  continued  our  courfe  all  the  morning, 
»nd  at  nine  p'^iffed  4  I'trg'^  held  oji'  loofe  ice,  difUnce 
about  3  mil«3,  and  at  noon  went  through  it. 

On  the  nth  we  found  ourfelvea  furrounded  with  ice. 
We  kept  working  to  the  fouih-eaft  pnfliiig  many  large 
fteids  nf  ice,  toveitd  with  fca  cow«.  We  kept  lutfing 
lit;  ar.d  bearing  awjiy,  till  with  f^ine  difficulty  we  got 
thou  h.  f.at.  ohferved  67  de«.  40  min.  lont<.  i86deg, 
10  mm.    We  continued  woikmg  through  the  ice  till 

The  IV^»  w^1en  by  obfcnration  we  weie  in  lat.  69 
d'^g.  37  min.  We  contmued  bearing  a^ay  to  the  noith*^ 
wiird,  tiii 

The  tSth,  w,hen  by  obfervaflot»  we  wtrt  in  lat.  70 
deg.  aJ  min.  and  bf  inp;  <fery  near  the  ice,  a  lifgr  wkit9 
bear  p^ifed  us  I'*  the  watfr;    but  dnade  for  the  iet  at 

a  gre^t  latt*    In  half  an  hour,   we  faw  mulutudes  of 

them 


"-    n 


4  '  ^ .; 


I         «:^3        1 

them  upon  the  ice,  making  to  the  eaftwaid,  when  wt 
obrerved  the  fea-caw«,  as  the  bears  appioached  th^m, 
fiying  like  (hcep  purfiicd  by  dogj. 

On  the  «oth  we  c^cme  in  fight  of  land  at  the  dif^ance 
of  about  5  01  6  leaguea,  bearing  from  S.  to  3.  E.  found- 
ed fiom  24  to  21  fathom. 

On  the  2ift  we  ftood  from  W.  half  N.to  W.  N.  W. 
wnd  at  fix  o'clock  we  padcd  a  large  ifljnd  of  ice,  on 
which  were  whole  ht^rds  of  fea-cows  of  an  enormous 
fiz<*  We  fired  fcveral  mufkets  among  them»  which  fent 
the.  3  the  water  with  dreadful  yelling*.  At  nine  in 
the  evening  we  came  in  fight  of  the  American  Hmrc, 
dirtant  about  ^  lcagu-«.  Wc  fteered  all  night  W.  by 
N,  and  next  morn  ng  found  ouifelves  almoft  furround- 
ed  with  fields  of  ice  drifting  to  the  fcAithward.  At  17 
o'clock  we  hauled  our  wind  to  the  fouthward,  and,  by 
th«  alertncfs  of  our  fcamen,  we  paifed  it  with  very  lit- 
tle damage. 

On  the  morning  of  the  23d  it  came  on  to  blow  very 
hard,  and  1  eforc  noon,  w-  fotmd  ourfelves  clofely  block- 
ed up  in  the  ice,  and  could  itf%  it  all  round  us  in  a 
folid  body,  to  a  great  diHnnce.  At  the  fame  time  we 
faw  the  Hefolution  beaiing  M.  E.  ha  If  E.  fume  miles  oiF, 
which  was  the  laft  fi  ht  we  had  of  her,  during;  the 
>Mhole  day.  In  this  hoitid  fituation,  we  handed  all  nur 
fails,  unbent  our  fore- top- fail,  and  moored  Ihip  with 
both  our  ice-anchors,  one  to  each  bow. 

We  now  began  to  leHeO  on  our  condition  i  The  win- 
ter drawing  on  apace;  uur  prov  ifions  fhirt,  af7d  what 
Wf  had  but  vety  indifferent ,  and  no  relief  to  be  ex|:«^cd  j 
our  people's  fpiiits  began  to  ftnk,  and  it  was  with  dif- 
ficulty that  they  were  peifuaded  to  exert  themfelvet 
ftv  their  own  deliverance.    Foitunately  for  us,  we  had 

in 


■I  "I 


►'< 


w, 


■-■'  « 


I     174      I 

in  the  evening,  a  (hift  of  wind  from  W.  N.  W.  with  i 
fteady  breeze,  when  our  Captain,  looking  over  the  ftar- 
boaid  qa^irter,  dtfrernedthe  ice  to  the  fouthward,  feem- 
ingl/  to  leave  the  Ibip,  and  foon  heard  a  cralh,  as  if  a 
thoufand  rocks  had  been  rent  from  the'  foundations,- 
which  we  afterwards  percdived  to  be  the  parting  of 
the  ice  in  different  dire^^ions;  and  foon  after  found  our- 
ielves  releafed.  We  inllantly  ^ot  up  «  ur  ice-anchors, 
and  ihiped  our  courfe  from  S.  E.  to  E.  S.  E.  but  were 
frequently  ftopped  by  larK*  pieces,  which  carried  a- 
way  gicat  part  of  our  flienthinx  forward,  and  damafj;e4 
oar  ftern,  fo  that  the  Ihip  made  water  at  the  rate  of 
three   inches  an  hour. 

On  the  24th  we  continued  our  courfe  E.  S.  E.  and 
cime  in  light  of  the  Kefolution,  which  had  likewifc 
received  much  damige  aboit  her  bows.  We  were  now 
clear  of  the  ice,  and,  till  three  in  the  afternoon,  fail- 
ed in  Company,  till  we  came  up  with  a  folid  body,  on 
which  we  faw  a  number  of  amphibious  aBim'iI?,  fomc  of 
them  very  large.  We  inftantly  got  out  and  manned 
our  boats,  and  in  three  h(»ur3  returned  with  eleven  of 
rhe  Urgcft,  about  which  all  hands  were  employed  the 
Tiext   day  in  (kinning  and   cutting  them  up  for  blubber. 

On  the  Z5th  we  p.Hfed  fcveral  fields  of  ice.  And 
at  noon  was  at  the  extreme  of  the  eafternmoft  land  in 
light.  Being  thf^n  in  lat.  69  dcg.  17  rain,  and,  by 
a  lunar  obfcrvation,  in  long.  187  dcg.  16  niin.  E,  of 
London. 

On  the  27th  we  found  outfelves  involvtd  again  a- 
mong  the  loufe  ire,  ftjme  of  which  it  was  out  of  our 
power  to  efcape,-  ;ind  the  leak  lUll  continuing  rather  to 
increafe  than  abate,  our  Captain,  with  Mr.  Bailey  the 
aftronomer,  and  Mr.  Hurney,  our  ift  lieutenant,  wetit 
on  board  the  Kef^luti'^n,  to  repoit  our  iituation  to  the 

Commodore^ 


'--L: • 


t 


17; 


] 


Commodore,  whom  xhcy  found  fo  ill  as  to  be  pa  (Ted  all 
hopes  of  recovery.  Upon  calling  a  council  of  officers, 
it  was  Hnanimoi.ll/  agreed,  that  we  Ihrtuld  proceed  aa 
faft  as  pofliblei  to  fome  port,  where  we  might  repair 
our  damages,  and  Kamchatka  was  appointed  our  pl^ce 
of  rendezvous.  We  were  now  in  lat.  68  de^,  19  min. 
and  in   long.   1S3. 

On  the  28th,  at  two  in  the  morning  we  came  in  fight 
of  the  Afia  fliore,  very  high  and  covered  wiih  fnow  di- 
ftance  about  7  or  8  leagues,  we  mnde  fil  and  flood 
to  the  fouthward.  Abour  noon  we  found  c-urfelvcs  in 
lat.  67  deg.  II  min.  and  in  long,  by  double  altitudes 
iSS  deg.  10  min.  E.  The  extreme  of  the  eanernaioft 
land  diftant  about  6  leagues.  At  tf n  at  night  we  faw 
a  great  number  of  ducks,  geefe,  and  fea-parrots  very 
near  uj,  by  which  we  judged  land  could  not  be  far  off. 

On  the  19th  at  noon  we  were  in  lat.  65  deg.  50 
min.  and  long.  1S8  deg,  97  min.  bat  no  land  m  iighr. 

On  the  30th  we  fteered  till  noon  to  the  S.  R.  with 
a  fteady  breeze,  and  came  in  fitht  of  two  illnda  right 
a-head,  diitnnt  wbcut  five  or  fix  leagues,  The  wea- 
ther then  becnme  thick  and  hazy,  and  though  wc  were 
certain  that  the  main  land  of  Afia  and  America  were 
at  no  great  diftsnce,  we  rouUl  fee  neither  till  about 
four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  th-  Wf.irher  cl^^aring  up 
wt  faw  a  pilTige  or  Hreight,  to  which  we  bore  aw;^v' 
and  found  the  two  continents  sit  feven  o'clo':k  on  ♦•ach 
fide  of  us.  This  rtreight  was  called  iihecring*s  Sireight 
the  eitr.incc  of  which  wc»  found  ih«  fair-  as  has  breri 
already  dcfcribed  ;  and  the  current  at  this  timefettin^ 
to  the  N.  W.  very  ftroryj,  made  our  palfgae  not  only 
difficult  but  dangerous.  *         '  !f 

On  the  7-ft  w«  p^iTH  Ifchutiolfkoi.nofs,  called  by 
the  failors  rufkan-nofs,  and  foon  came  in  light  of  Cotk'i 

Town, 


^ 


■I! 


ih'iF 


i  (I. 


i 


m 


r'-'i' 


T<iwii,  wliicfi  W6  vinted  the  lift  {tafon,  lahai  alnuul/ 
been  mentioned » 

Nothing  leroaikable  till  Auguft  the  5th,  when  w« 
had  an  obfervation,  and  found  ourfelvea  In  lat*  62  deg* 
37  inin« 

On  the  7th  at  nam  we  were  by  obfervation  in  lat* 
61  dtg.  12  mm.  and  in  long,  xgj  dtg.  45  min.  and  at 
no  great  diftance  from  the  land.  At  four  o'clock  hav- 
ing a  dead  calm,  the  companies  of  both  (hips  employed 
themfelves  infifhing,  and  very  fortunately  caught  a  num- 
ber of  large  cod,  which  w*re  equally  diftributed  among 
the  crewt.  To  t?»ia  place  we  gave  the  name  of  the 
Bank  of  Good  Providence ;  and  as  foon  as  the  breeze 
fprung  up,  we  made  fail  and  ftood  to  S.  W. 

On  the  9th  at  noon  we  were  by  obfervation  in  the 
long,  of  x8|  deg.  36  min.  14  fee. 

On  the  leth  we  continued  our  courfe,  and  on  the  ifth 
at  noon  we  weie  in  lat.  56  deg.  37  min.  with  the  (hip's 
head  to  the  S.  W. 

In  the  evening  of  the  13th  we  had  the  Refolution*a 
boat  on  board,  to  compare  time,  who  brought  the  dif- 
agreeable  news  of  the  Captain's  being  given  over  by 
the  furgeon. 

On  the  1 3th  being  in  foundings,  and  the  weather  calm, 
wehovf  to  in  order  to  get  fome  flfli  for  the  fick,  and  a 
lew  cud  weie  esughtand  diftibuted  accordingly. 

On   the    17th  the  wind  that  had  ht^tti  againil  us  i'or 

fome   dayM  psi)  fhifted  in  our  favor,  and  at  nine  in    the 

fw>fning  the  man  at  the  m^ft-head  called  out  lard  to  the 

N.  W.  which  ws/i  foon  known  to  be  Bhecring  Ifland^lat*. 

at  noon  5}  deg.  $0  min. 

Nothing 


.*■>» 


C      »yr      1 


/ 


Nothing  remarkable  till  the  aift^  when  early  in  th« 
■lorning  the  man  at  the  maft-head  again  came  in  light  of 
land.  It  wa«  then  at  a  very  great  diftance,  and  upon  oui 
ftarbaord  bow,  but  before  night  we  were  only  diftant 
from  the  mouth  of  Kamchatka  bay,  1 2  or  13  leagues. 

On  the  2 2d  at  nine  in  the  morning  we  had  the  Refolu- 
tion'sboat  on  board,  to  acquaint  Capt.  Gore  with  the 
death  of  our  commodore.  We  were  then  within  fight  of 
the  flag  at  the  mouth  of  Kamchatka  bay,  of  which  men- 
tion has  already  been  made,  and  the  wind  being  favor- 
able, we  continued  our  coufe  for  the  entrance  of  the 
harbour,  which  then  bore  from  us  W.  S.  W.  lat.  atnoea 
54  deg.  s4min. 

On  the  2  3d  a  little  before  midnight  we  came  to  an- 
thor  within  the  light-houfe. 

On  the  24th  our  Capt.  being  now  Commodore,  made 
the  fignal  to  get  under  way  by  towing,  all  the  boat» 
wire  accnrdinf^ly  got  out,  and  the  Commodore  went  on 
b©ard  the  Kefolutiom,where  it  wasrefolved,  for  the  great- 
er convenience  of  repairing  tlie  (hips,  and  for  cic£\injp 
the  tents  and  foige  to  go  within  the  upper  harbour.  And 
about  four  in  the  afternoon  both  (hips  came  to,  and  were 
moored  in  three  fathom  and  a  half  water,  muddy   bottom. 

Early  next  morning   the  tenti  wercere£\cd,  and  the^ 
dck  were  got  on  (hare. 

From  the  time  we  fet  fail  out  of  this  bay  in  June,  till  the 
prefcnt  diy,  we  had  been  in  no  harbour  to  refit  ;  and 
had  been  <lriven  from  iflind  to  ifland  amonc:  iheice,  till 
our  Onp^  had  in  a  manner  loft  their  (liea thing,  and  were 
ctherwifcina  miferable  condition:  we  were  therefore 
happy  in  arriving  fafe.  *  .-,.... 


li!Hl4ir 


Auguft 


111! 


.  11 


1! 


>  ■ 

li 

'§ 

ii 

.#^ 


[     178     ] 


m  ^ ,. 


'■)'', 


I*  * 


I 


Auguft  ^5th,  an  exprefs  was  fent  to  Balchaiareki,t« 
acquaint  the  8;overnorof  our  arrival,  and  of  the  death  of 
our  late  commander:  at  the  fame  time  another  expreft 
was  fcnt  to  ParatanVa,  to  defire  the  attendance  of  the 
prieft,  in  order  to  confultwith  him  concerning  the  inter- 
ment of  Capt.  Gierke,  whnfe  defrc  w;j8,  tobebiuied  in 
his  church:  while  we  were  waitins;  the  i  ITue  of  thefe 
meifi8;e.s,  thefeveral  promotions  took  place  that  followed 
in  confeqence  of  the  Commander's  death.  Mr.  Goie  went 
on  board  the  Refolution,  and  Mr.  Kin;^,  lirll  Lieut,  of  the 
Rftfolufi^n,  t)ok  command  of  the  Difcovery.  Other  pro- 
motions took  place,  which  the  reader  will  remark  by  the 
feqiial.  The  tirft  care  of  the  comm^inders  of  both  fliips 
was  !o  provide  for  the  recovery  of  the  fick,  and  the  repair* 
of  the  Ihips;  and  for  that  puipofe  a  houfe  was  procured 
for  the  reception  ni  the  former,  and  a  contrivance  made 
for  heaving  the  latter  dry. 

The  we;nher  bein^  now  temperate  and  the  country  de- 
lightful, the  officers  and  gentlemen  rather  chofe  to  fleep 
in  thcii  Marquees  on  Ihore,  than  in  the  apartments  in  the 
fort,  01  in  the  houfes  in  the  town.  It  was  however 
thought  expedient  to  ihew  every  nirirk  of  refpe£\  to  the 
Uulfinn  officers,  who,  though  not  of  the  fiift  rank,  were 
notwithftandina;  the  only  people  with  whom  we  had  any 
concern,  or  with  whom  we  cauld  have  any  communi- 
cation j  they  were  tKcrcfore  frequently  invited  to  din- 
ner, ^nd  they  as  often  attended. 

On  the  26th  the  prieft  ariivcd,  when  Capt.  Gore  ac- 
quainted him  with  the  death  of  our  commander,  and  of 
his  d<!fiie  to  be  buried  in  his  church.  The  good  old  gen- 
tleman feemad  much  concerned;  but  ftartcd  fereral  diffi- 
culties; and  appeared  very  unwilling' to  comply  with 
thedyin^requeftof  the  deceafed.  He  urged  feveral  rea- 
fons  to  Ihcfv  the  impropriety  of  itj  thofc   of  moft  weight 


;  ftA 


^ei« 


t     179     1 

were,  that  the  church  wasfoon  to  be  pullcddown  5  that 
it  wa«  every  winter  three  feet  deep  in  water  j  and  that  in 
a  few  years  no  veftige  of  it  would  remain,  as  the  new 
church  wa«  to  be  eie£\ed  near  the  town  of  A-watch-a  upon 
a  diier  and  inore  rcnvcniet  fpct.  He  thefcfoie  advifed  the 
remains  of  th«  Commander  to  bedepofited  at  the  foot  of 
a  tree,  the  fcitc  of  which  was  to  be  included  in  the  body 
of  the  new  church,  wheie  the  Captains  bones  might  pro- 
bably reft  for  a^esimdifturbed.  Thefe  leafons  whether 
real  or  fi£\itiou.«,  the  officers  who  had  charge  of  the  fu- 
neral could  not  difprove,  and  therefore  people  were  fent 
to  dig  the  grave,  where  the  prielt  fliould  direct, 

» 

The  36th  was  appointed  for   the   inteiir.ent;    and  to 
make  the  funeral  the  more  folemn,  every  officer  was  de- 
fired  to  appear  in  his  uniform  ;  the  marines  to  he  drawn 
up  under  aims,  and   corr.mcn  men  to  be  drefled  ai*  nearly 
alike   as   poflTible,   in  order  to  attend  the  corps  frrm   the 
water-iide  to  the  grave.     All  this  was  icHdily  acceded  to, 
and  the  proceffion  began  about  ten  in   the  morning,  when 
minute  guns  from  thellnps  were  fired,  and  the  drums  muf- 
fled asufual,  beat  the  deadmrrch.    When  the  corple  ar- 
rived at  the  grave,  it  wasdepofited  under  the  triple  dif- 
charge  of  the  maiines;  and  the  grai^e  being  covered,  it 
was  iienced  in  by  piles  driven  deep  in  the  ground,  andtht 
infide  afterward*  tilled  up  with  ftones  and  earth,  to  pre- 
ferve    the   body  from  being  devouied  in   the  winter  by 
bears  or  other  wild  l>enf^s,  who  are  remarkable  for    their 
fagacity  in  fcenting  out    the   bodies  of  dead  p-ilfengers 
when   any  happctr  to  peiiih  and   are   buried  near  the 


1 


^-^^ 


4^>« 


Tkif 


^•> 


rSi 


II- 


•t1 
'i 


4,      ito     ] 

This  ceremony  over,  an  efcutcheon  was  prepared  and 
neatly  painted  by  Mr.  Webber,  with  the  Captain's  coal 
of  arms  properly  emblazoned,  and  placed  in  the  church 
of  Paratauka,   and  underneath  the  following  infcripti- 


on; 


>«*^"'*'''*vU,,_^' 


i'k 


Tbcre  lies  interred  at  the  foot  of  a  Tree,  ^^^ 
N«ar  theOftrog  of  St.  PhXEit  and  St.  Paul.       ' 
The    Body   of 
CHARLES    CLERK  E,    Esq^uim, 
CooMAKDSR   of  Hit  Britannic  Majefty't 

Ships,  the  Refolution  and  Difcovery  $ 

To    which    he    fucceeded    on  the    Death  of 

JAMES    COOK,    E  s  q.v  I  a  1, 

Wh«   was  killed  by  the  Natives  of  an  Ifland  wi 

difcovered   in  the  South-Sea^  after  having  ex* 

ploied  the  Coaft  of  America,    from  42  deg* 

tymiiu  to  70  deg.  4omin.  57.fec.N9 

in  fcarch  of  a  North-Weft  Paffage 

from   H  V  K  o  p  B    to   tht 

East-Indiis. 


■i^ 


The  fecond   attempt  beinf  made  by 

C  AFT  AIM   Clbrkb,    who  failed  within   fome  few 

Leagues  of  Captain  Cookj  but  was  brought 

up  by  I  folidBodyof  Ice,  which  he  foui  ' 

fiom  the  America  to  the  Afii,  Shore, 

and  almoft  tended  due  Eafland 

Weft. He  Died    at  Sea, 

r  on  his    Return   to  tht 

Southward  on  tht 
ltd    Day    of 
..;y^'.  Ap*il,I779, 

■  AGa»i  3!  Years, 


v'l 


Another 


•-«Y 


£       III       3 

Another  infciiption  was  fixed  upon  the  tret  under 
which  he  was  interred.  This  tree  was  at  ronae  diftance 
ifrom  the  town  and  near  the  hofpital,  round  which  fc- 
veral  people  had  already  been  buried  j  but  none  fo  high 
upon  the  hill  as  the  fpot  pointed  out  for  the  grave  of 
Capt.  Gierke.  The  incription  placed  on  this  tret  was  near- 
ly the  fame  as  that  at  Paratanka,    and  was  as  follows : 

'-^-^^  Beneath  this  Tree  lies  the  Body  of 

Captain    C     HARLES     CLERK   E, 
Commander  of  His  Britannic  Majcfty's  Ship*,      /. 
the  Refolution  and  Difcovery. 
Which  Command  he  fucceeded  to,  on  tht  Z4th 
ti  February,  1779^  on  ^'^  Death  o£ 

Captain  JamisCook,  ^^ 

Who  was  Killed  by  the  Natives  of  feme  Idandlf      -'ii 
he  Difcovered  in  the  Suvrn-SiA, 
"*  on  the  Date  above.  •  . 

Captain  Cli&kk  Died  at  Sea, 
•f  a  Itngtring  lilnefs,  on  the  tad  Vi%i  of 
AucuiT,  1779,  ••. 

In  the  3*th  Year  of  hit  Ace, 
And  wtt  iKTiE&BD  on  tht  $oth  foUbWlni;. 


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On  this  occafioii  the  inhabitants  of  both  towns,  and 
thofe  of  the  whole  country  for  many  miles  round,  at- 
tended }  and  th«  crews  of  both  (hips  were  fuffered  to 
Continue  a  fliore,  and  to  divert  themfelves,  each  as  h« 
liked  beft.  It  was  the  Captain's  defire  that  they  Ihould 
have  double  allowance  for  three  days  fucceffively,  and 
all  that  while  to  be  excufed  from  other  duty,  than  what 
the  ordinary  attendance  in  the  ibip  required,  but  the 
feafon  being  far  advanced,  and  a  loiiK  tra£\  of  unknown 
fea  to  traverfe  before  they  couid  reach  China,  the  of- 
ficers reprcfenting  the  hardfhips  and  inconvcniencie« 
that  fo  much  loft  time  might  bring  upon  themfelves, 
ttiey  very  readily  gave  up  that  part  of  the  CaptainV 
requeft,  Rnd  returned  to  their  refpe£^ive  employmentt 
early  the  next  day. 

On  tdef  September  the  Governor  arrived  at  Paratanka, 
and  with  him  an  officer  called  by  the  Ruffians  Propofick, 
the  fame  as  in  England  is  called  Colk£^or  or  Sur- 
veyor. 

They  informed Capt. Gore,  that  a  floop  was  daily  ex- 
pc£\cd  from  Janellca,  laden  with  provifions  and  ftoreg 
•f  all  forts  for  our  uft ;  but  expreifed  fome  apprehenfiont 
for  her  fafety,  is  the  boats  had  been  looking  out  for  her 
fevetal  days.  This  news  was  of  too  much  importance 
to  be  flighted.    Accordingly 

On  the  3d  the  pinnaces  and  boats  from  both  ftiipt 
were  fent  to  the  entrance  of  the  bay,  to  affift  her,  in 
cafe  ibe  ihould  be  in  fight,  in  towing  her  in  }  but  it 
was 

The  nth  before  flie  arrived.  Sne  was  a  bark  of  a- 
bout  lOo  tons,  and  had  two  guns  mounted,  which  ftic 
fired  aj  a  falute,  when  ihe  dropt  anchor,  and  was  an* 
fwered  by  a  volley  from  the  garrifon,  which  confiftcd 
of  a  fubaltern  and  55  foldicrs.  She  was  no  (boner 
■ooied,  thdn  t)ie  Captain  waited  on  tlie  Governor  for 

inftru£tiont 


I        »«3 


1 


f 

Jnftruf^ions,  and  then  came  on  board  the  Rcfolufion, 
He  was  introduced  to  the  Commodore,  to  whom  ho. 
delivered  the  invoice  of  his  lading;  among  which  w^  a 
wearing  apparel  and  tobacco,  two  articles  that  were 
above  all  others  acceptable  to  the  fliips  companieg. 
As  foon  as  the  Governor  had  executed  his  comniilfion 
and  delivered  up  the  ftores  to  the  Commodore,  he  took 
his  leave  and  returned  to  Bolchaia-ieka,  and  the  (hips 
Ibeing  lightened  before,  and  their  bows  heaved  up  dry 
fo  that  the  carpenters  could  get  at  the  leaks,  the  Captains 
and  principal  oflficers  finding  little  «?lfe  to  amufe  them, 
Blade  a  party  to  fcour  the  woods  for  game  j  bufthii  proved 
the  worft  feafon  in  the  /ear  for  hunting.  They  had  been 
told,  thai  rein-deer,  wolves,  foxes,  beavers,  and  ftone- 
rams  every  where  abounded  in  the  forefts  of  this  country, 
and  they  had  promifed  themfelvei  great  fport  in  purfuing 
them;  but  after  ftaying  out  full  two  days  and  nights, 
during  which  lime  they  had  been  expofed  to  feveral  fe- 
v«re  ftorms,  they  returned  much  fatigued,  without  hav- 
ing.breri  able  to  kill  a  fingle  creature.  The  partiet 
who  had  been  fent  our  towood  and  water  had  fucceed- 
•d  much  better.  As  foon  at  the  lhi|)«  were  ready  to 
launch,  they  were.ready  tocompleat  the  hold.  In  (hort, 
the  utmoft  difpatchwas  made  to  haften  our  departure, 
fo  that  by  the  latter  end  of  Septfmb«;r  we  wcie  in  rea- 
dineff  to  put  to  fea.  The  cattle  with  which  we  wero 
BOW  fupplied,  one  would  have  thought,  had  dropt  from 
another  region.  It  is  among  the  wonders  of  nature, 
with  what  celeiitv  every  vegetable  and  every  animal 
changes  its  app«i^rance  in  this  climate.  On  the  lath 
•f  June,  when  we  left  the  haibour  of  Kamchatka,  tho 
ijpiing  had  but  juft  begun  to  announce  the  approach 
•f  fummer  by  the  budding  of  the  trees,  and  the  fprout* 
ing  of  the  grals;  but  now,  on  our  return,  it  was  mat* 
ter  of  furprize  to  find  the  fruits  ripe,  and  the  hacveft 
lu  full  perfeOion.  The  cattle  were  inert  (kin  and  bone, 
wkich  we  were  glad  to  accept  at  oui  firil  coming  ;   but 

thoft 


\''.  • 


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fit     '. 


11 

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«' 


f  IS4  J 

that  were  now  fent  us  were  fine  and  far,  and  would 
have  made  no  bad  figure  in  Smithfield  mark«^t.  The 
grafs  was  in  many  placea  as  high  as  our  knees,  and 
the  corn,  where  any  grew,  bore  the  promifing  appear- 
ance of  a  fins  crop.  In  (hort,  from  the  mofl  dreary, 
barren,  and  defolate  afpe£l,  that  any  habitable  coun- 
try could  prefent,  this  was  become  one  of  the  moO  de- 
lightful ;  Mr.  Nelfon  reaped  a  rich  harvefl  of  raie  plants, 
and  had  the  additional  pleafure  of  gathering  them  in 
their  moft  exalted  ftate. 

Tn  this  interval  of  idle  time,  between  compleating 
our  repairs,  and  clearing  the  harbour,  we  had  leifure 
to  take  a  view  of  the  town  near  the  fhore.  where  w© 
fixh  moored,  and  that  of  Paratanka,  where  the  prief^ 
lived,  and  where  the  church  was  fituated.  Thefe  towns 
have  received  fome  improvement,  fince  they  becamf 
fubjt£\  to  the  Ruffians i  but  are  ftill  mofl  wretched  dwel- 
lings. The  houfes  are  built  (if  we  may  call  that  b(iild- 
ing,  which  is  half  dug  out  of  the  earth,  and  half  fet 
upon  poles)  in  two  different  forms  j  one  for  their  fura- 
mer,  and  the  other  for  their  winter  refidence. 

Their,  winter  habitation  is  made  by  digging  a  fqutr* 
hole  in  the  earth,  about  5  er  ^  feet  deep,  the  length  and 
breadth  being  proportioned  to  ihe  number  of  people  that 
are  to  live  in  it.  At  each  corner  of  this  fquare  hole 
they  fet  up  a  thick  pof^,  and  in  the  intermediate  fpace 
between  thefe  corner  pofts,  they  place  other  pcfls  at  cer- 
tain diftances,  and  over  thffe  they  lay 'Isalks,  faHcning 
them  together  with  (hong  cords,  which  they  make  of 
nettles  prepared  in  the  manner  of  hemp.  Acrofs  xirnf^ 
they  place  other  balks,  in  the  manner  of  a  bridge,  then 
•over  the  whole  with  thatch,  leaving  a  fquare  opening 
in  the  middle,  which  fer  vt  sat  once  for  a  door,  window, 
and  chimney.  On  one  fide  of  this  fquare  is  their  fire- 
place, and  outheoppofite  fidt  is  ranged  their  kitchen 

furniture. 


,» 


t 

in 


rurniture.  On  ihe  two  other  fidf*;  nre  a  Icind  of  broad 
benches  mnde  with  earth,  on  which  each  family  lie,  and 
in  one  of  thefe  huts  or  houfrs  there  live  feveral  families. 
Toentf^r  thefe  huts  by  the  only  opening  at  top,  they  u(?. 
a  ladder,  not  made  with  rounds  bet»veen  two  fides  Jike 
ours,'  but  confiftiq^?  only  of  narrow  flips  of  wood  fattened 
to  n  plank.  This  ladder  the  women  mount  with  great 
ngility,  with  children  at  their  backs,  and  though  the 
fmoke  would  blind  and  fufFocate  thofewhoare  not  ufed 
to  it,  yet  the  Kamlhaiikadales  find  no  inconvenience 
from  it. 

Their  fummer  huts,  called  Balagans,  are  made  by  (ik- 
ing  up  pillows  about  14  feet  above  ground,  and  laying 
balks  over  them  ^s  before.  On  thefe  they  make  a  floor, 
and  then  raife  a  roof,  which  they  thatch  with  grafs. 
To  thefe  bnlagaas,  they  have  two  doors,  which  ihey 
afcend  by  the  fame  kind  of  iad^r. 

In  the  winter  they  ufe  the  balagans  Tor  m;«gnzlnes.  the 
thatch  fecures  what  they  lay  up  in  them  from  rain,  and 
by  taking  away  the  hidder,  it  becomes  inacctlTible  to 
wild   beafts  and  vcrmine. 

It  being  fummer,  we  had  no  acccfs  to  their  winter 
^Iwellings,  which  were  all  Ihut  up,  and  ihey  were  not 
over-fond  of  expoling  \heir  povci.y;  for  though  they 
have  little  to  boa  ft  of,  they  are  not  without  pride. 
The  whole  furniiurt  of  the  commonalty  confifts  oi  dillies, 
bowls,  troughs  and  cans;  their  cans  are  made  of  bitch 
!)ark,  theii  o^her  uteniilsof  wood,  which, till  the  Ruffi- 
ans introduced  iron  among  them,  they  holloweil  with  in- 
Ihuments  made  of  ftcnr  or  hone  j  but  with  thefe  tools  thoir 
woik  was  tedious  and  difficult.  In  thefe  bowls  they 
d  efi  their  food,   though  being  wood,  they  v^illt^ot  bear 

55  In 


!'ii 


■il 


I 


.   •  t;.7 


■ppHiPnwii 


'0 


'  I       *■ 


i         186        ] 

In  the  winter  the  men  are  employed  in  hunting,  mak- 
in  fl-dges,  and  fetching  wood  j  and  the  women  in  weav- 
ing nets,  and  fpinning  thread.  *         -•■'.  ^' 

Inrhr  fpiing  the  rivers  bcBjin  to  thaw,  and  the  fifli  that 
wi  itered  in  them  ^o  towards  the  Tea  ;  the  men  there- 
fore in  this  feafon  are  buiied  in  fiflnng,  and  the  women 
in  curiug  what  they  catch. 

In  the  (bm'^ner,  the  men  build  both  their  winter  and 
fummer  huts,  train  their  dogs,  Rnd  make  their  houlhold 
utenfils  and  warlike  inftrumentsj  but  the  women  make 
all  the  cloathiint<,  even  to  the  Ihoes.  Their  deaths  for 
the  nricft  part,  are  made  of  thefkinsof  land  and  fc;>ani- 
malx,  particularly  deer,  dogs  and  feals;  but  fometimea 
theyufe  the  Ikins  of  birds,  and  frequently  thofe  of  diffe- 
rent animals  in  the  fame  garments.  They  commonly 
wenr  two  coats,  the  under  one  with  the  hair  inward**, 
and  the  upper  one  with  the  hair  outwards.  The  women 
have  befid-s  an  under  garment,  not  unlike  Dutch  trow- 
fers,  div  ided  and  drawn  round  the  knees  with  a  ftring. 

They  are  filthy  beyond  imagination;  they  never 
walh  their  ha nd^  or  traces,  nor  pair  their  nails.  They  eat 
out  of  the  fame  difh  with  their  dogs,  which  they  never 
wiilli.  Both  men  and  women  plait  their  hair  in  two 
locks,  which  they  never  comb;  and  thofe  who  have 
Oiort  hair,  fupply  the  locks  with  falfe.  This  is  faid  of 
the  Kmic  latkadales  who  live  more  to  the  north;  thofe 
in  the  towns  which  we  faw,  had  learnt  of  the  Ruffians 
to  be  more  cleanly. 

•  Theytite  very  flii^orfticious ;  and  the  women  in  par- 
ticul'ir,  pietend  to  avert  misfortunes,  cure  difeafei,  and 
fojetel  future  events,  by  muttering  incantations  over  the 
finsof  fillies,  niinj^led  with  a  certain  heib,  which  they 
gather  from  the  wo(;d<i   in  the  fpring  with  much  labor* 

They 


t  I«7         ] 

They  pretend  alfo  to  judge,  of  good  and  bad  fortune,  by 
the  lines  of  the  hands,  and  by  their  dreams,  which  they 
lelatctoexch  other  as  foon  asthey  wake.  They  diead 
going  nearthe  burning  mountains,  Itaftthe  invifible  be- 
ings that  inhabit  them  ihould  hurt  them,  and  think  it 
a  fm  to  drink,  or  to  buthe  in  the  hot  fprings  with  which 
their  country  abounds,  becaufe  they  fuppcfe  thofe  fprings 
to  be  heated  by  the  evilfpirits  that  picdu  e  thcni.  They 
are  faid  never  to  bury  their  dead]  but,  binding  a  ftrap 
round  the  neck  of  the  corps,  drag  it  to  the  next  forelt, 
where  they  leave  it  to  be  eaten  by  the  bears,  wolve9» 
or  other  wild  inhabitants.  They  have  a  notion,  that 
they,  who  are  eaten  by  dogs,  will  diive  with  fine  dogs 
in  another  world.  They  throw  away  all  the  cloaths  of 
the  deceafed,  becaufe  they  believe  that  they  who  we-u 
them  will  die  before  their  time. 

The  country  is  faid  to  abound  with  wild  beafts,  which 
are  the  principal  liches  of  the  inhabitanvs  j  p^riicular- 
Jy  foxes,  fables,  ft  one-foxes,  and  hares,  nia:mots,  ermins, 
weafles,  bears,  wolves,  rain-deer,  and  itone-rams;  but 
our  gentlmen  were  much  difappointed,  who  went  in  pur- 
fuit  of  them.  They  have  a  fpecies  of  we.lh,  called  the 
glutton,  whofe  fur  is  fo  much  more  efteemed  than  all 
others,  that  they  fay,  the  good  fpirit?  are  cloathed  with 
it.  The  paws  of  this  animal  are  as  white  as  fnow  j 
but  the  hair  of  the  body  is  yellow.  Sixty  rubles  (a- 
bout  12    tniineas  nearly)    have   been  given  for  a  Ikiii  j 

and  a  fea-beav«tr  for  a  (ingle  paw. 

» 

Of  the  bears,  the  inhibitantsmnke  good  ufd  ;  of  their 
fkinsthey  mnke  their  bed'?,  coverinajs,  cips,  collars  and 
gloves }  and  of  iheir  ildh  and  fat  their  mod  delicate 
food.  *  ,    , 

The  K  imchatkadales,  all  along  the  northern  coaft», 
have  a  particular  manner  of  dielling  their  t'j*d  i  which 


-jf. 


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i%  the  t'cry  reverfe  of  that  of  the  Indians  in  the  luufh. 
There  they  reft  or  ftew  with  ftones  made   hot  and  bu- 
ried, a«  it  weie,  in  th*j  earth  with  their  meat,  by  which 
its  reJifh  i?  faid  to  be  much  improved.     But  here  they 
b.^l    it   with    hot   ftones  immerfed  in  water,    by  which 
its  ri^vour   is  rendered  more  infipid.     The  Ume  necef- 
fity,  however,  feems  to  have  p)inted  out  the  fame  means 
to  the  people  of  the  torrid  and  of  the  frigid  zones;  for 
both  being  equally  unacquainted  with  iron,  and  wood  be- 
ine  incapiible  of  lefiflin^^;  fire,  whr-n   brought  in  conta^A 
with  it,  though  the  principle  was  obviou«,  the  applica- 
tion waH  difficult  ;    th^'fe    therefore  of   the  torrid   zone 
would  naturally  be  led  to  call  the  warmth  of  the  earth 
lo  their  aid:  While   thofe  in  the  frozen  climaien  would 
think  water  a  mote  rendy  .'tfliftantj  add  to  this,  that  the 
colder  region^  abound  with  hot  fprin^sj  fome  in   Kam- 
(hatka,  in  particular,  are  fo  hot,  as  to  approach  ne^irly 
to  the   degiee  of  boiline;   water;    but  thefe  the/  think 
it  finful  to  ufc,  as  we  have  already  obferved. 

The  doj^s  of  this  country  are  liVe  our  village  curs 
«nd  a-e  of  difieient  colours.  They  feed  chieHy  on  filli, 
;,nd  their  ninliers  ufe  them  to  diaw  fl^d^'Js,  inftead  oi 
i^.oifes  or  lein-deer. 

The  feas  and  bke.«  abound  with  a  variety  of  am- 
j^hibious  adimal.M,  of  which  feals  nnd  f^.i-liorfes  and  fen- 
cows  are  the  moft  numerous,  and  the  moft  proti table. 
Of  the  Va'w^  of  the  fell  they  mal<e  their  Cfinoes,  nnd  on 
their  fielh  md  fat  they  feed  delicioully.  Wh  lies  'tre  fome- 
f.mes  c^jft  upon  the  ilnres,  but  veiy  feldom,  unlef* 
wounded. 

■<  With    the  teeth  and   bones  of  the  fei-horfe  nnd  fea- 
cow  they  point  thtii   arrow.s,  .md  wrapons  ofwwr;  and  of 
ih'^ir   fat  and  blubber  they  mnl  e  th'ir  oil.     They  h.uc  - 
otic.3  in  thcii  iu!;cy,  but  their  fkin*  icti  a  gte**!  juice. 


|A 


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They 


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1 


They  have  birds  of  vaiious  kinds  in  great  abundance^ 
Among  the  fea-fowl,  they  have  the  puffin,  the  fea-crow^  ; 
the  greenland  pigeon  and  the  connorant.  They  havei 
fwarts,  geefe  and  eleven  fpecien  of  ducki ;  and  they  have 
plovers,  fnipes,  and  fmall  biids  without  number.  They 
have  likewife  four  kinds  of  eagles;  the  black  eagle,- 
with  a  while  headj  the  white  eagle;  the  fpotted  eagle, 
i*nd  the  brown  e^gle.  They  have  tulturea  alfo,  and 
hawks  innumerable. 

This  country  fwarms  with  infeOs  in  the  fummer,  which 
r^re  very  tr^ublefome;  but  they  have  neither  frog,  toad 
2;>)r  ferpent.  Lizards  are  not  rare  ;  but  they  believe  thcfd 
creatures  to  be  fpics  fent  from  the  infernal  powers  to  in- 
Iped  their  lives,  and  foretel  their  death;  and  therefore 
whenever  they  fee  one,  they  kill  it,  and  rut  it  in  fmall 
jueces,  that  it  may  not  carry  back  any  intelligence  Iq 
their  hurt.  '  ^'     ■' 


But  what  is  moft  renyirkable,  and  defer ves  the  atten- 
tion   of  the    curious,    is      tfce    remarkable      conformity 
between  the  Kamlhatlkadales  towards  the  eaft,   and   of 
the  Americans,    that    live  on  the  oppofite  coaft  juft  over 
againll  them,  in  their  perfons,  habits,  cuftoms  and  food  ; 
both  drefs  exaOly  inthe   fnme  manner,  both  cut  holes  in 
their  faces    in  the    fame  manner  already  defcribed,   m 
which    they  put  bines  like  falfe  teeth  j  and  both  make 
their  canoes   exa£\ly    in  the  fame  manner.     They  area - 
bout  I  2  feet  long  and  two  broad,  lliarp  at  the  h«ad   and 
Hern,  and  tiat  at    the  bottom  ;  they  confift  of  flat  piecct 
of  Wood,  joined  at  both  ends,  ai^d  kept  apart  inthc  mid- 
dle by  atranfverfe  piece,  through  which  there  i.o  a  hole 
jiilt  big  enough  for  the  man  to  fct  in    his  legs,  and    to 
fcit  hinifelf  ona  bench  made  on  purpofe  ;  this  fkeletoniJ 
.  covered  with  ieal-ikin,  dyed  of  a  kind  of  a  purple  coUiir, 
,  .and  lht»  whole  \*   iKirted  with  loofe  ikin,  which,  when 

ihe 

-     1-  .        t.  , 


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the  man  is  feat«d,  he  draws  clofe  round  him,  like  the 
mouth  of  a  purfe,  and  with  a  coat  and  cap  of  the  fame 
/kin,  which  covers  his  whole  body,  makes  the  man  and 
hivS  bolt  appear  like  one  piece;  and  thus  clad,  and  thut 
feated  andfurrounded,  he  fsars  neither  the  roughft  fea 
the  fevereft  weather. 

And  now  we  have  had  occafion  to  mention  this  (imi- 
larity  between  the  inhabitants  on  the  oppofiie  ihore  of 
Afia  and  America;  we  (hall  embrace  this  opportunity, 
to  correO  a  very  material  error  in  our  account  of  laft 
year's  voyage,  where,  fpeaking  otthe  RulTwn  difcoveries^ 
we  took  notice,  after  examining  Bhcering's  Stieights, 
though  the  Kulfians  fuppofed  that  the  lands  were  parted, 
here  we  found  the  continent  to  join,  by  which  the  reader 
will  no  doubt  imagine,  that  we  have  affeiied,  that  the 
two  Continents  of  Alia  and  America  join,  which  they 
do  not;  but  are  f»perated  by  a  ftreight  between  two 
promontories,  which  in  clear  weather,  aie  fo  near  as  to 
be  feen  in  failing  through,  with  the  naked  eyr.  But 
what  is  meant  is  this.  When  Bheering  made  his  difco- 
vcry,in  cojilVmg  along  the  American  Ihore,  hedifcovered 
a  found  or  rtreight,  which  having  furmnunted,  he  found 
himfelf  in  a  great  ba*-,  which  h<^  imagined  was  another 
fea  and  that  the  land  he  had  palled  was  not  the  Ameri- 
can continent,  but  a  great  ifland  feperated  from  the  con- 
tinent by  the  found  or  ftreight  juft  mentioned.  This 
found  therefore,  and  this  bay  we  examined,  and  found 
that  what  the  RuflTians  hadmiftaken  for  an  iflind,  isaOu- 
ally  a  part  of  the  American  Continent.  Hence  it  appears, 
that  notwithftanJing  all  that  was  written  againft  it, 
Bheering  is  juftly  entitled  to  the  honor  of  having  difco- 
vered  all  that  part  of  the  N.  W.  continent  of  America, 
that    has  been  hitherto  marked    in  our    maps   as  pait«.> 

unknown.    '       ;   .         ..  •  .  >   *  ;•  « 

<        •  •  ■ 

It  remains  now  only  to  give  a  Ihort  defciption  of  the 

biy  and  harbour  where  we  repaired  j  which  at  the  en- 

»  trance 


^'■"  < 


I 


191 


1 


trantce  is  between  two  very  high  bluff  rocks ;  on  the  ftar- 
board  as  we  enter  is  the  light-houfe,  of  which  menti- 
on has  already  been  m^de,  and  at  the  diftance  of  a- 
bout  20  miles  the  vulcano,  from  whence  flames  and 
alhes  are  fometimes  emitted  to  great  diftance,  and  to  the 
great  terror  of  the  inhabitants.  The  bay  is  about  t 
lea)?ues  deep,  and  lies  from  S.  E.  to  N.  W.  And  from 
N.  E.  to  S.  W.  It  is  about  4  leagues.  It  is  inaccef- 
{ible  during  the  winter,  by  reafon  of  the  ice  j  but  vtry 
fafe  and  convenient  during  the  fummer. 

The  harbour  where  we  lay  to  careen  and  repair, 
would  contain  about  20  (hips  of  the  line  in  perfe£^  fafe- 
ty,  being  clofely  furrounded  with  high  hills,  except  at 
the  entrance.  The  people  are  civil,and  in  their  way  very 
obliging;  but  their  manner  of  living  affords  nothing 
very  enchanting  for  failors. 

Our  (hips  being  now  in  as  good  repair  ai  we  had 
reafon  to  expeft  from  the  length  of  the  voyage  they 
had  paiTed,  the  rigorous  weather  to  which  they  had  beea 
cx^ofed,  the  boifterous  feas  they  had  ftiipped  j  and,  a- 
bove  all,  from  the  violent  concuffions  of  the  ice  that 
had  fliaken  their  very  frame,  and  had  ftripped  them  of 
their  iheathing :  And  being  likcwife  plentifully  pro- 
vided with  provilions  and  ftores,  by  the  generofity  ©f 
her  Imperial  Majefty  of  RuflTia,  and  by  the  care  and 
benevolence  of  her  governor  and  officers, 

On  the  9th  of  0£tober,  1779,  we  weighed,  and  foen 
wete  without  the  light-houfe,  ihaping  our  courfe  to  the 
fouihwaid,  and 

On  the  loth  were  in  lat.  52  deg.  36  min.  when  we 
had  a  dead  calm,  and  went  to  filhing  for  cod,  with 
good  fufcefi%    Thcrmomtter  s«. 


i  •. 


On 


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'        :.  [       192       3 

''■'-•  ...  '(■• 

-"  On  tlie  nth  we  purfued  our  courfe,  and  by  noon  were 
in  Ut.  5  I  deg.  I  rnin% 

On  the  1 2th  we  ftood  S.  W.  and  ut  ni><ht  founded 
at  ^2  fathom,  having  in  the  afternoon  paffed  three  fmall 
illands  to  the  weftward  of  us,  Lat.  50  deg.  i<>  min. 
Thermometer  4S   deg.  52  half  min. 

'  On  the   1 3th  we  were  in  lat.  50.     Courfe  as  before. 

On  the  14th  we  ftill  continued  the  fame  courfe.  Lat. 
4fl  deg.  30  min. 

The  15th  we  altered  our  courfe  in  fearch  of  fome 
iflands,  which  the  RufTuns  fnid  were  inhabited  by  peo- 
ple of  a  gigantic  fize,  who  were  covered  with  hair; 
but  who  notwithftandinsj  were  very  civii,  and  would 
fupply  us  with  cattle  and  hogs,  with  which  their  ifland 
a)>ounded.  Thefe  iflands,  however,  we  never  found, 
though  we  continued  fearching  for  them  till 

The  19th,  when  a  ftorm  came  on,  and  we  loft  fight 
^qf  the  Difcovcry ;  but  next  day  were  in  company,  and 
lefunicd  our  courfe,  the   gale    continuing  till 

"  The  2^d,  when  we  found  ourfelves  in  lat.  41  de^:. 
and  long.  E.  from  London  149  deg.  20  min.  The  wind 
which  had  abited  in  the  day,  freih'ined  again  about  9 
at  night,  and  foon  increafed  to  a  g?ile,  when  we  were 
obliged  to  lie-to,  as  vve  imagined,  from  the  ufualfign?, 
and  founding  at  80  fathom,  that  we  muft  be  near  land. 

In  the  morning  of  the  «3d  we  ftood  N.  N.  W.  in  fearch 
of  lantl,  but  found  none.  At  noon  by  double  altitude 
lat.  41  deg.  48  min.  long,  146  deg.  17  min.  K,  About 
10  at  nii^iht  wc  altered  our  ccurfc  \t.  S.  W.  and  fo 
continued  till  .        ' 


The 


'.    ;   • 


N 


f 


193 


1 


The  25th,  when  by  the  time-piece,  we  were  in  long", 
145  dcg.  29  min.  E.  and  continued  eur  courfe  with  an 
eafy  fail.  At  3  in  the  afternoon  a  large  piece  of  tim bee 
paffed  us  to  the  northward.    And 

On  the  c6th,  early  in  the  morning,  the  man  at  the 
maft-head  called  out  Land,  diftant  about  7  or  *  leagues, 
bearing  E.  by  N.  to  N.  W.  We  then  found  ourfelvei 
within  fight  of  Japan.  Lat.  40  deg.  56  min.  long.  14Q 
deg.  17  min.  E.    Thermometer  52  deg.  55  min. 

Early  in  the  morning  oftheci7thwe  fawa  fail,  feem- 
ingly  very  large  making  towards  us  from  the  ihore.  We 
cleared  fhip,  and  made  thefignalto  the  Difcovcry  to  do 
the  fame.  She  was  a  fquare  rigged  velTel  with  two 
oiafts,  very  Ihort,  and  built  much  in  the  manner  of  the 
Chinefe  junks.  We  hoifted  Engliih  coicurs.  She  look- 
ed at  us,  but  made  fail  to  the  weftward,  and  we  conti* 
nued  our  courfe. 

On  the  28th  we  faw  land  bearing  W.  N.  W.  to  S. 
half  W.  diftant  about  6  leagues.  We  then  founded  64 
fathom,  and  flood  from  S.  to  S.  E.  by  E.  Lat.  39  at 
noon,  long.  140  deg.  10  min.  Thermometer  59  and 
a  half. 

On  the  29th  we  again  ftood  S.  half  W.  and  in  th« 
morning  obferved  another  vefTel  making  to  thp  caftward 
at  a  great  diftance.  We  again  hoifted  Engl i(h  coleiirt, 
but  Ihe  paid  no  attentivon  to  them^  and  we  puifued  our 
courfe. 

On  tht  30th  we  were  in  lat.  36  deg.  41  min.  fteer- 
ing  S.  W.     Thermometer  64  and  a  half. 

On  the  31ft  faw  land  very  high,  from  W.  half  N.  to 
N.  W.  at  a  grt'at  diftance.    Lat.   34  deg.  35  min. 


'■ 


■    I! 


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r»-»- 


A  a 


November 


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j''^ ' 

'   ,. 

^  'i 

<       t' 

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.)  ; 

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i: 

f  V 

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WK/ 


November  ift,  ft^ered  all  dajr  from  S.  to  S.  W.  f4w 
a  "Jgh  mouatiin,  which  feem^d  to  be  a  vulcanoj  but 
at  a  great  diftance.    Tacked  and  ftood  to  the  northvf  ard. 

On  the  2d  we  again  tacked,  and  ftood  E.  half  S.  and, 
finding!  the  w;»ter  of  a  milky  colour,  founded,  but  had 
no;^»oundat  i^ofathom.  Lat.  36  deg.  30  min.  Ther- 
mometer 70  and  a  half. 

The  3d,  the  wind  from  the  S.  S.  E.  we  ftill  continu- 
ed working  to  the  fouthward;  but  made  little  way. 

The  4th,  the  wind  being  againft  m,  we  advanced  but 
flowly,  being  at  noon  in  3?  deg.  49  min.  only;  with 
a  great  fwell  from  the  S.  \V.  Thermometer  72  and  a 
half, 

The  5th  we  had  only  advanced  2  min. 

On  the  6th  the  wind  flilfted  to  the  N.  E.  made  fail 
and  ftood  all  day  S.  by  W.  to  S.  S.  W.  Lat.  35  deg. 
15  min 

The  7th  the  fea  all  round  was  covered  with  pumlce- 
ftone«  tlnating  to  the  mjithward.  W«  now  approached 
the  climatfi  where  bon-^ttoes,  albatroiTea,  Ihirka,  dol- 
phins, and  li/ing-Hlh  are  leen  to  play  their  fro) icks. 

.  On  the  8  th  we  faw  fea-weed,  pieces  of  timber,  great 
qumtities  of  pumice,  and  other  ligns  of  landj  but  none 
came  in  fight.    At  night  wc  llnrtened  fail. 

On  th«  9th  we  ftood  the  whole  day  S.  W.  Lat.  32 
deg.  4I  min.    Thermometer  71  and  a  half. 

Tht  loth  it  blew  a  heavy  gale  from  N.  N.  W. 
Hauled  our   wind  to  N.  K.  ,    . 

••■'•■  '"■'  On 


.' » 


i    «?i     1 


On  the  I  ith  bore  away  again  S.  by  W.  but  the  gale 
incrcafing  towards  night,  hauled  our  wind  to  the  north- 
ward. 

The  12th  the  gale  continued,  lay-to,  with  thefliip'a 
heads  to  the  weftward.  Ihipped  many  heavy  feas,  and 
the  rain  fell  in  torrents. 

The  18th  theftorm  abated.  Stood  S.  S.  W.  all  day. 
Lat.  at  noon  «j  deg.  56  min.  Long.  140  dcg.  iS 
min.  £. 

On  the  14th  mnde  fail,  W.  S.  W.    At  11  A.  M.  the 

Difcovery  made  the  fignal  for  l^nd,  which  we  anfwered. 

It  then  bore  S.  W.  diftant  7  or  8  ]ea>iue8,  andapppar- 

td  like  a  burning  mountain,  from  whence  proceeded,  49 

we  fuppofed  all  the  pumice  we  had  fecn.      In  the  night 

faw  volumes  of  ftame  proceeding  from  it,  very  awful. 

On  the  15th  loft  fight  of  the  vulcano;  but  in  thee- 
vening  another  made  a  ft  ill  more  awful  appearance. 
We  were  now  in  lat.  23  deg.  56  min.  long.  139  dej. 
20  min.  E.    Thermometer  72  and  a  half. 

On  the  16th  we  bore  away  W.  half  S.  Wind  frefh 
from  E.  N.  E.  at  noon  found  ourfelve.^  in  lat.  24  deg, 
»5  min.  having,  by  the  variation  and  fetting  of  the  cm- 
rent  gone  20  miles  to  the  northward.  Long,  by  watch 
a^Ji  deg.  16  min.  2ofec.  E.    Ther.  75anda  half. 

Early  on  the  17th,  beuig  near  the  tropic,  nnd  expeO- 
ing  th«  weather  t#  continue  fine,  weOiiited  our  canv.ifi 
and  running-rit^^inw;,  and  bent  our  old  onevf,  knowing 
what  we  hadftiil  toexpe*!^  before  we  reached  our  native 
ftjores  ;  and  we  made  the  iignal  ior  the  l)ifco)^ery  to  go  ob 
©ur  hull  ben  j(»  in  fearch  of  land,  but  found  nont.  L.jt, 
at  noon,  23  dcg.  46  min.  r  '  ' 

On 


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-,.  •••/ 


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iff 

.f 


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t  19^  1 

On  the  1 8th  w«  ftood  the  whole  day  W.  S.  W.  with 
91  ftiff  breeze.    And 

On  tht  19th  were  inlat.  22  deg.   30  min. 

The  20th  continued  our  ceurfe  without  any  thing 
material. 

The  2ift  we  weiein  lat.  $1  deg.  41  min.  a  hard  gale 
and  heavy  rain. 

The  izd  we  kept  our  courfe  the  whole  day.  Lat.  at 
noon,  20  deg.  46  min. 

The  23d  altered  our  courfe,  and  ftood  W.  by  N. 
Lat.  21.  , 

The  2  4th  hauled  our  wind,  and  ftood  N.  N.  W. 
Haid  gale  from  N.  E. 

The  25th,  the  gale  increafing  we  lay-to,  with  the 
ftup'ft  heads  to  the  northward.  Lat.  at  noon,  21  deg. 
$j  min. 

The  26th  we  again  bore  away,  W.  S.  W,  and  fo 
continued  all  day. 

The  27th  continued  the  fame  courfe  all  day.  At  night 
fhortened  fail,  and  hauled  up  to  N.  N.  W. 

Early  on  the  28th  we  were  furprifed  by  breakers  clofe 
under  our  bows.  Made  the  fi^nal  to  the  Difcovery  ;  and 
immediately  tacked  to  the  fouthward.  At  7  wore  Ihip, 
3H\v\  again  ftood  to  the  N.  W.  At  10  f^w  breakers  from 
N.  E.  by  E.  to  W.  S.  the  nearelt  dii\ant  about  a  mile. 
We  founded  at  s^  fathom,  and  bore  away  W.  S.  W. 
keeping  a  proprr  diftance  trom  the  letfs,  and  coafting  a- 
I(ing  ♦ill  we  pHfffd  them.  About  noon,  the  S.  W.  end 
bore  from  us  N.  N.  W.  dillant  about  2  miles,  lat.  2  2 
cleg.  3c  min.  Irng.  135  d<rg.  I7  uiin.  23  fee.  We 
then  made  fail,  N.  N.  W.  wi\ich  courf«  we  <5|tn|i|ued  ' 
ail  night.  -  ,  '   lOn 


I 


I        ^97 


m 


On  the  fpth,  about  S  A.M.  we  came  in  fight  of  a 
whole  fleet  of  fmall  craft,  which  we  took  to  be  fiftiing 
vftiTcls.  They  were  at  a  great  diftance,  and  not  one 
of  them  left  their  employment  to  come  near  ut.  Lat, 
21  deg.  58  min.  We  were  now  only  diftant  from  Mo- 
cao,  the  port  to  which  we  were  bound,  about  26  leaguer. 

On  the  30th  we  wore  fliip,  and  f^ood  to  the  fouth- 
ward,  and  about  11  in  the  morning,  the  man  at  the 
maft-head  called  out  Land,  bearing  W.  half  S.  diAant 
about  3  leagues.  This  proved  one  of  thenorthernmoft 
of  the  Ladrone  I.flands:  As  foon  as  we  came  withis 
diftance,  we  fired  rwo  guns  for  a  pilot,  and  one  came 
prefentJy  along  fide,  and  our  Captain  agreed  for  35  dol- 
lars to  carry  us  into  Mocao. 

December  the  ift,  about  two  in  the  afternoon,  after 
a  palTage  of  one  ^nd  twenty  days,  we  caft  anchor  with- 
in four  miles  of  the  harbour,  where  we  were  n,^t  by 
two  Chinefe  gentlemen,  who  told  us  of  the  French  war, 
and  of  his  Majefty^s  (hip  the  Sea-horfe  having  left  that 
place  about  the  time  we  left  Kamchatka.  About  I 
in  the  evening  our  boats  were  manned,  and  our  3d 
lieutenant  went  to  the  Englilh  fa£\ory  there  for  news, 
and  about  ten  returned  with  the  magazines  and  news- 
papers for  i77^»  ^777^  '77*»  being  the  lateft  they  had 
received.  He  like  wife  brought  a  confirmation  of  the 
French  war,  and  of  the  continuance  of  the  AoiericaM 
war;  and  that  five  fail  of  Englifh  ftiips  were  now  at 
Viimpo,  near  Canton,  in  China. 

On  the  2d  early  in  the  morning  we  made  fail,  and 
anchored  a-breaf^  of  the  ifland,  and  faluted  the  governor 
with  13  guns,  which  were  anfwered  with  an  equal  num- 
ber from  the  fort.  We  had  fcarce  dropt  anchor,  whea 
we  were  vifitcil  by  two  Knglifti  gentlemen,  who  after 
learning  who  we  were  '^nd  what  we  had  been  upon, 
.    ,  ,  ptrfuadcd 


h 


!! !'  '•' 


II! 


4 


ntt 


[        «9«        I 


if:! 


I' V-' 


l^sJ 


fcrfuad«4  At  Commodora  to  leave  our   Ihcn  fituation 
and  to  moor  the  (hip§  in  a  fafer  birth  to  the  leeward 
of  afmallifland  about  two  miles  diftant,  where  they 
might  remain  without  danger, 
•    -'^ 
It  was  now  three  years  fince  we  had  been  in  any 

fort,  where  we  could  convcrfc  any  oiherwife  than  by 
figrts;  and  before  any  one  was  fuffered  to  go  aflioie, 
the  Commodore  called  all  hands  aft,  and  ordered  them 
10  deliver  up  their  journals,  and  every  writing,  remark, 
or  memorandum  that  any  of  them  had  made  of  any 
particular  refpe£\ing  the  voyage,  on  pain  of  the  fever- 
eft  punifliment  in  cafe  of  concealment,  in  order  that 
all  thofe  journals,  writings,  remarks  or  memorandums, 
iefpc£\in|5  the  voyage,  might  be  fealed  up,  and  direft- 
cd  to  the  Lords  of  the  Admiralty.  At  the  fame  time 
requiring  that  every  chart  of  th^  coafts,  or  of  any  part 
of  any  of  the  coaft  where  we  hid  been,  or  draught  of 
any  thing  curious  might  be  delivered  up  in  like 
manner,  in  order  to  accompany  the  journals,  &c.  all 
which  was  complied  with  ;  and  the  papers  were  made 
up  and  fealed  accordingly  in  fight  of  the  whole  crew, 
the  papers  of  the  commiiTioned  officers  by  thenifelves, 
the  papers  of  the  non-commiflTioned  officers  by  them- 
felves,  and  the  papers  of  the  marines  and  common  men 
by  themfelves.  The  boats  were  then  ordered  out  and 
fent  to  Mocao  for  frefli  provifions,  which  next  day  were 
dealt  out  to  the  fliips  companies  at  full  allowance.  But 
before  thefe could  return,  there  came  from  the  town  boats 
with  beef,  veal,  poik,  ducks  geefe,  turnips,  carrots, 
lemons,  oranges,  and  every  other  article  of  prot ifions 
which  the  ifland  produced.;  fome  as  prefents  to  the 
Captains  and  officer  a ;  but  by  far  the  greateft  part  to 
make  their  market. 

Being  now  fafely  moored,  the  tirft  thin^  that  claimed  ^ 
the  attention  of  the  Commodore,  was  to  provide  as  well 

it 


< 


"■»-f!?!^     i.ii--- 


w:w.f^^j!^!t^y^W" 


t 


199 


1 


as  he  could  for  the  fafety  of  the  crews  in  their  retur» 
home.  The  newj  of  a  French  war,  without  letting  us 
know  at  the  fame  time  the  order  iilucd  by  the  French 
king  in  our  favor,  gave  U8  much  concern.  Our  (bipt 
were  ill  fitted  for  warj  the  decks  fore  and  aft  being 
linilhed  Hulh  had  no  covering  for  men  er  officers;  it 
was  therefore  thought  necelTaty  to  ftrengthcn  thef^anch- 
ions  a  nd  rails,  and  to  raife  a  kind  of  parapet,  mufket- 
proof  on  both  decks;  and  likewife  to  ftrengthen  the 
eabbins  as  much  as  poffible,  in  cafe  of  a£^ion.  And  as 
it  was  agreed  that  both  ft»ips  could  carry  more  giuis 
if  any  were  to  be  pui chafed,  the  Commodort  was  for 
taking  the  iliips  to  Canton,  till  perfuaded  from  it  by  fomo 
gentlemen  belonging  to  the  Englilh  fa£\ory,  who  under- 
took  to  negociate  the  bufinefs  without  giviog  umbrage 
to  the  Chinefe,  who  certainly  would,  thty  faid,be  offended 
at  the  appearance  of  fliips  of  war  in  their  river,  and 
would  oppofe  their  progrefs ;  reminding  him  at  the  fame 
time  of  the  difaKreeablp  difpute  in  which  Commodore 
Anfon  was  foimeily  involved  on  a  fimilar  occafiont  and 
how  hurtful  it  was 'to  theCompany's  commerce  for  fevcral 
years  after.  Upon  thefe  reprefentations  the  Commodore 
relinquiihed  his  defign,  and  Capt.  King,  with  other  offi- 
cers, were  fent  in  a  Company's  fliip,  aflTifted  by  one  ol 
two  gentlemen  belonging  to  the  faOoiy,  to  Canton,  to 
purchafe  cannon  and  fuch  other  ftores  as  were  not  to 
be  had  at  Mocao. 

• 

On  the  itth  they  fet  fail,  and  at  the  fame  time  two 
Portuguefe  veflelsfrom  the  harbour  of  Mocao,  came  and 
anchored  clofe  by  us.  They  were  bound  to  Bengal 
and  Madtafs,  and  very  readily  affifted  us  with  ropes  for 
iui*iiing-rij<ging,  fome  canvas,  and  with  60  fathom  of 
table.  They  likewife  exchanged  four  fmall  cannon  aod 
tbmc  (hot  with  the  Difcovtry  for  a  fpaie  Anchor. 


Thf 


•'♦Cv» 


t, 


i- 


t 


'I  rl 


,l| 


:i:i- 


f 


^-r 


n 


n^ 


I.'  N 


t 


too 


] 


•  The  25th  being  Chriftmafs  day,  was  kept,  as  is'ufual 
withEngliih  failors,  in  jollity  and  mirth  ;  and  what  added 
to  the  pleafure  of  the  day  there  was  not  a  nan  ill  in 
either  ihip. 

On  the  tith  the  Comraodere  received  a  letter  from 
Capt.  Kingy  with  an  account  of  the  difafters  that  had 
happened  in  the  paffage,  haring  lofl  two  anchors  an4 
Iheir  boat,  and  were  feveral  times  in  danger  of  running 
afliore;  that  they  did  not  arrive  at  Canton  till  the  24th; 
but  that  he  hoped  foon  to  return  with  the  cannon  and 
ftoret,  for  which  he  had  bargained^  though  at  a  great 
price. 

Here  they  learnt  that  the  fkins  we  had  brought  with  us 
from  the  N.  W.  continent  of  America ,  were  of  nearly 
double  the  value  at  Canton,  as  at  Kamchatka. 

Early  on  the  29th  there  came  into  the  harbour  of 
Mocao  a  Spaniftiga loon  from  Manilla,  faid  to  have  more 
than  four  millions  of  treafure  on  board  ;  and  before  v<re 
'  left  our  ftation  there  came  in  another  worth  double  that 
fum.  We  were  unacquainted  with  the  Spanifti  war,  or 
thefe  (hips,  had  we  been  properly  commiflioned,  mifi:ht 
cafily  have  been  captured.  It  is  aftonilhing,  that  none  of 
cur  cruifers  have  ever  lain  in  wait  for  thefe  fliipj,  as  their 
voyage  is  annual,  and  their  courfe  known. 

The  fame  evening  a  quarrel  happened  between  a  par- 
ty  of  eur  failors,  on  (hore  with  leave,  and  fome  of  the 
town's  people,  in  which  feveral  were  dans^eroufly  wtunded 
•n  botn fides;  and  Mr.  Burncy,  ift  Lieut, of  the  Refo- 
lution,  had  a  dagger  run  through  his  left  arm  in  endea- 
¥oriag  to  put  an  e»d  to  the  fray.  For  this  infult  the  Go- 
vernor fent  to  demand  fatisfaOinn  ;  but  upon  examinati- 
on the  town's  people  were  found  to  be  the  apr^creffars. 
The  Governor  made  a  very  handfcme  ajolo^y  for  his 
•  miftake,  and  the  affair  ended  without  any  fciious  conft-» 

quences. 

-We 


[ 


201 


] 


:f 


rO- 
ti- 

rs. 
lis 


We  were  now  viGted  daily  by  ftran^etswho  c.imf  out 
of   curiofity  to   fee  (hips  that  had   been  fo  rmny   yeaia 
upon  difcovery  ;    and  every   one  w^is   anxious  to  learn 
what  he  could  concerning  our  courfe,  but  that  we  were 
not  '^t  liberty  to  tell.     Among  the  rett  enme  two  Piench 
fpics.  as  we  imagined;   but  not  being  iible  to  make  out 
any  thing  criminal  againft  them,   ihey  were  fullered  to 
d'='part.     I'he  fufpicion  arofe  from  foiiie  of  our  men,  who 
h^vinsc  p''Hcu'irly  nn'''ed  ihem,  infitied  that  they  had 
formeiiy  f  i'^d  with  them  in  the  French  fervice.     No- 
thing lemaikable  till 

January  the  Sth,  17S0,  when  Capt.  King,    with   the 
officers  that  accompanied  him,  arrived  in  the  company's 
veiTel,  with  the  cannon,   ammunition,    and  flores  from 
Cinton.     Thefe  being  fliipped,  nothing  remained  to  be 
done,    but   to  txke  on  board  the  live  ttock  which  the 
Commodore  and  otficers  had  purchafed  for  their  own  ufe, 
and   nine  head  of  cattle  to  be  killed  at  fea  for  the  ufs 
of  the  ihip's   company,    the    beef    and  poik   which  wc 
brought  from  England   bein'^  now  fcarce  eatable.     Pro- 
vifionsofall  kinds  were   here  very  dear,  and  very  indii- 
feient  5    but    what  made  us    amends  was  the   price  they 
give  for  our  beaver-ikins,  on  which  they  fet  a  great  va- 
lue. 

On  the  nth  of  Jinuary  we  unmo'ored  and  the  wind 
being  fnir,  came  to  fiil  with  a  pleifent  breeze;  but 
the  wind  d'/in  <  awny  in  the  evenin..r,  we  caft  anchor,  and 
in  the  night  J  )hn  Cive,  qmrter-m  il\^*r,  and  Kob^it 
Spencer,  ran  away  with  the  great  cutter.     And 

On  the  Mth  wr;  were  the  whole  diy  detiined  in  en- 
deavoring to  lecover  them  j  but  to  no  purpofe. 

On  the  T3th  we  pnffej  th^  fort,  and  fainted  the  garrt- 
f(f)n  with  13  four  pounders,  which  th«/  aniweicd  with  an 
equal  number. 


Eb 


M' 


m-^ 


■'  !li' 


t 


I 


r, 


-■^»y. 


t 


2CZ 


I 


m 


;?  i-^ 


.  We  had  now  nothing  but  a  beatentra£\to  pafa  in  our 
way  to  our  long-wilhed  for  nitive  country. 

On  the  coth  we  made  the  little  group  of  iflands  known 
by  the  name  of  Pulo  Condore,  in  lat.  8  deg.  40  min. 
N.  at  one  of  whish  we  anchored,  and  found  it  inhabited. 
Here  we  both  wooded  and  watered,  and  the  carpenters 
felled  feme  large  trees,  which  were  afteiwards  fawed 
on  bonrd.  The  trees  on  thefe  illmds  are  chielly  cedar, 
iron  wood,  mangrove,  manchiconella  and  box.  Some 
numieg  trees  there  were,  but  of  a  wild  kind,  that  bear 
a  liuit  without  tift  or  fmell.  In  purfuit  of  game,  of 
which  there  was  plenty,  our  gentlemen  fell  in  with  a 
party  of  natives,  one  of  vvhom  accompanied  them  to  the 
Ihips,  We  made  him  underftmd,  that  we  wanted  piovi- 
fionsj  and  h«  hid  not  l^it  us  long,  before  more  than  'lO 
boats  came  round  the  ill  ind  laden  with  fruits,  fowls, 
ducks, and  other  pro\  ilions,which  they  readily  exchanged 
for  any  thing  we  olFered  them, though  they  were  not  whol- 
ly unacquiinted  with  the  ufe  of  money  i  for  being  inform- 
edjthat  buffaloes  were  on  the  iilind,  we  purchafed  feven, 
Ihreeof  them  of  a  large  fi7e,  for  four  dollars.  Here  we 
found  the  cabbige-tiee  and  other  fucculent  greens,  with 
whichour  people  n^  ide  very  free  without  afl;ing  queftions. 

On  the  23th  we  unmoored,  and  on 

The  31ft  made  the  lllind  of  Banca,  and  having  paf- 
fed  the  Itraits 

On  the  5th  of  February  we  mide  the  llland  of  Su- 
matra,   where  we  faw  -^   large  lliip  lying  at  anchor,    and 

On  the  7th  pafTed  the  llbnd  of  Java,  wheie  we  faw 
two  more.  We  made  the  fignal  to  the  Difcovcry  to 
prepare  for  aBion,  and  we  did  the  fame,  hoifting  Eng- 
hlh  colours.    It  was  fome  time  before  they  Ihewcd  a- 


i. 


203 


1 


th 


I*. 


if- 


ny,  but  at  length  they  hoifted  Dutch  colours.  We  fent 
our  boat  on  board,  and  received  the  firft  news  of  a  Spanill) 
war.     We  purfued  our  courfe,  and  ^ 

On  the  I  ith  we  made  the  Iflind  of  Cocoterra.  Here, 
from  a  healthy  fliipVs  company,  feveral  of  our  people  fell 
ill  of/the  tlux,  and  fo  continued  for  fome  time  ;  however, 
having  got  plenty  of  good  water  on  board,  we  failed   ■ 

On  the  13th  direOing   our   courfe  to  Prince's  Ifland. 

On  the  15th  we  entered  the  Bay  of  Prince's  Tfland, 
where  Capt,  Cook  when  he  commanded  the  Kndeavour, 
anchored  in  his  return  to  Europe.  Here  we  purchafed 
turtles,  fowls,  and  fome  deer;  and  here  we  laid  in  ftore 
of  cocoa-nuts,  plantains,  and  other  vegetables  j  and  hav- 
ing completed  our  ftock  of  water  fet  fail  ^ 

On  the  i?th,  dire£\ing  our  courfe  for  the  Cape  of 
Good  Hope.     Nothing  remarkable  till       7    •/-.    • 

The  25th  of  March,  when  we  were  attacked  by  a 
fevere  ftorm,  attended  with  thunder,  lightning  andr^jin, 
which  lafted  five  days  without  intermiflion. 

On  the  7th  of  April  we  were  alarmed  by  finding 
our  rudder-head  almoft  twifted  ofF.  We  got  the  pen- 
nants fixed  to  fteer  with  tackles,  it  being  the  carpen- 
TCi's  opinion  it  could  not  laft  till  our  arrival  at  the 
next  port.  However,  by  proper  application  it  lafted  till 
we  arrived  at  the  Cape. 

■•  --■*  .-^ 

On  the  9th  we  fell  in  with  Cape  Lagullas,  whetf;  a- 
boui  9  in  the  morning  we  faw  a  fmall  veiTel  cruiling, 
which  proved  to  be  the  Eaft- India  Company's  fnow, 
Eetfey,  looking  out  for  the  Eaft-India  fleet.  She  left 
England  the  5th  of  November,  and  l^dKe  Bny  on  th? 
4th  inftant.  She  confirmed  the  account  we  had  receiv- 
rd  of  the  Spanilb  war.  We  cxchiin^ed  fome  tiitles, 
and  foon  parted.    And  q^^ 


■f^i  ^.^; 


*''\ 


1) 


'1 


^  I 


\  y. 


J 
•^ 


I 


11 


f 


[  2^4  7    '         / 

'  On  the  1 2th  we  entered  Falfe  Rajr,  came  to,  and 
moored  the  laine  day,  after  having  faluted  the  iurt  with 
1 3  guns,  which  was  anfwercd  by  the  f^iiie  nuinber. 
We  had  fcarce  dropt  anchor,  when  the  Governor  came 
on  bc>;ird,  bringing  with  him  a  packet  of  letters  for 
Capt.  Cook,  which  hnd  lain  there  ever  fince  the  be- 
ginning 1779;  he  h:id  he^rd  of  the  dea'h  of  Captain 
Cook  by  a  Dutch  velTel,  and  cxprelfed  great  concern 
for    that   unhappy  event;    alking  a   ihoufand    queitions 

crncerning  the  particulars. 

^  ^.     ■    \'     ■     ■  •  ■■  •  .  ■■ 

The  firft  care  of  our  Commodore  was  to  provide  for 
the  tick  ;  and  by  three  in  the  afternoon  they  were  all 
Unded,  and  fent  to  thfe  hofpital  under  the  care  of  the 
furgeon 's  mate:  All  hands  were  next  fet  to  their  dif- 
ferent cmployiiients,  fome  to  wood  and  water,  and  feme 
to  Complete  the  repairs.  Thefe  they  forwarded  with 
the  utmort  ex  perdition,  every  one  being  eager  to  get  to 
his.  native  country.  Of  the  repairs,  the  Refolutirn^s 
ludder  whs  the  moft  material.  The  firft  thing  therefore 
to  be  done  was  to  unhinge  it  and  get  it  on  Ih  )re  :  And 
though  this  was  immediately  put  in    hand,  it   was 

The  ct7th  before  it  was  reftored  again  to  its  place. 

By  the  2^th,  the  fick,  who  were  numerous  when  we 
arrived  at  the  Cape,  we  having  i^  ill  of  the  flux,  were 
pretty  well  recovered:  The  lepairs  were  in  forwaid- 
nefs,  and  the  itores  read/  to  be  taken  on  board  at  a 
moment's  notice,  wh^n  news  was  brought  us,  that  :m 
ftxprefs  was  arrived  at  Table  Hay  from  England,  in  the 
8ibbald  fri;  ate,  which  had  only  been  ten  weeks  froir\ 
Plymouth,  and  that  flie  was  to  return  again  as  Toon  as 
Ihe  had  delivered  her  difpatchfs.  Both  Captains  went 
intlantly  to  learn  (he  contents,  and  on  th^ir  return,  or- 
ilers  were  given  to  prepare  as  faft  as  pcflTible  to  fail. 
This  was  joyful  rcws    The  fubllance  of  thefe  difpatch- 

•    "^"^^    «»<t.       ■  '  *  ^■'■■'69 


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C8  related  chiefly  to  the  courfe  the  Eaft-Tndimen  were 
to  (leer,  to  fall  in  with  the  convoy  appointed  to  meet 
them  ;  wiih  fome  inftruOions  for  our  Ccmmodore,  re- 
fpe(f\iny;  the  paper?  that  were  to  be  tranfmitted  to  the 
Adnii  ally,  which  were  all  put  on  board  the  frigate, 
and  Mr.  Portloffk,  maftcr's  mat<p,  embarked  along  with 
them. 

On  the  30th  they  fet  fail  j  but  it  was 

The  7th  of  May  before  we  were  in  readlnefs  to  fol- 
low. About  noon,  on  that  d3y,  the  fignal  was  made  for 
unmooiing.  We  had  now  120  live  Iheep  on  board,  and 
the  Difco^ery  a  lile  proportion.  We  had  all  other 
provifions  in  equal  plenty,  and  we  had  likewife  a  heal- 
thy crew  in  high  fpirits,  wiihing  for  nothing  but  a  fair 
wind  to  Ihorten  our  voyage  ,  but  that  was  not  yet  to 
be  obtained.  We  had  fcarce  faluted  the  garrifon  on  tak- 
ing leave,  when  the  wind  died  away,  and  a  great  fwell 
enfued,  which  continued  till  , 

The  9th,  when  the  fnow  came  ip  fight,  which  we 
fpoke  with  the  8th  of  April.  We  fcnt  cur  pinnace  for 
neA^s  from  fea  ;  but  Ihe  had  feen  only  one  fail  pafsfince 
we  firft  fpoke  with  her. 

On  the  1 9th  of  April  t  heir  whole  crew  were  near  be  ing 
blown  up,  by  the  fnow's  taking  fire  forwards  :  The  fliip 
was  much  d<?ma^ed,  and  they  were  putting  info  the 
Cape  to  refit,  and  then  were  bound  for  St.  Helena.. 

On  the  Mth  we  made  fail,  and  purfued  our  courfe 
home,  without  any  material  occurrence  till 

The  Toth  of  June,  when  the  Difcovery's  boat  brought 
us  word,  that  in  exercifing  the  great  guns,  the  carpen- 
ter's mate  had  his  arm  iliattered  in  a  Ihocking  manner, 

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by  part  of  the  wadding  being  left  in  after  a  former 
difchargej  another  man  flightly  wounded  at  the  fame 
time.      • 

On  the  loth  it  began  to  Mow  very  hard,  and  fo  conti- 
nued till  next  day,  when  theDifcovcry  fprung  hermain- 
top-maft  J  and  we  were  obliged  to  lie-to  till  another 
was  put  up.     - 

On  the  13th  wft  croited  the  line  to  the  northward,  and 
ebferved  a  water-fpout  tothe  N.W.atno  great  diftance  ; 
and  for  the  remainder  of  the  month  had  fine  weather. 
Thermometer  from  «o  to  78  and  a  half. 

July  the  I  ft  we  had  the  Uifcovery's  people  on  board  to 
compare  time,  lat.  at  noon  20  deg.  N.    Long.  34  W. 

On  the  13th  the  fliip's  birth  was  celebrated  on  board, 
and  double  allowance  given  to  the  whole  crew,  who 
were  at  this  time  in  pcrfe£\  health. 

On  the  27th  at  day-light,  the  Difcovery  made  the  fig- 
nal  for  feeing  a  fail.  We  inftantly  began  to  clear  fliip  in 
cafe  of  an  enemy,  and  hoifted  Engliih  colours ;  and  on 
our  near  a  pproa  ch  the  fail  did  the  fame.  She  was  bound 
to  the  fouthward,  and  we  purfued  our  courfe. 

On  the  I  ft  of  Auguft  juft  at  fun  fet  we  fnw  a  fail  at  a 
great  diftance  to  the  weftward  ;  but  in  the  morning  Ihe 
was  quite  out  of  fight.  We  were  then  in  lat.  43  deg. 
j^min.N. 

On  the  7th  we  were  in  lat.  48  deg.  long.  10  deg.  i© 
min.W.  a  heavy  gale  with  rain. 

On  the  9th  the  wind  ftiifted  to  the  eaftward,  when  we 
Ihaped  our  courfe  to  the  north  of  Ice-land.  Blew  hard 
all.day.       ■.;',,  •;.  j 


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On  the  2ift  being  then  in  lat.  58  deg.  4.  min*  N* 
long.  9  deg.  6  min.  faw  a  fail  ftanding  to  the  fouthward, 
when  we  made  the  Difcovery'sfignal  to  chafe;  but  the 
gdle  continuing,  could  not  come  near  enough  to  h^le 
her.  In  the  evening  the  man  at  the  maft-head  called  out 
land  diftant  about  3  leagues. 

Early  on  the  22  made  thefignal  for  a  pilot,  and  at  eight 
o'clock  a  pilot  came  off,  and  by  deven  we  werefafely 
moored  in  the  harbour  of  Strumnefs,  in  the  north  of  Scot- 
land. We  were  foon  vifited  by  the  gentlemen  in  the 
neighbourhood. 

On  the  a  3d  frefb  beef  and  greens  wert  ferved  outin 
plenty  to  both  Hiips  companies ;  and  the  fame  day  our 
palTengers  went  on  (hore,  and  fet  out  for  London.  The 
Captains  and  officers  went  like  wife  on  ihore,  and  the 
men  had  liberty  to  divert  themfelves  by  turns  during  our 
ftay. 

BytheZ9th  wc  had  got  wood  and  water  enough  on 
board  to  ferve  us  to  London  ;  and  at  noon  the  fignal  was 
made  to  weigh;  but  tha  wind  coming  about, and  blow- 
ing frslli  from  the  S.  E.  obliged  us  not  only  to  relinquilh 
our  defignfor  the  prefent,  but  detained  us  till  the  19th 
of  September. 

On  the  20th  of  September  Capt.  King  of  theDifcov«ry, 
Mr.  Bailey  our  aftronomer,  andMr.  Webber,  left  the  (hips, 
and  fet  out  for  London,  and  Mr.  Bumey,  ift  Lieut,  of  the 
Relolution  took  the  command  of  the  Difcovery  in  the 
abfence  of  Capt.  King. 

During  our  ftay  tha  ftiips  were  vifited  by  gentlemen 
from  all  the  iflands  round;  and  by  the  Apollo  Frigate 
and  her  confort ;  they  brought  in  a  prize  valued  at  lo^eooj. 
?ind  both  Captains  came  to  viiit  Capf.  Gore  on  board 

the 


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the  Refolution,  who  now  was  taken  very  ill,  and  fo 
continued  to  the  end  of  the  voyage.  The  fame  after- 
noon, the  wind  cime  round  in  our  fivor,  when  the  fi<- 
nal  was  made  for  unmooring,  and  both  Ihips  got  uad«*r 
way.    At  night  w«   came   to  an  anchor  with  the  tide. 

On  the  ay\  Samuel  Johnfon,  ferjeant  of  marirr^s,  died, 
and  next  morning  his  corpfe  was  committed  to  the  deep. 

On  the  a 5th  the  wind  came  again  to  the    eaftward, 
and  continued  againd  us  moft  of  our  p4irage. 

On  the  28th  we  paffsd  by  Leith,  off  which  wc  a- 
gairi  fpoke  with  his  Majefty's  Ihip  Apollo. 

On  the  29th  John  Davis  quarter-tnafter,  died.  Our 
detention  at  Strumnefs  proved  unfortun??te  for  thefe  two 
men,  who  died  in  their  palTage.  Had  the  (hips  arriv- 
ed in  a  dire£\  courfe,  their  friends  would  at  lenft  have 
had  the  faiisfa^ion  of  adminiftering  all  in  their  power 
to  their  recovery,  which,  to  pctloiis  who  h.id  been  fo 
long  abfent,  would  h.4ve  been  no  fmall  confolatione 

On  the  30th  we  cime  to  an  anchor  off  Y.nmouth,  in 
company  with  his  Mdjefty's  (bops  of  war  the  My  and 
Alderney.  Oxir  boats  were  immediarely  fent  on  Ihoie  for 
provifions ;  and  for  a  fpare  cable  for  our  fmall  bowrr, 
that  we  had  being  near  worn  out.     We   lay  here    till 

The  2d  of  O£^ober,  when  wc  weighed  and  failed. 

Oil. the   4th  we  came  to  at  the  Nore.     And, 

On  the  6th  dropt   our   anchor   at    Deptford,    having 
been  abfent  jutt  four  years,  three  months  and  two  days. 


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